Arboriculture and agriculture in coastal Papua New Guinea

Antiquity ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 69 (265) ◽  
pp. 807-817 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Gosden
Keyword(s):  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
The Other ◽  
Central Issue ◽  
The One

A central issue in the regional prehistory over the Transition — and therefore of this whole set of papers — is the different life-ways that came to be followed in Papua New Guinea and in Australia itself; the one became agricultural, the other hunter-gatherer. There is more to the story than that divide; this is a story of a human and created world, rather than a simple response to directing environment.

Complex coordination in diachrony

Diachronica ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 379-406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Don Daniels
Keyword(s):  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
The Other ◽  
Structural Asymmetry ◽  
Structural Integration ◽  
Single Compound ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Complex Coordination ◽  
Compound Verb

This paper presents two innovations in the clause chaining system of the Sogeram languages of Papua New Guinea. In the first, chain-final morphology was reanalyzed as chain-medial morphology with different-subject switch reference meaning. In the second, common collocations of two verbs in a clause chain were reanalyzed as constituting a single compound verb stem. Previously, scholars held that increased structural integration of clauses necessarily results in structural asymmetry (that is, subordination), but the Sogeram data show that this need not always be the case. The cross-linguistic impulse towards increased integration is realized in both innovations, but the impulse towards asymmetry is only realized in the first. This paper thus argues that with coordinate source constructions such as these clause chains, one clause may become subordinate to the other, but the clauses may also retain their coordinate relationship as they become more integrated.

Dolichopodidae (Diptera) from Papua New Guinea. XIV. Paramedetera, a new genus in the Medeterinae

1997 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Grootaert ◽  
Henk J. G. Meuffels
Keyword(s):  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Type Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
The Other ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Ancestral Branch ◽  
West Sumatra

Paramedetera, gen. nov., is described on the basis of three species: P. papuensis, sp. nov., the type species from Papua New Guinea, P. sumatrensis, sp. nov., from the lowlands in West Sumatra, and P. orientalis (Hollis, 1964), comb. nov., from the highlands in West Sumatra. Paramedetera, gen. nov., is closely allied to Medetera, but is a more ancestral branch. It is phylogenetically situated between on one hand Corindia and Thrypticus and on the other hand Medetera and Dolichophorus.

Four new species of Heth Cobb, 1898 (Rhigonematida: Hethidae) from Vietnamese diplopods

Nematology ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 567-585 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svetlana V. Malysheva ◽  
Sergei E. Spiridonov
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
National Park ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
The Other ◽  
Viet Nam ◽  
Anterior Pair ◽  
Different Parts

Abstract Four new species of Heth are described from diplopods collected in different parts of Viet Nam: Heth vietnamensis sp. n. and H. tonkinensis sp. n. in Ba Vi National Park, Ha Tay Province; H. taybaci sp. n. in Lai Chau Province and H. taynguyeni sp. n. in Chu Yang Sin National Park, Dak Lak Province. The new species are morphologically related to those described from Papua New Guinea, but are differentiated by the form of the female cuticular armature. Heth vietnamensis sp. n. is characterised by the posterior end of the lappets overhanging the anterior pair of the lateral spines, the similar size of spines in both pairs and the presence of two pairs of small papillae on the anterior lip of the cloacal aperture. Heth tonkinensis sp. n. can be differentiated from the other species by having the longest lappets, lateral spines with fused bases and the unequal-sized spicule heads. Heth taybaci sp. n. has the shortest lappets of the described Vietnamese species, has gaps between the lateral spines that are wider than the spine base and the presence of a bursa-like cuticular fold at cloacal aperture level. Heth taynguyeni sp. n. males also have a bursa-like cuticular fold but, unlike H. taybaci sp. n., this species is characterised by the bifurcate distal tips of the spicule and the undulating inner margin of the lappets.

