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Medicina ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 105
Author(s):  
Sławomir Milczarek ◽  
Ewa Studniak ◽  
Bartłomiej Baumert ◽  
Michał Janowski ◽  
Wioleta Bonda ◽  
...  

We present a unique case of a young woman with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with complex karyotype. The presence of the t(4;11)(q23;p15) is extremely rare in myeloid leukemias, while t(4;8)(q32;q13) has not yet been described in any leukemia reference. Another interesting issue is the familial aggregation of myeloid malignancies and worse course of the disease in each subsequent generation, as well as an earlier onset of the disease. Our report emphasizes the need for thorough pedigree examination upon myeloid malignancy diagnosis as there are relatives for whom counseling, gene testing, and surveillance may be highly advisable.


2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongping He ◽  
Xiao Wu ◽  
Haiyang Xian ◽  
Jianxi Zhu ◽  
Yiping Yang ◽  
...  

AbstractThe evolution of oxygenic photosynthesis is a pivotal event in Earth’s history because the O2 released fundamentally changed the planet’s redox state and facilitated the emergence of multicellular life. An intriguing hypothesis proposes that hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) once acted as the electron donor prior to the evolution of oxygenic photosynthesis, but its abundance during the Archean would have been limited. Here, we report a previously unrecognized abiotic pathway for Archean H2O2 production that involves the abrasion of quartz surfaces and the subsequent generation of surface-bound radicals that can efficiently oxidize H2O to H2O2 and O2. We propose that in turbulent subaqueous environments, such as rivers, estuaries and deltas, this process could have provided a sufficient H2O2 source that led to the generation of biogenic O2, creating an evolutionary impetus for the origin of oxygenic photosynthesis.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Han Na Suh ◽  
Moon Jong Kim ◽  
Sung Ho Lee ◽  
Sohee Jun ◽  
Jie Zhang ◽  
...  

ABSTRACTThe expression of TERT (telomerase reverse transcriptase) has been implicated in stem and progenitor cells, which are essential for tissue homeostasis and regeneration. However, the roles of TERT-expressing cells in the pancreas remain elusive. Employing genetically engineered Tert knock-in mouse model, herein, we located a rare population of Tert+ acinar cells. While Tert+ cells are quiescent in normal conditions, acinar cell injury leads to mitotic activation of Tert+ cells and subsequent generation of new acinar cells. Moreover, the genetic ablation of Tert+ cells impairs pancreatic regeneration. We further found that Yap/Taz activation is required for the expansion of Tert+ acinar cells. Our results identified Tert+ acinar cells as a distinct subset of acinar cells, which contributes to pancreatic regeneration via Yap/Taz activation.


2021 ◽  
pp. 189-194
Author(s):  
Edward Shorter

It is a great irony that none of the later drugs equaled those of the “golden years” of the 1950s, as though no subsequent generation of railway locomotives equaled the Iron Horse of the pioneers. Lithium remains the agent nonpareil for mood disorders but no subsequent “antidepressants” were ever the equal of imipramine and other tricyclics. The lack of progress in psychopharmacology was caused by the pharmaceutical industry’s taking over clinical trials. The 1962 Kefauver-Harris amendments triggered drug trials’ becoming so expensive that the incentive to try bold new experiments was minimal. The beginning of the great pivot of investigator-led to industry-led trials in the 1980s occurred as the “medical advisors” of pharmaceutical companies became responsible for collating the data as it came in from the various centers.


2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Darpan Saraswat ◽  
Hani J. Shayya ◽  
Jessie J. Polanco ◽  
Ajai Tripathi ◽  
R. Ross Welliver ◽  
...  

AbstractChronic demyelination in the human CNS is characterized by an inhibitory microenvironment that impairs recruitment and differentiation of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) leading to failed remyelination and axonal atrophy. By network-based transcriptomics, we identified sulfatase 2 (Sulf2) mRNA in activated human primary OPCs. Sulf2, an extracellular endosulfatase, modulates the signaling microenvironment by editing the pattern of sulfation on heparan sulfate proteoglycans. We found that Sulf2 was increased in demyelinating lesions in multiple sclerosis and was actively secreted by human OPCs. In experimental demyelination, elevated OPC Sulf1/2 expression directly impaired progenitor recruitment and subsequent generation of oligodendrocytes thereby limiting remyelination. Sulf1/2 potentiates the inhibitory microenvironment by promoting BMP and WNT signaling in OPCs. Importantly, pharmacological sulfatase inhibition using PI-88 accelerated oligodendrocyte recruitment and remyelination by blocking OPC-expressed sulfatases. Our findings define an important inhibitory role of Sulf1/2 and highlight the potential for modulation of the heparanome in the treatment of chronic demyelinating disease.


