scholarly journals Collaboration and Its Political Functions

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
P. E. DIGESER
Keyword(s):  
Coming Of Age ◽  
Ethnic Cleansing ◽  
National Unity ◽  
Borderline Cases ◽  
Political Roles ◽  
History Of

What functions does “collaboration” play in our moral and political practices and how did it come to play those roles? We use the term “collaboration” to identify a valued partnership, but it also names a morally compromised association and functions as a reason for blaming and punishing complicitous behavior. However, it has also played nefarious political roles: shoring up patriarchy, legitimizing ethnic cleansing, and bolstering a myth of national unity. “Collaboration” plays various roles because it is both ambiguous and vague. It is ambiguous in that there are multiple conceptions of collaboration, and it is vague because it contains borderline cases that are difficult, even impossible, to resolve. An exploration of “collaboration” combined with the history of its coming of age shows why its study is so vexing and how it functions in unexpected and disturbing ways.

Hearing the Crimean War

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Sound Studies ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Crimean War ◽  
National Unity ◽  
Black Sea Region ◽  
Academic Fields ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Many

This book addresses the sounds of the Crimean War, along with the many ways nineteenth-century wartime is aurally constructed. It examines wide-ranging experiences of listeners in Britain, France, Turkey, Russia, Italy, Poland, Latvia, Daghestan, Chechnya, and Crimea, illustrating the close interplay between nineteenth-century geographies of empire and the modes by which wartime sound was archived and heard. This book covers topics including music in and around war zones, the mediation of wartime sound, the relationship between sound and violence, and the historiography of listening. Individual chapters concern sound in Leo Tolstoy’s wartime writings, and his place within cosmopolitan sensibilities; the role of the telegraph in constructing sonic imaginations in London and the Black Sea region; the absence of archives for the sounds of particular ethnic groups, and how songs preserve memories for both Crimean Tatars and Polish nationalists; the ways in which perceptions of voice rearranged the mental geographies of Baltic Russia, and undermined aspirations to national unity in Italy; Italian opera as a means of conditioning elite perceptions of Crimean battlefields; and historical frames through which to understand the diffusion of violent sounds amid everyday life. The volume engages the academic fields of musicology, ethnomusicology, history, literary studies, sound studies, and the history of the senses.

scholarly journals The Value of Ho Chi Minh's Ideology, Morality and Style to the Vietnamese Nation Today

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 126
Author(s):  
Le Trung Kien
Keyword(s):  
Creative Thinking ◽  
National Development ◽  
Development Trend ◽  
Ethical Practice ◽  
National Unity ◽  
International Solidarity ◽  
Innovative Thinking ◽  
History Of ◽  
Flexible Behavior ◽  
And Behavior

This article aims to clarify the basic contents of leader Ho Chi Minh's ideology, morality and style that are valuable to the Vietnamese nation. In fact, Vietnam has been proving the miraculous vitality of Ho Chi Minh's ideology on the path and goals of national development, on the strategy of great national unity and international solidarity, innovative thinking, culture and humanities. His moral example and views on revolutionary ethical standards and ethical practice principles are the red thread throughout the progress of progressive and civilized human development. His style is extremely lively, natural, unique, attractive, magical in daily activities and behavior, which is shown as independent, self-directed and creative thinking style; scientific, democratic and mass working style; modest, polite, sincere, warm, natural and flexible behavior style; simple, clean, moderate, moderate living style. These legacies form a consistent whole in Ho Chi Minh's people, have deep scientific, theoretical and practical values ​​in terms of ethics and aesthetics, consistent with the history of the Vietnamese nation and the development trend of mankind.