Religion and Violence in Pacific Island Societies

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Strathern ◽  
Pamela J. Stewart
Keyword(s):  
New Guinea ◽  
The Other ◽  
Pacific Island ◽  
The One

This chapter examines the associations between religion and violence. The Bellonese case reveals that the ideology of honor drove the pattern of vengeance killings; that this ideology primarily pertained to men and their agnatic kin; that it was supported by appeals to gods and ancestors; and that peace rituals did not produce permanent effects. In the Fijian case, it is shown that war-chief and land-chief were ideally balanced with each other, the one standing for external violence, the other for internal peace. In Bau, this balance was upset and inverted due to the sea-going war-chiefs who came to engage a pre-eminent position by terminating the land-chiefs. In the New Guinea Highlands societies, a higher development of an ideology of wealth used is observed as a life-giving replacement for persons, whether for bridewealth payments, payments to allies, or compensation to enemies.

scholarly journals Belgian Missionaries in Central Africa, at the End of the 19th and in the 20th Century. Evangelization: not a World apart

Afrika Focus ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
William Blondeel
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Social Worker ◽  
Central Africa ◽  
The Other ◽  
Central Issue ◽  
Community Life ◽  
General Terms ◽  
The One ◽  
Belgian Congo

This contribution is an attempt to define in rather general terms the field in which Belgian catholic missionaries were active in Central Africa at the end of the 19th and in the 20th century. It is not an acceptable synthesis, but rather a "tour d'horizon". The image of the missionary is examined as a consistent whole as well as in its different aspects, such as teacher, medical agent, social worker and researcher. The relation between the mission on the one hand and the whole community life on the other appears as a central issue. KEYWORDS : Belgian catholic missions, (Belgian) Congo, Ruanda- Urundi. 

scholarly journals The Power of Corruption: Xenophon on the Upbringing of a Good Citizen in Sparta

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-123
Author(s):  
Aleksandr Mishurin
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Central Issue ◽  
Good Citizen ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
Political Philosopher ◽  
The One ◽  
The Given

In the given article, the author offers an interpretation of the work titled Lacedaimonion Politeia, written by the ancient political philosopher Xenophon of Athens. Judging from Xenophon’s sober and open-minded attitude to the regime he researches, the author focuses on the central issue of the treatise, namely, the upbringing of a virtuous or good citizen. This became the cornerstone of Sparta’s success as a polis, and provided it with a fame as a unique political entity praised by all, but copied by none. The author identifies the three stages of the Spartan education given by Xenophon and continues with the practices of its implementation at a mature age. The research makes it clear that the purpose of the laws of Lycurgus, as described by Xenophon, is twofold. On the one hand, the given laws instill respect, obedience, and the virtue of manliness which the lawgiver desired in citizens. On the other hand, the laws create citizens who merely imitate the above-described traits of character and law-abidance, and who are actually more like unmitigated criminals constantly fighting with each other. It is the second type of people—good criminals—who find themselves in power in Sparta, and they are the ones who end up destroying the Spartan state. By providing this diagnosis of the Spartan regime and the laws of Lycurgus, Xenophon attempts to show that handling the problem of the education of good citizens as suggested in Sparta is misguided and requires additional deliberation.

Reflections on Cosmopolitan Politesse with Perspectives from Papua New Guinea

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 100-105
Author(s):  
Eric Hirsch
Keyword(s):  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
The Other ◽  
Personal Contact ◽  
Georg Simmel ◽  
The Individual

In this issue’s forum, Nigel Rapport takes his lead from Georg Simmel, who asked how society is possible. Simmel notes that every individual has a sense of being connected to others, and it is through these connections that the individual has a ‘grasp of the whole complex as society’ (1971: 8). But this understanding is only realised through particular, concrete interactions. The individual in Simmel’s sociology, then, can only exist as an individual through this engagement with others – with, in short, ‘society’. It is this set of relations, it seems, that makes society possible. However, Simmel suggests that the picture an individual gains of the Other through personal contact is based on certain distortions – classifications of a general and conventional nature, some of which may be alienating. At the same time, Simmel also indicates that the individual simultaneously remains separate from society: ‘It seems, however, that every individual has in himself a core of individuality which cannot be re-created by anybody else whose core differs qualitatively from his own. . . . We cannot know completely the individuality of another’ (9–10).

