scholarly journals Methionine improves the performance and breast muscle growth of broilers with lower hatching weight by altering the expression of genes associated with the insulin-like growth factor-I signalling pathway

2013 ◽  
Vol 111 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chao Wen ◽  
Ping Wu ◽  
Yueping Chen ◽  
Tian Wang ◽  
Yanmin Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Mrna Level ◽  
Muscle Growth ◽  
Breast Muscle ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Insulin Like Growth Factor ◽  
Factor I ◽  
Igf I ◽  
Growth Factor I

The present study aimed to investigate the responses of broilers with different hatching weights (HW) to dietary methionine (Met). A total of 192 1-d-old Arbor Acres broiler chicks with different HW (heavy: 48·3 (sem 0·1) g and light: 41·7 (sem 0·1) g) were allocated to a 2 (HW) × 2 (Met) factorial arrangement with six replicates of eight chicks. Control starter (1–21 d) and finisher (22–42 d) diets contained 0·50 and 0·43 % Met, respectively. Corresponding values for a high-Met treatment were 0·60 and 0·53 %. Light chicks had poorer (P< 0·05) growth performance and breast muscle weight and lower (P< 0·05) insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) concentration and mRNA level in breast muscle than heavy chicks when both were fed the control diets. High-Met diets improved performance and promoted breast muscle growth and IGF-I concentration in light chicks (P< 0·05). Increased IGF-I and target of rapamycin (TOR) mRNA levels as well as decreased eIF4E-binding protein 1 (4EBP1), atrogin-1 and forkhead box O 4 (FOXO4) mRNA levels were induced by high-Met diets in light chicks (P< 0·05). In conclusion, the Met requirement of broilers might depend on their HW and Met levels used in the control diets in the present study were adequate for heavy chicks but inadequate for light chicks, resulting in poorer performance and breast muscle growth, which were improved by increasing dietary Met supply presumably through alterations in IGF-I synthesis and gene expression of the TOR/4EBP1 and FOXO4/atrogin-1 pathway.

scholarly journals Insulin-like growth factor I stimulates degradation of an mRNA transcript encoding the 14 kDa ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme

1996 ◽  
Vol 319 (2) ◽  
pp. 455-461 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon S WING ◽  
Nathalie BEDARD
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Binding Proteins ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Insulin Like Growth Factor ◽  
Mrna Transcript ◽  
Factor I ◽  
Igf I ◽  
Ubiquitin Conjugating Enzyme ◽  
Growth Factor I

Upon fasting, the ubiquitin-dependent proteolytic system is activated in skeletal muscle in parallel with the increases in rates of proteolysis. Levels of mRNA encoding the 14 kDa ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme (E214k), which can catalyse the first irreversible reaction in this pathway, rise and fall in parallel with the rates of proteolysis [Wing and Banville (1994) Am. J. Physiol. 267, E39-E48], indicating that the conjugation of ubiquitin to proteins is a regulated step. To characterize the mechanisms of this regulation, we have examined the effects of insulin, insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) and des(1–3) insulin-like growth factor I (DES-IGF-I), which does not bind IGF-binding proteins, on E214k mRNA levels in L6 myotubes. Insulin suppressed levels of E214k mRNA with an IC50 of 4×10-9 M, but had no effects on mRNAs encoding polyubiquitin and proteasome subunits C2 and C8, which, like E214k, also increase in skeletal muscle upon fasting. Reduction of E214k mRNA levels was more sensitive to IGF-I with an IC50 of approx. 5×10-10 M. During the incubation of these cells for 12 h there was significant secretion of IGF-I-binding proteins into the medium. DES-IGF-I, which has markedly reduced affinity for these binding proteins, was found to potently reduce E214k mRNA levels with an IC50 of 3×10-11 M. DES-IGF-I did not alter rates of transcription of the E214k gene, but enhanced the rate of degradation of the 1.2 kb mRNA transcript. The half-life of the 1.2 kb transcript was approximately one-third that of the 1.8 kb transcript and can explain the more marked regulation of this transcript observed previously. This indicates that the additional 3´ non-coding sequence in the 1.8 kb transcript confers stability. These observations suggest that IGF-I is an important regulator of E214k expression and demonstrate, for the first time, stimulation of degradation of a specific mRNA transcript by this hormone, while overall RNA accumulates.