Stūpa Pagoda Caitya

Buddhism ◽  
2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulrich Pagel
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Variant Form ◽  
National Unity ◽  
Regular Feature ◽  
Left Behind ◽  
Religious Architecture ◽  
History Of ◽  
Stone Sculpture ◽  
The Buddha

The stūpa ranks among the most visible and enduring symbols of Buddhism. It first appeared in the shape of a hemispherical earthen mound sometime around 400 to 300 bce. In India, stūpas became a prominent and regular feature of Buddhist monastic complexes soon after that. Already during the 3rd and 2nd centuries bce, we meet with large-scale stūpa constructions at a number of key Buddhist sites, including Bhārhut, Sāñchī, and, perhaps a little later, Amarāvatī. As buddhist monks began to spread the buddha’s teachings to the other countries of Asia from the 2nd century bce onward, stūpas grew into one of the most readily identifiable symbols of their arrival. Even in those areas where Buddhism did not survive (including India), the stūpas were left behind to continue to testify to the (once-) widespread presence of Buddhist communities, including in Afghanistan, central Asia, Sri Lanka, Burma, Thailand, Indonesia, Cambodia, and Laos, as well as in its variant form as a pagoda in China, Vietnam, Korea, and Japan. As Buddhism gained acceptance in these countries, it molded its prescriptions governing stūpa construction to accommodate local architectural traditions, discovering new building materials and changing shapes. From early on, stūpa structures were employed for multiple purposes. They served as central places of worship attracting monks and laymen, were adopted as mortuary containers to hold the ashes of local monks, were used to raise funds to improve living conditions in monasteries, became destinations of pilgrimage, and, more recently, have been turned into symbols of national unity, to name only a few. However, most importantly, they served to signal the presence of the buddha, not just in the abstract but also in a very physical living sense, commanding specific rights and privileges through the relics they enshrined. Furthermore, as a carrier of archaeological evidence, the stūpa continues to hold a prominent place in the study of the history of Buddhism, because its structures feature some of the earliest examples of religious architecture, stone sculpture, and inscriptions in South Asia.

scholarly journals Partisan Polarization on Black Suffrage, 1785–1868

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 470-491 ◽  
Author(s):  
David A. Bateman
Keyword(s):  
Early Republic ◽  
Political Rights ◽  
National Unity ◽  
Party Leaders ◽  
Partisan Polarization ◽  
Reconstruction Era ◽  
History Of ◽  
New Interpretation ◽  
Civil War Era ◽  
New Perspective

I offer a new perspective on the history of American democratization, tracing the evolution of conflict over black suffrage from the disenfranchisements of the early Republic to efforts to secure equal voting rights in the pre-Civil War era. I draw on case studies and new data on state politics to substantially expand our descriptive understanding of the ideological connotations of African American political rights. In contrast to existing literature, this study identifies a transformation in how positions on black suffrage polarized along party lines. It also offers a new interpretation for this racial realignment, presenting evidence that legislators responded less to the electoral consequences of black voting than to efforts of party leaders and social movements to frame its denial as necessary for national unity, a pragmatic accommodation to racist public opinion, or as complicity in slavery and a violation of republicanism. Integrating earlier periods of disenfranchisement and antislavery activism recasts standard party-driven accounts of Reconstruction-era enfranchisements as the culmination of a long process of biracial social movement organizing, enriching our understanding of how both electoral and programmatic concerns contribute to suffrage reforms and of the process by which conflict over citizenship has at times become a central cleavage in American politics.

Notes on the elogium of a benefactor at Pompeii

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 148-182
Author(s):  
John Bodel ◽  
Andreas Bendlin ◽  
Seth Bernard ◽  
Christer Bruun ◽  
Jonathan Edmondson
Keyword(s):  
Social History ◽  
Coming Of Age ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Historical Event ◽  
The Road ◽  
New Information ◽  
Present Collection ◽  
History Of ◽  
Full Discussion ◽  
The Town

The rediscovery in the summer of 2017 of a large monumental tomb of unusual form outside the Stabian Gate at Pompeii caused an immediate sensation, and the swift initial publication by M. Osanna in JRA 31 (2018) of the long funerary inscription fronting the W side of the base, facing the road, has been welcomed gratefully by the scholarly community. The text — at 183 words, by far the longest funerary inscription yet found at Pompeii — records a series of extraordinary benefactions by an unnamed local worthy, beginning with a banquet held on the occasion of his coming-of-age ceremony and continuing, it seems, well into his adult life, up to the final years of the town when the monument was built. As Osanna and others have recognized, the inscription, which seems to allude to an historical event (Tac., Ann. 14.17), the riot between Nucerians and Pompeians around Pompeii’s amphitheater in A.D. 59, provides valuable if ambivalent new information relevant to the demographic, economic and social history of Pompeii that will require full discussion in a variety of contexts over time. The present collection of remarks, a collaborative effort, is offered in the spirit of debate and is intended as an interim contribution toward a more complete understanding of the text.1

scholarly journals Some Comments on the Nature of the Nationalist Revival in France before 1914

