scholarly journals Molecular analysis of opaque-2 alleles from Zea mays L. reveals the nature of mutational events and the presence of a hypervariable region in the 5′ part of the gene

1995 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans Hartings ◽  
Nadia Lazzaroni ◽  
Vincenzo Rossi ◽  
Giorgia R. Riboldi ◽  
Richard D. Thompson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Molecular Analysis ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Molecular Level ◽  
Hypervariable Region ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Terminal Part ◽  
Recessive Character ◽  
High Level ◽  
Possible Cause

SummaryTen recessive Opaque-2 (O2) alleles of independent origin were characterized at the molecular level. The results revealed a high level of polymorphism at the O2 locus. In addition, our data suggest the possible cause for the recessive character of some of the alleles investigated, and allow us to infer some conclusions concerning the degree of relationship between the o2 mutations. Comparison of genomic sequences spanning the first exon and obtained from a series of wild-type and recessive alleles revealed the presence of a hypervariable region, involving different dipeptides, in the N-terminal part of the O2 protein.

scholarly journals The molecular analysis of the el-noc complex of Drosophila melanogaster.

Genetics ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 126 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-119
Author(s):  
T Davis ◽  
J Trenear ◽  
M Ashburner
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Molecular Analysis ◽  
Molecular Level ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Distinct Phenotype

Abstract The el-noc complex spans a distance of about 200 kb on chromosome 2L. It consists of three discrete genetic regions el, l(2)35Ba and noc, each of which has a distinct phenotype when mutant. The noc locus itself is complex, including three separate regions. The el locus has been characterized by mapping 30 aberration breakpoints to the DNA. It extends over a distance of about 80 kb. It can be divided into two parts by the aberrations In(2LR)DTD128 and T(Y;2)A80. These break between two sets of el alleles yet are both phenotypically wild type for elbow. The simplest explanation is that el consists of two transcription units elA and elB. The locus pu, which appears to be unrelated to the el-noc complex, is found to map between the two el loci very close to elB (the distal el locus). The loci l(2)35Ba and nocA have been separated by only two l(2)35Ba+nocA- deletions and a nocA- inversion. No l(2)35Ba-nocA+ aberrations have been found. At the molecular level these loci are found to occupy almost the same region, and are probably identical.

Altered cytokinin distribution in the shootless maize mutant ed*41

2001 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriana Chiappetta ◽  
Walter de Witte ◽  
Milvia L. Racchi ◽  
Maria B. Bitonti ◽  
Henri van Onckelen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Apical Meristem ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Vascular Connection ◽  
Vascular Tissues ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Specific Synthesis

The distribution of cytokinins is strongly altered in seedlings of the shootless ed*41 mutant of maize (Zea mays L.), compared with wild-type. Immunolocalisation of zeatin and analysis of cytokinin levels clearly indicate that these hormones are not present in the shoot apex zone of the mutant. Since an anomalous differentiation of vascular tissues has also been observed in the mutant, a major role of vascular connection in hormone translocation affecting development of the shoot apical meristem is proposed. Immunolocalisation of zeatin was confined to the root cap, cortex and vascular tissues of both mutant and wild-type seedlings suggesting a tissue-specific synthesis of this hormone in the root. A time-course of cytokinin distribution in the wild-type developing shoot provided evidence that the tunica and corpus zones become competent to respond to cytokinins in subsequent periods, very probably in conjunction with photomorphogenesis. On the contrary, this pathway is totally disrupted in the mutant. Taken together, the data point to a relationship between the ed*41 mutation, inadequate vascular connection and disrupted hormone translocation.

Emerging effects of selected rhizosphere properties on transpiration and leaf water potential of two Zea mays L. genotypes in semi-arid environments

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tina Köhler ◽  
Daniel-Sebastian Moser ◽  
Ákos Botezatu ◽  
Jana Kholova ◽  
Andrea Carminati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Water Potential ◽  
Leaf Water Potential ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Root Hairs ◽  
Leaf Water ◽  
Soil Drying ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Stomatal Regulation ◽  
Semi Arid

<p>Understanding the mechanisms that control water use of plants exposed to soil drying and increasing vapour pressure deficit (VPD) has important implications for crop growth in semi-arid regions with low-input agriculture. In particular, the effect of belowground processes on transpiration and stomatal regulation remains controversial. Objective of this study was to understand the role of soil properties and root hairs (as an example of rhizosphere traits) on transpiration and leaf water potential. We hypothesize that root hairs facilitate the water extraction from drying soils, particularly at high VPD, and that this impacts the relation between transpiration rate and leaf water potential. We further hypothesize that stomatal regulation attenuates the drop in leaf water potential when the soil water flow cannot match the transpiration demand and thus emphasizes the importance of root hairs on transpiration rates during soil drying.</p><p>We compared maize (Zea mays L.) with (wild-type) and without (mutant) root hairs in three different soil substrates (Alfisol, Vertisol and Sandy Soil). Transpiration and leaf water potential were monitored at varying VPD and soil moistures during soil drying. The hairless mutant showed a higher transpiration in wet soils but declined transpiration at greater water contents as compared to the wild-type. Under well-watered conditions, both genotypes had the highest transpiration rates in Vertisol. In Vertisol, both genotypes closed their stomata at relatively higher water content levels. The relation between transpiration and soil moisture strongly varied between soils. No obvious differences between the genotypes were visible in the relationship between leaf water potential and transpiration. This is explained by the prompt closure of stomata. This study provides experimental evidence of the strong link between stomatal regulation and soil-root hydraulic properties.</p>

