Japan Dramas and Shakespeare at St. Omers English Jesuit College

This essay examines how Catholics at the English Jesuit College at Saint-Omer reflected on Japanese religious politics during the 1620s and 1630s, both through translated mission reports and drama. This analysis expands scholars’ view of English encounters with Japan; it also decenters predominantly Eurocentric approaches to early modern Jesuit education and theater. The essay concludes with a discussion of Shakespeare and George Wilkins's “Pericles,” a quarto playbook of which was possessed by St. Omers and which, through the generic elements of romance it shared with the Japan material, provided further opportunities for the college's Catholics to consider transcontinental religious politics.

Baltiskie vietvārdu elementi

After the differentiation of the Indo-European languages, Baltic languages continued to exist side by side and develop their common geographical lexis. In the Baltic common lexis, mainly hyponyms or specific object names have formed, mostly words of the Eastern Baltic (i. e. Latvian and Lithuanian) origin. The paper deals with the most widespread generic terms of Baltic – mostly Curonian or Lithuanian – origin in Latvian toponymy: kalva ‘hillock’, danga ‘uneven place’, banda ‘field given by an owner to a servant’, lanka ‘wet meadow’, dzira ‘forest’, cērps ‘mound’, krants ‘shore, bank’, lincis ‘bay’, puosums ‘clearance’, sāts ‘meadow; populated place’, viņģis ‘bay’, vanga ‘flood-land’. In most cases, they have very branched polysemy, for example, danga 1) ‘beaten track’, 2) ‘uneven place’, 3) ‘piece of land which is surrounded by swamp or water from three sides’, 4) ‘entry of a building or forest’, 5) ‘corner’, 6) ‘bank’, 7) ‘pot on the road’. It seems that the generic terms of Curonian origin have broadened their meaning in Latvian much more than Lithuanianisms. The analysis of the most widespread generic elements of Baltic origin shows that specific toponymic system has been developed in the Western part of Latvia. Mostly borrowings from Curonian (lanka, cērps, krants, lincis, puosums, sāts) and Lithuanian (kalva, danga, viņģis) languages make these differences more distinct. The generic element vanga that until now has been considered a Curonianism, probably is an appellative of Finno-Ugric origin.

The Balustrade and the ‘kekisi’: A strategy in infusing Malay identity through filters and railings in South East Asian urbanism and architecture

Fundamentally, the element of the Malay decorative kekisi is either as a perforation between inside and outside or separation between two functional spaces are endemic in the traditional world. The same functions can be re-engaged in the modern world, to encourage good airflow and natural ventilation, rather than fully dependent on air conditioning. The paper discusses how the element itself reflects a fusion and unity of both form and function. It has sustainable and climatic functions and also has versatile elements which can be inserted to infuse identity consciousness and expressions in a range of scale of spaces, construction elements and forms. In this paper, the generic elements and their cultural variations are highlighted in the traditional building of Melaka and Kedah in Malaysia.

Recontextualización de la política de gestión en escuelas indígenas de tiempo completo en Baja California

This article reports a study on the model of school management followed by indigenous public elementary schools participating in the Full-Time Schools program (PETC) in Baja California, Mexico. It is based on Stephen Ball´s theoretical proposal on policy enactments. The objective was to infer the processes involved in policy interpretation and translation at work when endorsing the PETC policy by supervisor, principals and teachers. From a qualitative perspective, the data consisted of school observations and semi-structured interviews; for their study, we applied James Paul Gee´s analysis of I-statements in order to identify the participants´ stances regarding their everyday schoolwork. The results highlight the restrictions of the contexts under which the program is implemented, as well as the participants’ actions taken to fulfill the demands of the PETC, on top of their everyday tasks. In this way, the program and its generic elements are recontextualized in a context marked by historical inequality and marginalization.

A Question of Character

The similarity of the accounts of monk’s lives, and the function of this homogeneity, in Theodoret of Cyrrus’s Religious History has been the focus of much scholarship on this work. This chapter applies the concept of character from literary theory to these accounts to add an analysis of how, even within the generic elements of the texts, each monk also has a particular individuality. Since Theodoret presents his text as “preventive medicine,” these monks can also be compared to figures in Galen’s medical case studies, such that monasticism provides a means to a new health. Finally, paying attention to the role of character draws attention to other non-human characters, animals and even God, that Theodoret uses to teach monasticism. Altogether, the History shows the many ways to attain holiness even as all monks share the same human soul.

