scholarly journals AMALGAMABLE DIAGRAM SHAPES

2019 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-101
Author(s):  
RUIYUAN CHEN
Keyword(s):  
Closed Subset ◽  
Amalgamation Property ◽  
Finitely Generated ◽  
Finite Poset ◽  
Simple Rules ◽  
Joint Embedding ◽  
Image Position ◽  
Joint Embedding Property ◽  
Simply Connected

AbstractA category has the amalgamation property (AP) if every pushout diagram has a cocone, and the joint embedding property (JEP) if every finite coproduct diagram has a cocone. We show that for a finitely generated category I, the following are equivalent: (i) every I-shaped diagram in a category with the AP and the JEP has a cocone; (ii) every I-shaped diagram in the category of sets and injections has a cocone; (iii) a certain canonically defined category ${\cal L}\left( {\bf{I}} \right)$ of “paths” in I has only idempotent endomorphisms. When I is a finite poset, these are further equivalent to: (iv) every upward-closed subset of I is simply-connected; (v) I can be built inductively via some simple rules. Our proof also shows that these conditions are decidable for finite I.

scholarly journals Remarks on weak amalgamation and large conjugacy classes in non-archimedean groups

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maciej Malicki
Keyword(s):  
Conjugacy Class ◽  
Amalgamation Property ◽  
Conjugacy Classes ◽  
Finitely Generated ◽  
Ultrametric Spaces ◽  
The Family ◽  
Joint Embedding ◽  
Joint Embedding Property ◽  
Weak Amalgamation ◽  
Countable Structure

AbstractWe study the notion of weak amalgamation in the context of diagonal conjugacy classes. Generalizing results of Kechris and Rosendal, we prove that for every countable structure M, Polish group G of permutations of M, and $$n \ge 1$$ n ≥ 1 , G has a comeager n-diagonal conjugacy class iff the family of all n-tuples of G-extendable bijections between finitely generated substructures of M, has the joint embedding property and the weak amalgamation property. We characterize limits of weak Fraïssé classes that are not homogenizable. Finally, we investigate 1- and 2-diagonal conjugacy classes in groups of ball-preserving bijections of certain ordered ultrametric spaces.

A Note on Saturated Models for Many-Valued Logics

2015 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tommaso Flaminio ◽  
Matteo Bianchi
Keyword(s):  
Representation Theorem ◽  
Amalgamation Property ◽  
Short Paper ◽  
Fuzzy Logics ◽  
Saturated Models ◽  
Joint Embedding ◽  
Joint Embedding Property

AbstractIn this short paper we will discuss on saturated and κ-saturated models of many-valued (t-norm based fuzzy) logics. Using these peculiar structures we show a representation theorem à la Di Nola for several classes of algebras including MV, Gödel, product, BL, NM and WNM-algebras. Then, still using (κ)-saturated algebras, we finally show that some relevant subclasses of algebras related to many-valued logics also enjoy the joint embedding property and the amalgamation property.

Model companions for finitely generated universal Horn classes

1984 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanley Burris
Keyword(s):  
Finitely Generated ◽  
Model Companion ◽  
Universal Horn Class ◽  
Finite Structure ◽  
Finite Structures ◽  
Structure Theorems ◽  
Joint Embedding ◽  
Joint Embedding Property ◽  
Primitive Recursive

AbstractIn an earlier paper we proved that a universal Horn class generated by finitely many finite structures has a model companion. If the language has only finitely many fundamental operations then the theory of the model companion admits a primitive recursive elimination of quantifiers and is primitive recursive. The theory of the model companion is ℵ0-categorical iff it is complete iff the universal Horn class has the joint embedding property iff the universal Horn class is generated by a single finite structure. In the last section we look at structure theorems for the model companions of universal Horn classes generated by functionally complete algebras, in particular for the cases of rings and groups.