Author(s):  
A. T. M. Shamsul Huda

Among the legacies of technical assistance in Public Administration to developing countries, the most notable is the network of institutions devoted to training, education and research in the field. The failure of Anzerican Public Administration did not necessarily lead to a rejection of Public Administration as a worthy subject for continued study and research. Rather such a failure was responsible for an intensive search to find out as to what had gone wrong in the field. The outcoine of the process has informed subsequent generation of academicialls and practitioners about the dangers of indiscriminate tlnnsfer of teclmologies developed ~n the western world to the developing countries. Even when some technologies that may seem relevant will need considerable ~liodificationp rior to their introductionin a different culture. What has come to be known as "ecology" in Public Administration is considered an important determinant in technology transfer.


LaGeografia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 201
Author(s):  
Rosmini Maru ◽  
Nasiah Badwi ◽  
Ibrahim Abbas ◽  
Sudirman Sudirman ◽  
Nurfadillah Nurfadillah ◽  
...  

This research is basic research that aims to reveal the event of silkworm cultivation in Enrekang Regency, also as how the opportunities and challenges faced within the future. Furthermore, the long-term goal of this research is to take care of and increase silk production to satisfy local, national, and export needs, with the hope of accelerating people's income, local native income (PAD), and foreign exchange. The method used may be a survey to watch and measure various influential variables. Data utilized in the shape of secondary and first data. The data analysis used is a cartographic analysis. supporting factors for the event of silkworm cultivation in Enrekang subdistrict are; the simplest quality, abundant sources of feed, abundant human resources, sheltered by state-owned enterprises, near the axis roads, tools and cultivation materials are available and easy to obtain, cooperation with other regions, cheap seeds, high purchasing power, and government visits and tourists. supporting factors there also are factors inhibiting the event of silkworm cultivation in Enrekang Regency, namely: it's begun to be left behind, caterpillars are too sensitive, simple cultivation techniques, alittle amount of harvest, cultivation of households (nongroup), the transfer of murberi land functions, uncertain climate, the breakup of subsequent generation, promising work and yarn / imported fabrics.


2021 ◽  
Vol 9s3 ◽  
pp. 29-50
Author(s):  
Lynn Hodeib

This article examines how objects embedded in the domestic life of the generation of the Lebanese civil war and the subsequent generations evoke stories that disrupt the state�s hegemonic production of history. The article explores stories surrounding two objects that survived the war, and took on residues of memory later heard and retold by the subsequent generation. These objects illuminate ways in which the legacy of intergenerational memory is produced and transmitted�and how these alternative spaces and stories emerge in present struggles, including the October 2019 revolution. In the first section, the article examines how material objects operate as intergenerational symbols of the experiences of war and as media for the process of narrativisation. In the second section, the argument explores the role of the material as a witness to what resists language and as a locus to memory�s temporality. In the third section, the article looks into the affective dimension of the material object as it provokes an opening to narration and challenges linear understandings of history. This search through material and domestic objects seeks stories that resist closure, and is essential to understanding today�s struggle against the Lebanese political class.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allan Watson ◽  
Nicola Bell ◽  
Chao Xu ◽  
James Fyfe ◽  
Julien Vantourout ◽  
...  

Metal-catalyzed C–N cross-coupling generally forms C–N bonds by reductive elimination from metal complexes bearing covalent C- and N-ligands. We have identified a Cu-mediated C–N cross-coupling that uses a dative N-ligand in the bond forming event, which, in contrast to conventional methods, generates reactive cationic products. Mechanistic studies suggest the process operates via transmetalation of an aryl organoboron to a Cu(II) complex bearing neutral N-ligands, such as nitriles or N-heterocycles. Subsequent generation of a putative Cu(III) complex enables the oxidative C–N coupling to take place, delivering nitrilium intermediates and pyridinium products. The reaction is general for a range of N(sp) and N(sp<sup>2</sup>) precursors and can be applied to drug synthesis and late-stage N-arylation, and the limitations in the methodology are mechanistically evidenced.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allan Watson ◽  
Nicola Bell ◽  
Chao Xu ◽  
James Fyfe ◽  
Julien Vantourout ◽  
...  

Metal-catalyzed C–N cross-coupling generally forms C–N bonds by reductive elimination from metal complexes bearing covalent C- and N-ligands. We have identified a Cu-mediated C–N cross-coupling that uses a dative N-ligand in the bond forming event, which, in contrast to conventional methods, generates reactive cationic products. Mechanistic studies suggest the process operates via transmetalation of an aryl organoboron to a Cu(II) complex bearing neutral N-ligands, such as nitriles or N-heterocycles. Subsequent generation of a putative Cu(III) complex enables the oxidative C–N coupling to take place, delivering nitrilium intermediates and pyridinium products. The reaction is general for a range of N(sp) and N(sp<sup>2</sup>) precursors and can be applied to drug synthesis and late-stage N-arylation, and the limitations in the methodology are mechanistically evidenced.


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