An Experimental Synthesis of Quartz, Albite, and Analcite

1950 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilbert Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Critical Temperature ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Temperature Difference ◽  
Quartz Sand ◽  
Sodium Aluminate

AbstractQuartz sand, sodium aluminate and water were heated together in a bomb to above the critical temperature. The apparatus was designed to give a temperature difference of about 100°C. between the two ends of the bomb. Quartz, albite, and analcite were formed in the low temperature end of the bomb.

BOSE–EINSTEIN STATISTICS IN A DISCRETE SPECTRUM TRAP

2004 ◽  
Vol 18 (04n05) ◽  
pp. 555-563 ◽  
Author(s):  
ENRICO CELEGHINI ◽  
MARIO RASETTI
Keyword(s):  
Critical Temperature ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Specific Heat ◽  
Discrete Spectrum ◽  
Harmonic Trap ◽  
Statistical Properties ◽  
Bose Einstein ◽  
The Continuum

A detailed description of the statistical properties of a system of bosons in a harmonic trap at low temperature, which is expected to bear on the process of BE condensation, is given resorting only to the basic postulates of Gibbs and Bose, without assuming equipartition nor continuum statistics. Below Tc such discrete spectrum theory predicts for the thermo-dynamical variables a behavior different from the continuum case. In particular a new critical temperature Td emerges where the specific heat exhibits a λ-like spike.

Crystalline-To-Amorphous Transformation of Intermetallic Compounds in the Zr-Fe-M System Induced by Irradiation

1994 ◽  
Vol 373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur T. Motta ◽  
Lawrence M. Howe ◽  
Paul R. Okamoto
Keyword(s):  
Critical Temperature ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Dose Rate ◽  
Intermetallic Compounds ◽  
Electron Energy ◽  
Energy Dependence ◽  
Electron Irradiation ◽  
Critical Temperatures ◽  
Lower Critical Temperature ◽  
Ternary Intermetallic Compounds

AbstractThe binary and ternary intermetallic compounds Zr3Fe, Zr2 Fe, (Zr0.5,Nb0.5)3Fe, Zr3(Fe0.9,Ni0.1) and Zr3(Fe0.5,Ni0.5) were subjected to 900 keV electron irradiation until amorphous to study the change in the dose-to-amorphization with temperature. The critical temperatures were observed to vary with dose rate, and with the type of compound. Hexagonal (Zr0.5,Nb0.5)3Fe had an appreciably lower critical temperature and higher dose to amorphization at low temperature than orthorombic Zr3Fe, whereas other orthorombic Zr3(Fex,NiI-x) compounds were essentially identical in behavior to Zr3Fe. The electron energy dependence of the dose-to-amorphization was studied in Zr3Fe between 250 and 900 keV. The analysis of the results gives displacement energies of EZrd = 26 eV, EFed = 18 eV in the Zr3Fe compound.

scholarly journals Thermo-voltage measurements of atomic contacts at low temperature

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 767-775 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayelet Ofarim ◽  
Bastian Kopp ◽  
Thomas Möller ◽  
León Martin ◽  
Johannes Boneberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Temperature Difference ◽  
Laser Heating ◽  
Laser Source ◽  
Break Junction ◽  
Resistance Change ◽  
Element Simulation ◽  
Novel Method

We report the development of a novel method to determine the thermopower of atomic-sized gold contacts at low temperature. For these measurements a mechanically controllable break junction (MCBJ) system is used and a laser source generates a temperature difference of a few kelvins across the junction to create a thermo-voltage. Since the temperature difference enters directly into the Seebeck coefficient S = −ΔV/ΔT, the determination of the temperature plays an important role. We present a method for the determination of the temperature difference using a combination of a finite element simulation, which reveals the temperature distribution of the sample, and the measurement of the resistance change due to laser heating of sensor leads on both sides next to the junction. Our results for the measured thermopower are in agreement with recent reports in the literature.

ON CONDENSATION IN NON-IDEAL BOSE GAS

1989 ◽  
Vol 03 (06) ◽  
pp. 471-478
Author(s):  
D.P. SANKOVICH
Keyword(s):  
Critical Temperature ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Upper Bound ◽  
Bose Gas ◽  
The One ◽  
Ideal Bose Gas

A model of the non-ideal Bose gas is considered. We prove the existence of condensate in the model at sufficiently low temperature. The method of majorizing estimates for the Duhamel Two Point Functions is used. The equation for the critical temperature and the upper bound for the one-particle excitations energy are obtained.

Early Development Of A 100 Watt Low Temperature Difference Stirling Engine

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthias Lottmann ◽  
Zachary C. de Rouyan ◽  
Linda Hasanovich ◽  
Steven M. W. Middleton ◽  
Michael Nicol-Seto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Early Development ◽  
Temperature Difference ◽  
Stirling Engine
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