Generic expansions of ω-categorical structures and semantics of generalized quantifiers

1999 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 775-789 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. Ivanov
Keyword(s):  
Complete Metric Space ◽  
Amalgamation Property ◽  
General Context ◽  
Generalized Quantifiers ◽  
Joint Embedding ◽  
Categorical Structure ◽  
Joint Embedding Property ◽  
Countably Infinite ◽  
Countable Structure

Let M be a countably infinite ω-categorical structure. Consider Aut(M) as a complete metric space by defining d(g, h) = Ω{2−n: g (xn) ≠ h(xn) or g−1 (xn) ≠ h−1 (xn)} where {xn : n ∈ ω} is an enumeration of M An automorphism α ∈ Aut(M) is generic if its conjugacy class is comeagre. J. Truss has shown in [11] that if the set P of all finite partial isomorphisms contains a co-final subset P1 closed under conjugacy and having the amalgamation property and the joint embedding property then there is a generic automorphism. In the present paper we give a weaker condition of this kind which is equivalent to the existence of generic automorphisms. Really we give more: a characterization of the existence of generic expansions (defined in an appropriate way) of an ω-categorical structure. We also show that Truss' condition guarantees the existence of a countable structure consisting of automorphisms of M which can be considered as an atomic model of some theory naturally associated to M. We do it in a general context of weak models for second-order quantifiers.The author thanks Ludomir Newelski for pointing out a mistake in the first version of Theorem 1.2 and for interesting discussions. Also, the author is grateful to the referee for very helpful remarks.

Shelah's work on non-semi-proper iterations, II

2001 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 1865-1883 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chaz Schlindwein
Keyword(s):  
Closed Subset ◽  
Stationary Subset ◽  
Finite Support ◽  
Countable Support ◽  
Final Model ◽  
Axiom A ◽  
Mahlo Cardinal ◽  
The One ◽  
Image Position ◽  
Special Case

One of the main goals in the theory of forcing iteration is to formulate preservation theorems for not collapsing ω1 which are as general as possible. This line leads from c.c.c. forcings using finite support iterations to Axiom A forcings and proper forcings using countable support iterations to semi-proper forcings using revised countable support iterations, and more recently, in work of Shelah, to yet more general classes of posets. In this paper we concentrate on a special case of the very general iteration theorem of Shelah from [5, chapter XV]. The class of posets handled by this theorem includes all semi-proper posets and also includes, among others, Namba forcing.In [5, chapter XV] Shelah shows that, roughly, revised countable support forcing iterations in which the constituent posets are either semi-proper or Namba forcing or P[W] (the forcing for collapsing a stationary co-stationary subset ofwith countable conditions) do not collapse ℵ1. The iteration must contain sufficiently many cardinal collapses, for example, Levy collapses. The most easily quotable combinatorial application is the consistency (relative to a Mahlo cardinal) of ZFC + CH fails + whenever A ∪ B = ω2 then one of A or B contains an uncountable sequentially closed subset. The iteration Shelah uses to construct this model is built using P[W] to “attack” potential counterexamples, Levy collapses to ensure that the cardinals collapsed by the various P[W]'s are sufficiently well separated, and Cohen forcings to ensure the failure of CH in the final model.In this paper we give details of the iteration theorem, but we do not address the combinatorial applications such as the one quoted above.These theorems from [5, chapter XV] are closely related to earlier work of Shelah [5, chapter XI], which dealt with iterated Namba and P[W] without allowing arbitrary semi-proper forcings to be included in the iteration. By allowing the inclusion of semi-proper forcings, [5, chapter XV] generalizes the conjunction of [5, Theorem XI.3.6] with [5, Conclusion XI.6.7].

scholarly journals Some results on stable p-harmonic maps

1994 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leung-Fu Cheung ◽  
Pui-Fai Leung
Keyword(s):  
Riemannian Manifold ◽  
Critical Point ◽  
Harmonic Maps ◽  
Harmonic Map ◽  
Energy Functional ◽  
Complete Riemannian Manifold ◽  
Image Position ◽  
Simply Connected

For each p ∈ [2, ∞)a p-harmonic map f:Mm→Nn is a critical point of the p-energy functionalwhere Mm is a compact and Nn a complete Riemannian manifold of dimensions m and n respectively. In a recent paper [3], Takeuchi has proved that for a certain class of simply-connected δ-pinched Nn and certain type of hypersurface Nn in ℝn+1, the only stable p-harmonic maps for any compact Mm are the constant maps. Our purpose in this note is to establish the following theorem which complements Takeuchi's results.

