The relative attractiveness of cattle, sheep and goats to Glossina morsitans morsitans Westwood and G. pallidipes Austen (Diptera: Glossinidae) in the Zambesi Valley of Rhodesia

1978 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 489-495 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. D. Pilson ◽  
W. P. Boyt ◽  
P. K. I. MacKenzie
Keyword(s):  
Glossina Morsitans Morsitans ◽  
Repellent Effect ◽  
Glossina Morsitans ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Sheep And Goats ◽  
Relative Attractiveness ◽  
The Difference

AbstractA series of investigations was conducted to evaluate the comparative attractiveness of cattle, sheep and goats to Glossina morsitans morsitans Westw. and G. pallidipes Aust. in the Zambesi Valley, Rhodesia. It was shown that cattle are subjected to in excess of three times the challenge by male G. m. morsitans than either sheep or goats. Due to the repellent effect of man's presence on the attraction and feeding of female G. m. morsitansand both male and female G. pallidipes on the bait animals, no rational relationship could be postulated for them. Possible factors accounting for the difference of attractiveness between the three bait species are discussed.

The relative attractiveness of donkeys, cattle, sheep and goats to Glossina morsitans morsitans Westwood and G. pallidipes Austen (Eiptera: Glossinidae) in a middle-veld area of Rhodesia

1978 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 497-500 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. P. Boyt ◽  
P. K. I. MacKenzie ◽  
R. D. Pilson
Keyword(s):  
Glossina Morsitans Morsitans ◽  
Glossina Morsitans ◽  
Host Preferences ◽  
Tsetse Control ◽  
Sheep And Goats ◽  
Wild Game ◽  
Relative Attractiveness ◽  
Grazing Area ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Blood Meals

AbstractThe comparative attractiveness to Glossina morsitans morsitans Westw. and G. pallidipes Aust. of donkeys, cattle, sheep and goats in the presence of wild game was examined during two investigations in a middle-veld area of Rhodesia. Host preferences were assessed by the identification of blood-meals collected in the grazing area. Both cattle and donkeys provided a high proportion of the diet. Sheep and particularly goats were fed upon to a minor degree. The significance of the findings is discussed in relation to tsetse control.

A method of studying the efficiency of traps for tsetse flies (Diptera: Glossinidae) and other insects

1979 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 183-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. A. Vale ◽  
J. W. Hargrove
Keyword(s):  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Visual Target ◽  
Glossina Morsitans Morsitans ◽  
Tsetse Flies ◽  
Glossina Morsitans ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Below Ground

AbstractAn incomplete ring of electrified nets was placed round a trap or round an electrified net and visual target in woodland infested with Glossina morsitans morsitans Westw. and G. pallidipes Aust. in Rhodesia. The distribution of catches in these systems was used to estimate the minimum efficiencies with which the trap or net and target captured flies that were initially attracted by odours derived from a herd of cattle hidden below ground. With mature tsetse, the estimates for the trap were 23 and 21% for male and female G. morsitans, respectively, and 70 and 49% for male and female G. pallidipes. For the net and target, the corresponding figures were 29, 30, 53 and 43. The coefficient of variation of such estimates (about 10%) was low enough to suggest that the technique affords a quick and reliable means of screening the efficiency of many trap designs. Factors responsible for the efficiency of the trap were elucidated. Data for other insects were obtained.

Infection of post-teneral tsetse flies (Glossina morsitans morsitans and Glossina morsitans centralis) with Trypanosoma brucei brucei

1988 ◽  
Vol 66 (6) ◽  
pp. 1289-1292 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. H. Gooding
Keyword(s):  
Trypanosoma Brucei ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Glossina Morsitans Morsitans ◽  
Tsetse Flies ◽  
Glossina Morsitans ◽  
Trypanosoma Brucei Brucei ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Glossina Morsitans Centralis

A significant proportion of post-teneral male Glossina morsitans morsitans Westwood and post-teneral male and female Glossina morsitans centralis Machado develop mature infections of Trypanosoma brucei brucei Plimmer and Bradford without being starved before feeding upon infected rabbits.

Involvement of the X chromosome in fertility of male and female hybrids of Glossina morsitans morsitans and Glossina morsitans centralis (Diptera: Glossinidae)

1989 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 869-871 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. H. Gooding
Keyword(s):  
X Chromosome ◽  
Glossina Morsitans Morsitans ◽  
The Other ◽  
Marker Genes ◽  
Glossina Morsitans ◽  
X Chromosomes ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Intrachromosomal Recombination ◽  
Glossina Morsitans Centralis ◽  
Glucose 6 Phosphate Dehydrogenase

In hybrid females of Glossina morsitans morsitans Westwood and Glossina morsitans centralis Machado that carried four well-separated marker genes, suppression of intrachromosomal recombination occurred between the loci for glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6pd) and arginine phosphokinase (Apk) on the X chromosome. Fertility of backcross females was not influenced by whether they mated with G. m. morsitans or G. m. centralis, but it was higher in females that received both of their X chromosomes from G. m. morsitans than it was in females that received one X chromosome from G. m. morsitans and the other from G. m. centralis.