Ontogeny of growth hormone, insulin-like growth factor-I, estradiol and cortisol in the growing lamb: effect of testosterone

1996 ◽  
Vol 150 (3) ◽  
pp. 391-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
A M Arnold ◽  
J M Peralta ◽  
M L Thonney
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Hormone Secretion ◽  
Muscle Growth ◽  
Growth Hormone Secretion ◽  
Testosterone Replacement Therapy ◽  
Insulin Like Growth Factor ◽  
Factor I ◽  
Igf I ◽  
Growth Factor I

Abstract Exogenous sex steroids have altered growth hormone secretion in some domestic species. This study examined whether different physiological concentrations of testosterone alter muscle growth in sheep through modification of the somatotropic axis. The effects of testosterone on growth hormone (GH), insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), estradiol (E2) and cortisol concentrations in growing lambs were evaluated in 20 rams, 20 wethers and 20 wethers receiving subcutaneous testosterone replacement therapy. Two animals from each of the three testosterone status groups were slaughtered at 14-day intervals from 49 to 133 days of age, and then at 28-day intervals until 217 days of age for a total of 10 slaughter ages. Animals were sampled every 10 min for an 8-h period 1 day prior to slaughter to characterize the episodic patterns of GH and testosterone. Immediately after slaughter, the semitendinosus, splenius and triceps brachii muscles were removed, trimmed of adhering fat and connective tissue, and weighed. Testosterone increased the combined muscle weight. GH concentrations decreased during the course of the experiment. However, there was no effect of testosterone on GH mean, baseline, amplitude or GH pulse frequency measured by PULSAR. IGF-I concentrations increased in response to testosterone treatment. Testosterone had no effect on cortisol levels while E2 levels were increased after 133 days. Increased muscle growth due to testosterone appeared to be caused either by a direct effect or by increased levels of IGF-I independent of circulating GH concentrations. Journal of Endocrinology (1996) 150, 391–399

scholarly journals dl-Methionine supplementation in a low-fishmeal diet affects the TOR/S6K pathway by stimulating ASCT2 amino acid transporter and insulin-like growth factor-I in the dorsal muscle of juvenile cobia (Rachycentron canadum)

2019 ◽  
Vol 122 (07) ◽  
pp. 734-744 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuanfa He ◽  
Shuyan Chi ◽  
Beiping Tan ◽  
Xiaohui Dong ◽  
Qihui Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Insulin Like Growth Factor ◽  
Rachycentron Canadum ◽  
Dorsal Muscle ◽  
Factor I ◽  
Igf I ◽  
Growth Factor I

AbstractAn 8-week feeding experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dl-methionine (Met) supplementation in a low-fishmeal diet on growth, key gene expressions of amino acid transporters and target of rapamycin (TOR) pathway in juvenile cobia, Rachycentron canadum. Seven isonitrogenous and isolipidic diets were formulated, containing 0·72, 0·90, 1·00, 1·24, 1·41, 1·63 and 1·86 % Met. Weight gain and specific growth rates increased gradually with Met levels of up to 1·24 % and then decreased gradually. In dorsal muscle, mRNA levels of ASCT2 in the 1·00 % Met group were significantly up-regulated compared with 0·72, 1·63, and 1·86 %. The insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) mRNA levels in the dorsal muscle of fish fed 1·00 and 1·24 % Met were higher than those in fish fed other Met levels. In addition, fish fed 1·24 % Met showed the highest mRNA levels of TOR and phosphorylation of TOR on Ser2448. The phosphorylation of ribosomal p70-S6 kinase (S6K) on Ser371 in the dorsal muscle of fish fed 1·86 % Met was higher than those in the 0·72 % group. In conclusion, straight broken-line analysis of weight gain rate against dietary Met level indicates that the optimal Met requirement for juvenile cobia is 1·24 % (of DM, or 2·71 % dietary protein). Met supplementation in a low-fishmeal diet increased cobia growth via a mechanism that can partly be attributed to Met’s ability to affect the TOR/S6K signalling pathway by enhancing ASCT2 and IGF-I transcription in cobia dorsal muscle.

