Child mortality levels and survival patterns from Southern Sudan

1990 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 365-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric A. Roth ◽  
K. Balan Kurup
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Child Survival ◽  
Oral Rehydration Therapy ◽  
Childhood Mortality ◽  
Care Programme ◽  
Southern Sudan ◽  
Oral Rehydration ◽  
Survival Patterns

SummaryData from a 1985 survey in two major population centres in Southern Sudan, Juba and Wau, were analysed in order to assess childhood mortality levels and the effect of UNICEF's health care programme. There are continuing high levels of childhood mortality. Logistic regression analysis shows significant positive associations between child survival and immunization, oral rehydration therapy and maternal education.

Maternal schooling and childhood mortality

1989 ◽  
Vol 21 (S10) ◽  
pp. 13-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Cleland ◽  
Jerome van Ginneken
Keyword(s):  
Birth Rate ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Time Lag ◽  
Child Survival ◽  
Family Characteristics ◽  
Childhood Mortality ◽  
Maternal Schooling ◽  
Specific Influence ◽  
Ibadan Nigeria

There is nothing new about the belief that the spread of education with its influence on knowledge and outlook is a central force behind the demographic transition. In 1934 Penrose wrote: ‘when a community has gained the knowledge and acquired the habits necessary to reduce the death rate it will sooner or later gain the knowledge and acquire the habits necessary to reduce the birth rate. There may be time lag between the two processes, but both of them in a large share are the outcome of education’ (Penrose, 1934). It is thus surprising that investigation of the specific influence of parental education on the mortality of children in developing countries was neglected until Caldwell's (1979) analysis of survey data from Ibadan, Nigeria, which demonstrated that mother's education was a more decisive determinant of child survival than other family characteristics such as husband's occupation and education. Other studies followed this influential investigation. The greater contribution to mortality decline of educational advance compared to health care provision, it has been argued, is a contribution to the development versus medical technology debate (Mosley, 1985). Inevitably the beginnings of a counter-reaction may be discerned. Caldwell (1986) stressed that the influence of education should not be considered in isolation from the wider context, while Cooksey et al. (1986, unpublished) consider that the effect of maternal education may have been exaggerated.

Training Rural Health Staff for Oral Rehydration Therapy in Southern Sudan

1984 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 151-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ole Mathis Hetta ◽  
Karl-Johan Lundstrøm
Keyword(s):  
Rural Health ◽  
Oral Rehydration Therapy ◽  
Health Staff ◽  
Southern Sudan ◽  
Oral Rehydration

scholarly journals Primary Health Care by Vhembe women in the Limpopo province of South Africa: Knowledge and Practice

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-101
Author(s):  
Kyei KA ◽  
Spio K .
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Limpopo Province ◽  
Childhood Mortality ◽  
Sample Survey ◽  
Oral Rehydration ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Women And Children

Child mortality has increased in South Africa since 1990, despite a national policy of free primary healthcare for pregnant women and children under the age of five years. A significant number of women and children die during childbirth and 40% of stillbirths happen during labour. Lack of sufficient knowledge about primary health care (PHC) is costing South Africa greatly because many of the deaths of mothers, babies and young children could be avoided. Teenagers conceal pregnancy and that adds to higher risk of death among themselves and their unborn babies. Almost a half of all new-born babies die during the first 24 hours of birth, and 75% die in their first week of life. This study looks at primary health care by women in Vhembe by identifying knowledge and skills they possess to deal with health care issues. A 3-stage sample survey was conducted covering all the municipalities in the district. About 2660 women aged between 13 and 50 years were interviewed using structured questionnaire. Applying various statistical methods including logistic and regression modelling, this study shows that majority of the respondents know about PHC and that age and education of women are important factors affecting child’s health and survival in the Vhembe district. If Limpopo wants to reduce childhood mortality, this study recommends that efforts be made to educate women, especially teenagers about primary health care, immunization, oral rehydration therapy and attendance at clinics for pre-natal medical check-ups during pregnancy.