scholarly journals Geweld in 'n evangelie van liefde: Die Evangelie van Johannes se perspektief op geweld teen Jesus en sy dissipels

2008 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Van der Watt
Keyword(s):  
Gospel Of John ◽  
The Other ◽  
Central Issue ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Status ◽  
Opposing Group ◽  
The One

Violence in a gospel of love: The perspective of the Gospel of John on violence against Jesus and his disciples This article is the first of two articles in which violence in the Gospel of John is discussed. In these articles strong techniques of vilification in the Gospel are pointed out, according to which the status of the opposing group is radically discredited by the Jews on the one hand, and the followers of Jesus on the other hand. In the first article violence and vilification by the Jews, or disciples of Moses against the followers and disciples of Jesus are investigated. It is argued that the central issue of the conflict revolves around the question: Where is God's presence to be found? Among the Jews or among the followers of Jesus? The conflict and violence in John could be understood against the backdrop of this important question.

New euophryine jumping spiders from Papua New Guinea (Araneae: Salticidae: Euophryinae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 3491 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
JUN-XIA ZHANG ◽  
WAYNE P. MADDISON
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Type Species ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
The Other ◽  
New Genera ◽  
Jumping Spiders ◽  
Genital Structure

Thirty-four new species and five new genera of euophryine jumping spiders from Papua New Guinea are described. Thenew genera are Chalcolemia (type species C. nakanai sp. nov.), Phasmolia (type species P. elegans sp. nov.), Variratina(type species V. minuta sp. nov.), Viribestus (type species V. suyanensis sp. nov.) and Zabkattus (type species Z. brevis sp.nov., plus new species Z. furcatus sp. nov., Z. richardsi sp. nov. and Z. trapeziformis sp. nov.). The other new species belong to the genera Bathippus (B. directus sp. nov., B. gahavisuka sp. nov., B. korei sp. nov., B. madang sp. nov.), Canama(C. extranea sp. nov., C. fimoi sp. nov., C. triramosa sp. nov.), Omoedus (O. brevis sp. nov., O. darleyorum sp. nov., O.meyeri sp. nov., O. omundseni sp. nov., O. papuanus sp. nov., O. swiftorum sp. nov., O. tortuosus sp. nov.), Paraharmochi-rus (P. tualapaensis sp. nov.), Sobasina (S. wanlessi sp. nov.), Thorelliola (T. aliena sp. nov., T. crebra sp. nov., T. joannaesp. nov., T. squamosa sp. nov., T. tamasi sp. nov., T. tualapa sp. nov., T. zabkai sp. nov.) and Xenocytaea (X. agnarssonisp. nov., X. albomaculata sp. nov., X. proszynskii sp. nov.). The genera Pystira and Zenodorus are both considered as juniorsynonyms of Omoedus because of their similar genital structure. Species of these two genera are therefore transferred toOmoedus. Diagnostic illustrations are provided for all new species, and photographs of living spiders are also provided when available.

scholarly journals Interpreting a Tatanua Mask

Museum Worlds ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 139-164
Author(s):  
Bruno Haas ◽  
Philipp Schorch ◽  
Michael Mel
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
The Other ◽  
Detailed Knowledge ◽  
Real Word ◽  
Material Thing ◽  
Thick Description ◽  
Complex Response ◽  
Historical Method ◽  
The One

This article introduces the art historical method of functional deixis into the study of material culture in anthropology. Functional deixis begins with a thorough empirical description of communicative effects—visual and embodied—produced by a material thing on the beholder. It then proceeds by tending to a kind of formalisation that enables us, on the one hand, to sharpen our intuitive reaction to the thing and, on the other, to obtain detailed knowledge about the ways material things produce significance. Here, the method is applied to a tatanua mask originating from present-day Papua New Guinea and currently housed at the Grassi Museum für Völkerkunde in Leipzig, Germany. Based on a thick description, we propose an in-depth interpretation of the mask as a complex response to a fundamental injury, articulating a symbolic expression of grief (left side) with an iconic expression overcoming grief (right side) after a passage through a real word expressed through the front of the mask. In doing so, the article offers a tool to study with rather than a text to read off.

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