Muscle development, insulin-like growth factor-I and myostatin mRNA levels in chickens selected for increased breast muscle yield

2003 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Guernec ◽  
C Berri ◽  
B Chevalier ◽  
N Wacrenier-Cere ◽  
E Le Bihan-Duval ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Muscle Development ◽  
Breast Muscle ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Insulin Like Growth Factor ◽  
Factor I ◽  
Growth Factor I

Insulin-like growth factor I in initial renal hypertrophy in potassium-depleted rats

1992 ◽  
Vol 262 (6) ◽  
pp. F1023-F1031 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Flyvbjerg ◽  
S. M. Marshall ◽  
J. Frystyk ◽  
R. Rasch ◽  
K. E. Bornfeldt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Insulin Like Growth Factor ◽  
Renal Hypertrophy ◽  
Factor I ◽  
Collecting Ducts ◽  
Igf I ◽  
Growth Factor I ◽  
K Depletion

We investigated insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) in the kidney during the initial renal enlargement induced by dietary K depletion in rats. Kidney weight increase was significant after 3 days of K depletion and amounted to 29% after 7 days compared with pair-fed controls [839 +/- 34 vs. 648 +/- 17 mg (SE), P less than 0.01]. The kidney growth occurred despite almost complete arrest in body weight gain in K-depleted animals (8 +/- 3 vs. 34 +/- 4 g/7 days in controls, P less than 0.01). Whole kidney protein, RNA, and DNA estimations indicated that cellular hypertrophy during the first 4 days was followed by hyperplasia. Immunoassayable kidney IGF-I concentration increased by 106% (673 +/- 30 vs. 327 +/- 14 ng/g, P less than 0.01) in K-depleted animals 24 h after induction of K depletion, stayed elevated until day 4, and returned to control levels on day 7. After K depletion for 24 h, IGF-I immunostaining was markedly increased in the medullary parts of the collecting ducts from K-depleted animals, whereas kidney IGF-I gene expression (IGF-I mRNA) had decreased by 36%. The increase in total kidney IGF-I concentration and immunostainable IGF-I in collecting ducts in kidneys from K-depleted rats precedes the renal hypertrophy and thereby suggests a renotropic role for IGF-I. The increase in kidney IGF-I concentration is not associated with increased IGF-I mRNA levels, indicating that non-transcriptional mechanisms may be responsible for the renal IGF-I accumulation.

Nutritional regulation of insulin-like growth factor-I mRNA expression in salmon tissues

1993 ◽  
Vol 139 (2) ◽  
pp. 243-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Duan ◽  
E. M. Plisetskaya
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Food Deprivation ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Insulin Like Growth Factor ◽  
Factor I ◽  
Retarded Growth ◽  
Igf I ◽  
Growth Factor I ◽  
Plasma Gh

ABSTRACT In salmonids, nutritional insufficiency leads to retarded growth and reduced hepatic GH receptors, but increased circulating GH levels. To understand the endocrine mechanism underlying the retarded growth in starved fish better, we investigated the effect of food deprivation and refeeding on circulating levels of GH and insulin, as well as insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) mRNA expression in different tissues of juvenile coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch). Deprivation of food for 2–4 weeks resulted in cessation of growth and a significant decrease in condition factor (an indicator of fish body shape). No difference in circulating insulin or glucose levels were found between starved and fed fish, whereas starvation increased the plasma GH levels. After 4 weeks of starvation, the plasma GH level rose to 9 ng/ml, which was four times as high as that of the fed fish. In spite of elevated circulating GH, hepatic IGF-I mRNA levels were significantly reduced after 4 weeks of starvation. No significant difference in IGF-I mRNA levels of fed and starved fish was found in other tissues, including kidney, spleen, ovary, gill filament and gut. Two weeks of refeeding significantly increased hepatic IGF-I mRNA levels and growth and reduced plasma GH levels. These results suggest that food deprivation primarily reduces IGF-I mRNA expression in the liver which results, most probably, in a decline in systemic IGF-I levels and consequently leads to the retarded growth of salmon. Journal of Endocrinology (1993) 139, 243–252