Oral rehydration therapy and its effect on child mortality in Egypt

1989 ◽  
Vol 21 (S10) ◽  
pp. 105-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hoda Rashad
Keyword(s):  
Child Mortality ◽  
Acute Diarrhoea ◽  
Diarrhoeal Disease ◽  
Oral Rehydration Therapy ◽  
Childhood Mortality ◽  
National Programme ◽  
Oral Rehydration ◽  
Infant Deaths ◽  
Specific Mortality

A major Egyptian national programme for the control of diarrhoeal disease was launched in February 1984, with the aim of reducing the dehydration-specific mortality resulting from acute diarrhoea (52% of all infant deaths in 1979) and thus to reduce overall infant and childhood mortality.

scholarly journals Impact of the Liberian National Community Health Assistant Program on Childhood Illness Treatment in Grand Bassa County, Liberia: A Difference-in-Differences Analysis of Population-Based Data

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily White ◽  
Savior Mendin ◽  
Featha R. Kolubah ◽  
Robert Karlay ◽  
Ben Grant ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Health ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Oral Rehydration Therapy ◽  
Household Wealth ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Difference In Differences ◽  
Oral Rehydration ◽  
National Community ◽  
Malaria Rapid Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Health Assistant

Liberia launched its National Community Health Assistant Program in 2016, which seeks to ensure that all people living 5 kilometers or farther from a health facility have access to trained, supplied, supervised, and paid community health workers (CHWs). This study aims to evaluate the impact of the national program following implementation in Grand Bassa County in 2018 using data from population-based surveys. We measured before-to-after changes in childhood treatment from qualified providers in a portion of the county that implemented in a first phase compared to those which had not yet implemented. We also assessed changes in whether children received oral rehydration therapy for diarrhea and malaria rapid diagnostic tests if they had a fever by a qualified provider (facility based or CHW). For these analyses, we used a difference-in-differences approach and adjusted for potential confounding using inverse probability of treatment weighting. We also assessed changes in the source from which care was received and examined changes by key dimensions of equity (distance from health facilities, maternal education, and household wealth). We found that treatment of childhood illness by a qualified provider increased by 60.3 percentage points (95%CI 44.7-76.0) more in intervention than comparison areas. Difference-in-differences for oral rehydration therapy and malaria rapid diagnostic tests were 37.6 (95%CI 19.5-55.8) and 38.5 (95%CI 19.9-57.0) percentage points, respectively. In intervention areas, treatment by a CHW increased from 0 to 81.6% and care from unqualified providers dropped. Increases in treatment by a qualified provider did not vary significantly by household wealth, remoteness, or maternal education. This evaluation found evidence that the Liberian National Community Health Assistant Program has increased access to effective treatment in rural Grand Bassa County. Improvements were approximately equal across three measured dimensions of marginalization.  

Child Survival in the Third World: A Functional Analysis of Oral Rehydration Therapy Dissemination Campaigns

1991 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yolanda Suarez de Balcazar ◽  
Fabricio E. Balcazar
Keyword(s):  
Child Survival ◽  
Acute Diarrhoea ◽  
Skills Training ◽  
Oral Rehydration Therapy ◽  
World Health ◽  
Oral Rehydration ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The Third World

About 4 million children die every year as a result of dehydration caused by acute diarrhoea. Oral rehydration therapy (ORT) is designed to prevent dehydration. In the past 10 years, several campaigns have been conducted throughout the world, mostly sponsored by the World Health Organization, to disseminate ORT, particularly in developing countries. This paper presents a review of 14 ORT campaigns categorising their components according to whether the researchers used antecedents, behaviours, and/or consequences. Only three campaigns manipulated all three components. Antecedent events were manipulated in all of the studies. A skills training component appears to influence the effectiveness of the campaign, since several new behaviours and complex discriminations need to be learned for people to use ORT correctly. The benefits of functionally analysing the components of current ORT campaigns are highlighted.

Interpersonal Education by Rural Yemeni Women for Promoting Child Survival and Maternal Health

1992 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-125
Author(s):  
Syed J. Haider ◽  
Mohammad Al-Hamly ◽  
Adel Barakat ◽  
John P. Elder ◽  
Anne H. Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Health ◽  
Child Survival ◽  
Oral Rehydration Therapy ◽  
Percent Correct ◽  
Oral Rehydration ◽  
Nutritional Health ◽  
Practice Questions ◽  
And Training ◽  
And Child Health ◽  
Training Effort

This study reports the results of an evaluation of an education and training effort for promoting diarrheal control, nutritional health and general maternal and child health among rural Yemeni women. Eight hundred and five volunteer women and men from twenty Yemeni villages in the governorates of Al Beida and Hajja, were trained to disseminate basic health messages to friends and neighbors in their villages. Evaluators visited four villages that had received the training and two that had not, to determine whether the dissemination had actually occurred. Mothers contacted by their recently-trained neighbors correctly responded to all knowledge and practice questions related to diarrhea control, oral rehydration therapy and breast feeding, whereas mothers in control villages averaged 60 percent correct responses. The results suggest the potential for interpersonal education for improving child survival and maternal health in Yemen.

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