The Transnational Politics of Lars Von Trier’s and Thomas Vinterberg’s “Amerika”

This chapter explores a previously overlooked area in von Trier, Dogma95, and Vinterberg scholarship by investigating the industrial and aesthetic practices, generic elements, and themes that make up their collective “Amerika” elsewhere. Where the two Danish directors’ American references have often been passed off as auteurist provocations, this chapter addresses the tensions and contradictions between the films’ European locations and American settings and the discursive play between Scandinavian and European “art” cinema and American genres (the musical, the western, gangster, horror, and science-fiction/disaster film) to expose a counter-hegemonic transnational politics. Films under discussion, including Dancer in the Dark, Dogville, Manderlay Antichrist, Melancholia, It’s All about Love, Dear Wendy, are all set in an imagined USA, a country von Trier has never visited. Their settings are more often delocalized and blatantly mythical and inspired by a distantiated and critical, Kafkaesque and Brechtian, perspective – of “Amerika.”

Protocol on Medico-Legal Documentation of Sleep Deprivation

This Protocol originates from a joint projectregarding documentation of psychologicaltorture initiated by the Public Committeeagainst Torture in Israel (PCATI),REDRESS and DIGNITY - DanishInstitute against Torture (DIGNITY) in2015 after the Copenhagen Conferenceon Psychological Torture. The project is avehicle to establish a common understandingbetween health and legal professions asto how to best ensure the most accuratedocumentation of psychological torture.Historically, sleep deprivation has beenused for different objectives but, primarily,to cause stress and duress for the purposeof extracting information and confessions.Detention centers with poor conditions isanother context in which sleep deprivation,as a consequence of sleep disruption, takesplace. This is often due to overcrowding,insufficient or no mattresses, and poorconditions of transportation between thecourts and detention facilities.The aim of the Protocol is to improvedocumentation of sleep deprivationused in such settings (most often duringinterrogation) and therefore to clarify thefacts of the case so that stronger legal claimscan subsequently be submitted to local andinternational complaints mechanisms.The Protocol has been developed basedon a methodology involving: compilationand review of legal and health knowledgeon sleep deprivation, also in non-torturecontexts; drafting by first author; discussionin the group of international experts;1 pilot-1 The group includes the following experts andorganizations in addition to the authors of thisProtocol: Nora Sveaass, Nimisha Patel, BrockChisholm, Ahmed Benasr, REDRESS (RupertSkilbeck and Alejandra Vicente), Freedom fromTorture (Angela Burnett and Emily Rowe),testing by PCATI; and evaluation by thethree organizations and the group of experts.Despite generic elements of sleepdeprivation, the context in a specific countrywill determine many aspects of the factualsituation. Each context differs and as suchthis Protocol could serve as a guideline or achecklist of elements to be considered in aspecific context.We hope that this Protocol will assistin the discussions between the variousstakeholders and provide guidance on whatcan be documented and how to documentsleep deprivation.

Models of Regulation

This chapter defines regulation and identifies its three generic elements: a standard of behavior, means of monitoring whether the standard is being practiced, and means of incentivizing those who have not adopted the behavior to do so. The chapter introduces the various actors within and outside of government who may practice the elements of regulation and reviews the theory of responsive regulation and enforcement. The chapter ends with an exploration of the challenges to effective regulation.

An Angry Young Man Seeks to Justify Himself: Sleeping Dogs (Ian Donaldson, 1977)1

Through a comparison of Roger Donaldson’s Sleeping Dogs – the first New Zealand film to demonstrate that it could attract a large local audience – and the novel upon which it is based, C. K. Stead’s Smith’s Dream, this chapter shows how Donaldson transformed the nature of the story by changing the conception of the hero, combined with an incorporation of generic elements borrowed from New Hollywood films of the 1970s (for example, Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid and Five Easy Pieces), so as to convert the fiction into a vehicle for personal self-expression and self-justification in the face of a social system that was felt to be authoritarian and repressive.