Insulin regulates insulin-like growth factor I mRNA in rat hepatocytes

1991 ◽  
Vol 260 (6) ◽  
pp. E846-E851 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Boni-Schnetzler ◽  
C. Schmid ◽  
P. J. Meier ◽  
E. R. Froesch
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Rat Hepatocytes ◽  
Northern Blotting ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Insulin Like Growth Factor ◽  
Factor I ◽  
Igf I ◽  
Growth Factor I ◽  
Direct Regulation

To evaluate the regulatory role of growth hormone (GH) and insulin on insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) mRNA levels, we employed primary rat hepatocytes. Cells were incubated for 16 h with 10 nM insulin, 10 nM GH, or a combination thereof, and IGF-I mRNA levels were analyzed by Northern blotting. Insulin results in 2.5-fold and GH in 3.8-fold higher IGF-I mRNA levels than hormone-free controls, and a combination of insulin and GH had an additive effect (6.7-fold). The effect of 10 nM insulin was constant at variable GH concentrations. Therefore, GH and insulin affect IGF-I mRNA levels independently of each other. The half-maximal effective dose of insulin was 4.7 X 10(-10) M, and, in kinetic experiments, insulin was effective within 2 h. These findings demonstrate that insulin modulates hepatic IGF-I production by a direct regulation of the transcript levels of IGF-I.

Kidney insulin-like growth factor-I mRNA levels are increased in postpubertal diabetic rats

1991 ◽  
Vol 129 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. A. Bach ◽  
J. L. Stevenson ◽  
T. J. Allen ◽  
G. Jerums ◽  
A. C. Herington
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Northern Blotting ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Insulin Like Growth Factor ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Factor I ◽  
Igf I ◽  
Renal Enlargement ◽  
Growth Factor I

ABSTRACT Diabetes-associated renal enlargement is more marked in postpubertal than prepubertal rats, and in the postpubertal rat, is associated with increased kidney insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) levels for the first 2 days. In order to determine whether local IGF-I production is the cause of this increase in tissue levels, IGF-I mRNA levels were determined in pre- and postpubertal Sprague–Dawley rats made diabetic with streptozotocin (STZ) and in control rats. RNA was extracted from kidneys and livers of rats at 0 h, 6 h, 12 h and days 1, 2, 3 and 7 after STZ injection. After Northern blotting and hybridization with an oligonucleotide probe complementary to an E domain of the IGF-I cDNA, four distinct bands (7·4, 4·8, 1·8 and 1·0 kb) were found. Densitometric analyses of the most prominent bands (7·4 and 1·0 kb), after normalization for 18S ribosomal RNA content, revealed a 50–100% increase in the kidneys of postpubertal diabetic rats compared with postpubertal controls 12 h after STZ injection (P < 0·05, diabetes vs control). Between days 2 and 7, kidney IGF-I mRNA levels in postpubertal diabetic rats fell to approximately 50% of control levels (P < 0·05, diabetes vs control). In contrast, kidney IGF-I mRNA levels in the prepubertal diabetic rats remained unchanged over the 7 days. Liver IGF-I mRNA levels did not rise during the first 24 h and fell to approximately 60% of control levels by day 7 in both pre- and postpubertal diabetic rats (P < 0·05, diabetes vs control). Increased local IGF-I production may underlie the initiation of renal enlargement associated with diabetes mellitus. Journal of Endocrinology (1991) 129, 5–10

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