Survival and behaviour of tsetse flies (Diptera, Glossinidae) released in the field: a comparison between wild flies and animal-fed and in vitro-fed laboratory-reared flies

1976 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 731-744 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. A. Vale ◽  
J. W. Hargrove ◽  
A. M. Jordan ◽  
P. A. Langley ◽  
A. R. Mews
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Release Site ◽  
Glossina Morsitans Morsitans ◽  
Tsetse Flies ◽  
Glossina Morsitans ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Wing Damage ◽  
Blood Meals

AbstractMale and female Glossina morsitans morsitans Westw. which emerged from puparia produced by animal-fed and in vitro-fed colonies in England were marked distinctively with non-toxic paint and released into a natural habitat of G. morsitans and G. pallidipes Aust. in Rhodesia. Concurrently, adults of both species which emerged from locally-collected puparia were marked and released. Recaptures from artificial refuges, odour attractants and mobile baits at periods up to 59 days after release and at distances up to 1800 m from the release site indicated no clear differences between native G. morsitans and the two laboratory-reared groups in respect of body size, amount of fat present at emergence, survival, dispersal, availability to a range of baits, diet, speed of taking a first meal, wing damage and insemination rate. Although the blood-meal identifications for marked female G. morsitans were similar to those for both sexes of unmarked flies, blood-meals from marked males showed a relatively high proportion of bovid identifications. Unmarked flies caught were generally older than marked catches. The ratio of females to males in unmarked samples (1:1 for G. morsitans, 2:1 for G. pallidipes) was roughly double that in marked catches.

Variation in the pteridine content in the heads of tsetse flies (Diptera: Glossinidae: Glossina Wiedemann): evidence for genetic control

1996 ◽  
Vol 74 (4) ◽  
pp. 621-626 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. S. Mclntyre ◽  
R. H. Gooding
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Control ◽  
Glossina Morsitans Morsitans ◽  
Head Capsule ◽  
Tsetse Flies ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Glossina Morsitans ◽  
Eye Color ◽  
Eye Color Mutants ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Glossina Palpalis

The pteridine content of the head capsule of teneral flies from 11 genetically selected lines (including eye-color mutants) of Glossina morsitans morsitans Westwood and Glossina palpalis palpalis Robineau-Desvoidy was examined using fluorescence spectroscopy. Wild-type G. p. palpalis had a greater pteridine content than did wild-type G. m. morsitans. Within G. m. morsitans there was a 25% variation in fluorescence values between genetic lines. Wild-type G. p. palpalis had the same pteridine content as brick mutants but more than tan mutants; in G. m. morsitans the salmon mutants had a higher pteridine content than did wild-type flies. Pteridine content did not account for the difference in eye color between male and female brick mutants. Accumulation of pteridines was not influenced by genotype in young flies, but in older flies salmon mutants accumulated pteridines more rapidly than did wild-type flies. Young flies, both wild type and salmon, accumulated pteridines more rapidly than did old flies. The results of the analysis of head capsule fluorescence in males from the parental lines and F1 and F2 generations of reciprocal crosses of the G. m. morsitans lines with the highest and lowest pteridine contents revealed that genetic control of pteridine content lies on the X chromosome and on one autosome.

Digestive processes of haematophagous insects. XIV. Haemolytic activity in the midgut of Glossina morsitans morsitans Westwood (Diptera: Glossinidae)

1977 ◽  
Vol 55 (11) ◽  
pp. 1899-1905 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. H. Gooding
Keyword(s):  
Cytochrome C ◽  
Serum Proteins ◽  
Glossina Morsitans Morsitans ◽  
Maximum Activity ◽  
Haemolytic Activity ◽  
Tsetse Flies ◽  
Glossina Morsitans ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Isotonic Buffer ◽  
Midgut Lumen

A haemolytic agent (haemolysin), which lysed rabbit erythrocytes in an isotonic buffer. occurred in the digestive section of the midgut of adult male and female tsetse flies (Glossina morsitans) but not in the anterior, nondigestive section of the midgut. Haemolysin from females also lysed horse, cow, and pig erythrocytes, and it occurred in the midgut lumen but not in the midgut wall 6, 24. and 48 h after feeding. Little or no haemolysin was present in unfed flies but it was present in the midgut by 3 h after feeding on a rabbit: maximum activity occurred in the midgut 24–48 h after feeding. Flies fed on a meal containing 20 μg or more puromycin/ml produced only small quantities of haemolysin. Flies fed upon erythrocytes, haemoglobin, methaemoglobin, and myoglobin produced large quantities of haemolysin while those fed upon erythrocyte stroma, serum proteins, cytochrome c, or 1 mM ATP in 0.85% NaCl did not.

Forty generations of inbreeding of Glossina morsitans morsitans Westwood (Diptera: Glossinidae)

1980 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 557-562 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Jordan
Keyword(s):  
Glossina Morsitans Morsitans ◽  
Inbreeding Coefficient ◽  
Subsequent Generation ◽  
Female Fecundity ◽  
Glossina Morsitans ◽  
Single Male ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Laboratory Colony ◽  
Parent Colony ◽  
Laboratory Colonies

AbstractA single male and female were removed from a well-established laboratory colony of Glossina morsitans morsitans Westw. and became the parents of an inbred stock. In general, each subsequent generation comprised ten randomly selected females mated to one of three randomly selected males, both sexes being offspring of the preceding generation. The inbred stock was fed on the ears of rabbits for 40 generations, over a period of almost eight years. Performance, in terms of length of female life, female fecundity, number and weight of puparia produced, effective emergence rate from puparia and sex ratio of emerged flies showed little variation between generations. By generation 40, the inbreeding coefficient was 0·9347; over the same eight years, the inbreeding coefficient of the parent colony of G. m. morsitans was less than 0·0303. It is concluded that the risks of inbreeding having deleterious effects on laboratory colonies of Glossina are slight.

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