Combinations of applications of a chitin synthesis inhibitor and inundative releases of egg parasitoids against the false codling moth, Cryptophlebia leucotreta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), on citrus

1989 ◽  
Vol 79 (3) ◽  
pp. 507-519 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip J. Newton
Keyword(s):  
Codling Moth ◽  
Significant Degree ◽  
Egg Parasitoid ◽  
Chitin Synthesis ◽  
Synthesis Inhibitor ◽  
Chitin Synthesis Inhibitor ◽  
False Codling Moth ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Cryptophlebia Leucotreta ◽  
Inundative Releases

AbstractA commercial trial of different strategies for suppressing damage by Cryptophlebia leucotreta (Meyrick) to citrus was made in the Transvaal lowveld, South Africa. Different regimes tested were applications of the chitin synthesis inhibitor teflubenzuron at 60 mg a.i./litre and ca 30 litres/tree, inundative releases of the egg parasitoid Trichogrammatoidea cryptophlebiae Nagaraja, and a combination of the two. One objective was to examine whether application of the insecticide earlier in the season than usually recommended would enhance the subsequent impact of parasitoids, native or released. It was found that parasitoid releases throughout the season (1.3 million/ha in total) produced the best overall reduction in damage by C. leucotreta. This was due largely to their better performance than that of any other strategy early in the season. Their impact in the later part of the season was not significantly different from that of release programmes which had begun at a later stage (0·6 million/ha). Very early applications of the teflubenzuron had no apparent impact on crop losses and did not enhance the impact of subsequent parasitoid releases to a significant degree. Teflubenzuron application at a recommended time later in the season was the most successful short-term approach, but its overall impact on crop loss was diminished by damage during the unprotected period before its application. A more appropriate management programme against C. leucotreta might therefore be to combine inundative releases of parasitoids early in the season with later applications of teflubenzuron if economic thresholds show they are required. The two approaches should not be concurrent since parasitoid activity was suppressed by the chitin synthesis inhibitor.

Movement and impact of Trichogrammatoidea cryptophlebiae Nagaraja (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) in citrus orchards after inundative releases against the false codling moth, Cryptophlebia leucotreta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)

1988 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip J. Newton
Keyword(s):  
Codling Moth ◽  
Egg Parasitoid ◽  
Linear Increase ◽  
Crop Damage ◽  
Larval Population ◽  
Important Pest ◽  
False Codling Moth ◽  
Pest Density ◽  
Cryptophlebia Leucotreta ◽  
Inundative Releases

AbstractInundative releases of the indigenous egg parasitoid Trichogrammatoidea cryptophlebiae Nagaraja were made against Cryptophlebia leucotreta (Meyrick) in two sweet orange orchards in the Transvaal lowveld, South Africa. The rate of parasitism was raised to similar levels in the two release areas, but there was a significant decrease in crop damage in only one of them. Although the larval population was twice as large in a control orchard, the losses there were compensated for by a larger total crop. Three explanations for the different performances of the parasitoids are examined. Movement away from release areas was not apparent. Rates of parasitism at the tops or bottoms of trees or at the four cardinal aspects were not significantly different overall but should have been to compensate for the linear increase in numbers of host eggs with height, and the larger numbers on the warmer northern and eastern sides of trees. Parasitism was higher at the tree tops than at the bottoms in the orchard that lost the least fruit. The stochastic processes governing host-egg distribution on fruit were also important. Pest density was higher in the release areas than the control, and eggs were distributed more contagiously in the orchard with the most crop loss.

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF AN INSECT CHITIN SYNTHESIS INHIBITOR ON HONEY BEES

Apidologie ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. W. HERBERT ◽  
R. J. ARGAUER ◽  
H. SHIMANUKI
Keyword(s):  
Honey Bees ◽  
Chitin Synthesis ◽  
Synthesis Inhibitor ◽  
Chitin Synthesis Inhibitor

Field-evolved resistance to chitin synthesis inhibitor insecticides by soybean looper, Chrysodeixis includens (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), in Brazil

Chemosphere ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 259 ◽  
pp. 127499
Author(s):  
Regis F. Stacke ◽  
Daniela N. Godoy ◽  
Venicius E. Pretto ◽  
Fábio M. Führ ◽  
Patricia da S. Gubiani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chitin Synthesis ◽  
Synthesis Inhibitor ◽  
Chitin Synthesis Inhibitor ◽  
Soybean Looper ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae ◽  
Chrysodeixis Includens

scholarly journals Development-Disrupting Chitin Synthesis Inhibitor, Novaluron, Reprogramming the Chitin Degradation Mechanism of Red Palm Weevils

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (23) ◽  
pp. 4304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abid Hussain ◽  
Ahmed Mohammed AlJabr ◽  
Hassan Al-Ayedh
Keyword(s):  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Invasive Pest ◽  
Chitin Synthesis ◽  
Red Palm Weevil ◽  
Synthesis Inhibitor ◽  
Chitin Degradation ◽  
Palm Weevil ◽  
Chitin Synthesis Inhibitor ◽  
Mortality Response ◽  
Study Laboratory

Disruption in chitin regulation by using chitin synthesis inhibitor (novaluron) was investigated to gain insights into the biological activity of chitinase in red palm weevils, an invasive pest of date palms in the Middle East. Impact of novaluron against ninth instar red palm weevil larvae was examined by dose-mortality response bioassays, nutritional indices, and expression patterns of chitinase genes characterized in this study. Laboratory bioassays revealed dose-dependent mortality response of ninth-instar red palm weevil larvae with LD50 of 14.77 ppm of novaluron. Dietary growth analysis performed using different doses of novaluron (30, 25, 20, 15, 10, and 5 ppm) exhibited very high reduction in their indexes such as Efficacy of Conversion of Digested Food (82.38%) and Efficacy of Conversion of Ingested Food (74.27%), compared with control treatment. Transcriptomic analysis of red palm weevil larvae characterized numerous genes involved in chitin degradation including chitinase, chitinase-3-like protein 2, chitinase domain-containing protein 1, Endochitinase-like, chitinase 3, and chitin binding peritrophin-a domain. However, quantitative expression patterns of these genes in response to novaluron-fed larvae revealed tissue-specific time-dependent expression patterns. We recorded overexpression of all genes from mid-gut tissues. Growth retarding, chitin remodeling and larvicidal potential suggest novaluron as a promising alternate for Rhynchophorus ferrugineus management.

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