1958 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 220-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eugen Weber
Keyword(s):  
Social Aspect ◽  
National Unity ◽  
Nationalist Movement ◽  
The Third ◽  
Apparent Change ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Republic

It is frequently asserted by students of the history of the Third French Republic that the years before 1914, and especially from 1911 to 1914, were a period of nationalist revival, a somewhat exceptional period when politics were dominated by a novel concern for national unity, prestige, and power; by calls for order, tradition, and discipline; and by catchwords connected with all these things. I propose to inquire first into the social aspect of this apparent change in the ruling ideology of the Republic, and then into the background and nature of the Nationalist movement.

John Derricke’s Image of Irelande, Sir Henry Sidney, and the massacre at Mullaghmast, 1578

1999 ◽  
Vol 31 (123) ◽  
pp. 305-327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincent P. Carey
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Early Modern ◽  
Early Modern Period ◽  
Sufficient Evidence ◽  
Ethnic Cleansing ◽  
Colonial Expansion ◽  
Modern Period ◽  
Political Controversy ◽  
History Of ◽  
Human Conflict

One of the bitterest fruits of human conflict is the resort to massacre. From the St Bartholomew’s Day massacre in 1572 to ethnic cleansing in Bosnia, combatants have regularly attempted to defeat their enemies through acts of indiscriminate killing. The history of early modern European colonial expansion is replete with such incidents. The remembering and recounting of them has become the stuff of historical and political controversy. The aim of this article is not to review these painful episodes, but to examine the sixteenth-century context in which these resorts to massacre occurred; to focus on one particular atrocity that achieved some notoriety in Ireland in the early modern period; and to suggest that a now largely forgotten episode, at Mullaghmast in County Kildare in 1578, was part of a pattern of conquest which implicated not only the soldiers and settlers who served in the Gaelic localities, but also the upper echelons of the English administration in Ireland. This pattern was accompanied by an apologetic ideology of civility and savagery best reflected in a central text, John Derricke’s Image of Irelande (1581). Derricke’s Image provides us with sufficient evidence to suggest that indiscriminate slaughter was an accepted tool in the effort to subdue Gaelic Ireland. Indeed, Derricke’s text adds weight to the conclusion that the atrocity at Mullaghmast in 1578 implicates no less a figure than Sir Henry Sidney, the quintessential renaissance English official in Ireland. Mullaghmast is important not only because it demonstrates the officially sanctioned brutality of the conquest, but also because it raises the question of how memory and history are constructed.

Alessandro Bausani and ‘Muslim Languages’, Forty Years After

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 194-210
Author(s):  
Adriano V. Rossi
Keyword(s):  
Arab World ◽  
National Unity ◽  
Main Interest ◽  
Islamic Studies ◽  
Major Subject ◽  
Cultural Climate ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
University Of Rome ◽  
The University

Abstract Resorting to personal memories from the 1960s, 1970s and 1980s, the author, who defended in 1971 at the University of Rome a thesis entitled Iranian Elements in Brahui, under Prof. Bausani’s direction (later revised and published under the title Iranian lexical elements in Brāhūī [Naples: Istituto Universitario Orientale, 1979]), reconstructs the political and cultural climate in which – at the end of the 1970s – a major subject of enquiry was the problem of the nature of the national unity among the countries of the Arab world. At the urging of Biancamaria Scarcia, Bausani decided to publish at the Institute of Islamic Studies of the University of Rome a volume of historical and linguistic essays coordinated by himself and B. Scarcia (Mondo islamico tra interazione e acculturazione [Roma: Istituto di studi islamici, 1981]). In this volume, Bausani published an essay on the concept of ‘Islamic language’ that took stock of his previous proposals made over more than twenty years (starting with his speech at the 1966 Ravello conference on a comparative history of the Islamic literatures). The author demonstrates that notwithstanding his use of linguistic terminology, Bausani’s main interest has always been the investigation of the possibility of identifying minimum distinctive traits present in the different literary typologies of various countries of Islamic culture.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document