The concentrations and distribution of phytic acid-phosphorus and other mineral nutrients in wild-type and low phytic acid1-1 (lpa1-1) corn (Zea mays L.) grains and grain parts

2005 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lan Lin ◽  
Irene Ockenden ◽  
John NA Lott
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Phytic Acid ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Mineral Nutrients ◽  
Mineral Nutrient ◽  
Aleurone Layer ◽  
Whole Grain ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Cereal Embryos ◽  
P Distribution

A comparison of mineral nutrient and phytic acid-phosphorus (PA-P) distribution in the grains of wild-type (WT) and low phytic acid1-1 (lpa1-1) corn (Zea mays L.) was conducted to determine how the lpa1-1 mutation influences mineral element concentrations in different grain parts and impacts the structure of phosphorus-rich inclusions (globoids) in the grain cells. This is the first report regarding total phosphorus (P) and PA-P concentrations in scutellum and root-shoot axis portions of cereal embryos of WT in comparison to its matching lpa1-1 genotype. In WT, 95% of the grain PA-P was located in the embryo, mostly in the scutellum. The lpa1-1 mutation reduced whole-grain PA-P by 62% but influenced the scutella more than the root-shoot axes and rest-of-grain fractions. In spite of the lpa1-1 mutants containing greatly reduced PA-P, whole-grain amounts of Mg, Fe, and Mn were higher in lpa1-1 than in WT, K and Zn were similar, and Ca was lower. Iron was 1/3 higher in lpa1-1 grains than WT while Ca was 18% lower. Decreased phytic acid in lpa1-1 grains resulted in reduction in globoid size in both scutellum and aleurone layer cells. Most lpa1-1 aleurone globoids were non-spherical and scutellum globoids were clusters of small spheres while WT globoids were large discrete spheres. X-ray analyses of globoids in both grain types revealed major amounts of P, K, and Mg and traces of Ca, Fe, and Zn. Both grain types contained almost no mineral nutrient stores in the starchy endosperm.Key words: corn (Zea mays L.), phytic acid-phosphorus, low phytic acid1-1 (lpa1-1) grains, mineral nutrients, globoids, electron microscopy.

scholarly journals Correction to: Molecular analysis of maize (Zea mays L.)-infecting mastreviruses in Ethiopia reveals marked diversity of virus genomes and a novel species

Virus Genes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 346-346
Author(s):  
Demsachew Guadie ◽  
Kassahun Tesfaye ◽  
Dennis Knierim ◽  
Stephan Winter ◽  
Adane Abraham
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Molecular Analysis ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Novel Species ◽  
Virus Genomes

Influences of high-level atmospheric gaseous elemental mercury on methylmercury accumulation in maize (Zea mays L.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 265 ◽  
pp. 114890
Author(s):  
Ting Sun ◽  
Zhangwei Wang ◽  
Xiaoshan Zhang ◽  
Zhenchuan Niu ◽  
Jian Chen
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Elemental Mercury ◽  
Gaseous Elemental Mercury ◽  
High Level

scholarly journals Physiological response, molecular analysis and water use efficiency of maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids grown under various irrigation regimes

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (29) ◽  
pp. 2966-2976
Author(s):  
Adamu Chigign ◽  
Kumar B. N. Aravinda ◽  
S. Rajkumara ◽  
B. R. Patil ◽  
H. Y. Patil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Molecular Analysis ◽  
Physiological Response ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Irrigation Regimes ◽  
Use Efficiency

First Report of Curvularia Leaf Spot of Corn, Caused by Curvularia lunata, in the United States

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 140-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Garcia-Aroca ◽  
V. Doyle ◽  
R. Singh ◽  
T. Price ◽  
Keith Collins
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Zea Mays ◽  
Molecular Analysis ◽  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
The United States ◽  
Curvularia Lunata ◽  
First Report ◽  
Corn Plants ◽  
Production Areas

During the summer of 2017, corn (Zea mays L.) in production areas throughout Louisiana exhibited symptoms similar to eyespot, caused by Kabatiella zeae (Narita & Y. Hirats). Symptoms included round to oval, light tan to light brown lesions (0.5 to 2.0-mm diameter) with reddish-brown margins often with chlorotic halos in the mid to upper canopy of corn at the brown silk stage. The disease was not severe enough to warrant management; however, it was a concern to corn producers. Symptomatic leaves were obtained from diseased corn, lesion margins were disinfested, and the suspected pathogen was isolated and tentatively identified as Curvularia lunata. Koch’s postulates were completed by inoculating V4 to V5 stage corn plants with a spore suspension and subjecting plants to a 16-h dew period at 25°C, observing symptomology, reisolating the pathogen, and identification via molecular analysis. To our knowledge this is the first report of the disease in Louisiana and the United States.

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