Finitely generic models of TUH, for certain model companionable theories T

1985 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 604-610
Author(s):  
Francoise Point
Keyword(s):  
Discriminator Variety ◽  
Generic Models ◽  
Elementary Class ◽  
Ordered Groups ◽  
Existentially Closed ◽  
Closed Element ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Joint Embedding ◽  
Joint Embedding Property ◽  
Generic Elements

The starting point of this work was Saracino and Wood's description of the finitely generic abelian ordered groups [S-W].We generalize the result of Saracino and Wood to a class ∑UH of subdirect products of substructures of elements of a class ∑, which has some relationships with the discriminator variety V(∑t) generated by ∑. More precisely, let ∑ be an elementary class of L-algebras with theory T. Burris and Werner have shown that if ∑ has a model companion then the existentially closed models in the discriminator variety V(∑t) form an elementary class which they have axiomatized. In general it is not the case that the existentially closed elements of ∑UH form an elementary class. For instance, take for ∑ the class ∑0 of linearly ordered abelian groups (see [G-P]).We determine the finitely generic elements of ∑UH via the three following conditions on T:(1) There is an open L-formula which says in any element of ∑UH that the complement of equalizers do not overlap.(2) There is an existentially closed element of ∑UH which is an L-reduct of an element of V(∑t) and whose L-extensions respect the relationships between the complements of the equalizers.(3) For any models A, B of T, there exists a model C of TUH such that A and B embed in C.(Condition (3) is weaker then “T has the joint embedding property”. It is satisfied for example if every model of T has a one-element substructure. Condition (3) implies that ∑UH has the joint embedding property and therefore that the class of finitely generic elements of ∑UH is complete.)

scholarly journals On the essential spectrum of Banach-space operators

2000 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 511-528 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jörg Eschmeier
Keyword(s):  
Banach Space ◽  
Essential Spectrum ◽  
Negative Index ◽  
Resolvent Set ◽  
Image Position ◽  
Nuclear Spaces ◽  
Simply Connected ◽  
Banach Space Operators

AbstractLet T and S be quasisimilar operators on a Banach space X. A well-known result of Herrero shows that each component of the essential spectrum of T meets the essential spectrum of S. Herrero used that, for an n-multicyclic operator, the components of the essential resolvent set with maximal negative index are simply connected. We give new and conceptually simpler proofs for both of Herrero's results based on the observation that on the essential resolvent set of T the section spaces of the sheavesare complete nuclear spaces that are topologically dual to each other. Other concrete applications of this result are given.

A First Approximation to {X, Y}

1969 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 702-711 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benson Samuel Brown
Keyword(s):  
Homotopy Theory ◽  
Abelian Groups ◽  
Classification Theorem ◽  
Finitely Generated ◽  
Finite Abelian Groups ◽  
First Approximation ◽  
Image Position

If ℭ and ℭ′ are classes of finite abelian groups, we write ℭ + ℭ′ for the smallest class containing the groups of ℭ and of ℭ′. For any positive number r, ℭ < r is the smallest class of abelian groups which contains the groups Zp for all primes p less than r.Our aim in this paper is to prove the following theorem.THEOREM. Iƒ ℭ is a class of finite abelian groups and(i) πi(Y) ∈ℭ for i < n,(ii) H*(X; Z) is finitely generated,(iii) Hi(X;Z)∈ ℭ for i > n + k,ThenThis statement contains many of the classical results of homotopy theory: the Hurewicz and Hopf theorems, Serre's (mod ℭ) version of these theorems, and Eilenberg's classification theorem. In fact, these are all contained in the case k = 0.

Suspension of the Lusternik-Schnirelmann Category

1970 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 1129-1132
Author(s):  
William J. Gilbert
Keyword(s):  
Homotopy Type ◽  
Homotopy Class ◽  
Category Structure ◽  
Topological Spaces ◽  
Homotopy Classes ◽  
Cw Complexes ◽  
Lusternik Schnirelmann ◽  
Image Position ◽  
Simply Connected ◽  
Homotopy Invariants

Let cat be the Lusternik-Schnirelmann category structure as defined by Whitehead [6] and let be the category structure as defined by Ganea [2],We prove thatandIt is known that w ∑ cat X = conil X for connected X. Dually, if X is simply connected,1. We work in the category of based topological spaces with the based homotopy type of CW-complexes and based homotopy classes of maps. We do not distinguish between a map and its homotopy class. Constant maps are denoted by 0 and identity maps by 1.We recall some notions from Peterson's theory of structures [5; 1] which unify the definitions of the numerical homotopy invariants akin to the Lusternik-Schnirelmann category.

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