Hypocholesterolemic effect of Lactobacillus gasseri SBT0270 in rats fed a cholesterol-enriched diet

2001 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 617-624 ◽  
Author(s):  
USMAN ◽  
AKIYOSHI HOSONO
Keyword(s):  
Effective Dose ◽  
Bile Acids ◽  
Serum Lipids ◽  
Enterohepatic Circulation ◽  
Faecal Coliform ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Hypocholesterolemic Effect ◽  
Feeding Period ◽  
Lactobacillus Gasseri ◽  
Viable Cells

The effects of administration of Lactobacillus gasseri SBT0270 on serum lipids and bile acids, faecal bile acids and microflora were estimated in hypercholesterolemic rats. An effective dose of strain SBT0270 to exert its hypocholesterolemic effect was 109 viable cells/d. The dose of 109 cells/d did not affect the faecal coliform counts, but the number of faecal lactobacilli in rats fed this dose was significantly higher than that in the control group observed at the end of feeding period. Hypocholesterolemic effect of Lb. gasseri SBT0270 was attributed to its ability to suppress the reabsorption of bile acids into the enterohepatic circulation and to enhance the excretion of acidic steroids in faeces of hypercholesterolemic rats.

scholarly journals ГІПОХОЛЕСТЕРОЛЕМІЧНА ДІЯ N–АЛКІЛАМІДОВАНОГО АЛЬГІНАТУ

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (3(71)) ◽  
pp. 59-62
Author(s):  
M. Marounek ◽  
Z. Volek ◽  
T. Taubner ◽  
D. Duškova ◽  
L. Kalachniuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bile Acids ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Alginic Acid ◽  
Enterohepatic Circulation ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Physiological Effects ◽  
Hypocholesterolemic Effect ◽  
Total Lipids ◽  
Removal Of Fat

It is known that in the process of digestion and absorption of nutrients, one of the key roles belongs to polysaccharides (among which there are alginic acid), which have the ability to increase viscosity and form a gel in the intestine. Previously, we studied the physiological effects of pectin, cellulose and their amidated derivatives that have demonstrated growth of hypocholesterolemic activity in the rats. From here, it was decided to investigate the hypocholesterolemic effect of N–alkylamidated alginate on laboratory animals. That’s why, female rats were fed according to three diets, namely the control (1) and two experimental (2 and 3), which contained cholesterol (10 g/kg) and different amounts N–alkylamidated alginate (0 and 40 g / kg, respectively), and all animals fed also palm oil. N–alkylamidated alginate significantly lowered the level of cholesterol (total and LDL) in serum and liver and of hepatic total lipids in the rats, which were on cholesterol–containing diet. In the faeces of animals that consumed N–alkylamidated alginate, it was observed increased concentrations of fat from 61 to 91 mg / g, while the concentration of cholesterol, bile acids and total sterols was not significantly changed.Hence, decrease cholesterolemia in rats (that consumed N–alkylamidated alginate) is probably based more on the removal of fat from the intestine, rather than on the interruption of enterohepatic circulation of cholesterol. 

scholarly journals INTESTINAL MECHANISMS OF ENTEROHEPATIC CIRCULATION DISTURBANCE OF BILE ACIDS IN CHOLELITHIASIS

2017 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ya. M. Vakhrushev ◽  
A. P. Lukashevich ◽  
A. Yu. Gorbunov ◽  
I. A. Penkina
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Bile Acids ◽  
Large Intestine ◽  
Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
Enterohepatic Circulation ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Bacterial Overgrowth ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Hydrogen Breath Test ◽  
Biochemical Examination

Background: Cholelithiasis is one of the most common diseases of the digestive system which affects all segments of the population and preserves a stable growth of incidence rates. In recent years the development of cholelithiasis is associated with impaired enterohepatic circulation (EHC) of bile acids (BA). The small intestine (SI) plays an important part in EHC of BA because 80‒90% of BA are absorbed into the blood after deconjugation by bacteria in the SI. However, in spite of a number of works dealing with the problem of EHC of BA at the intestinal level, the problem is far from being solved. Aims: To assess the association between the level of bile acids in the blood and bile of patients with cholelithiasis and disturbance of resorbing function of the small intestine as well as changes in the condition of the intestinal microbiota. Materials and methods: Non-randomized controlled trial. The study group included patients aged 18‒74 with lithogenic stage of cholelithiasis. The diagnosis was based on clinical data and the results of ultrasound examination of the gallbladder. Bile acids in the blood and bile were determined by mass spectrometry using the apparatus AmazonX (Bruker Daltonik GmbH, Bremen, Germany). Biochemical examination of bile was conducted. Absorption in the small intestine was studied by functional glucose tolerance test. Condition of the intestinal microbiota was assessed by the hydrogen breath test with lactulose using the apparatus LaktofaH2 (AMA, St. Petersburg). Stool culture was performed in selective media. Results: 115 patients aged 18 to 74 with prestone stage of cholelithiasis and 25 healthy people, comparable in age and sex, were examined. In patients with prestone stage of cholelithiasis biochemical examination of bile revealed increased cholesterol and decreased bile acids and bile acids-cholesterol ratio in B and C bile. The level of bile acids in the blood was reduced in comparison with the control group; it was associated in particular with a significant reduction in chenodeoxycholic, deoxycholic and glycodeoxycholic acids. Resorption in the small intestine was increased in patients with cholelithiasis compared with the control group (blood glucose increase within 30 minutes after the glucose load was 3.13±0.17 and 2.32±0.11 mmol/l respectively; p0.05). In the majority of patients small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO), mainly (75% of patients) associated with ileocecal insufficiency, and dysbiosis in the large intestine were established (88 and 100% of patients respectively). Conclusions: The small intestine is an important component in disturbance of enterohepatic circulation of bile acids. Significant changes in deconjugation of bile acids occur due to SIBO in the distal ileum and dysbiosis in the large intestine, thus disturbings the proportion of fractions of bile acids in the blood and bile.

Validation and application of a liquid-chromatographic/enzymatic assay for individual bile acids in the serum of rats.

1987 ◽  
Vol 33 (10) ◽  
pp. 1856-1862 ◽  
Author(s):  
M B Thompson ◽  
P C Blair ◽  
R W Morris ◽  
D A Neptun ◽  
D F Deyo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bile Acids ◽  
Enterohepatic Circulation ◽  
Enzymatic Reaction ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chromatographic Technique ◽  
Serum Pool ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Duct Ligation ◽  
Toxicological Studies ◽  
Liquid Chromatographic

Abstract A liquid-chromatographic technique with a post-column enzymatic reaction and fluorescence detection was validated for analysis of individual bile acids in the serum of rats. Extraction recoveries averaged 91.1% (SD 6.9%) for all bile acids. The assay was sensitive (minimum detection of 16.8 pmol per 100-microL injection), linear (r greater than 0.999 for concentrations ranging between 45 and 112,500 pmol per 100-microL injection), and reproducible (mean CVs for three different concentrations of standards and a serum pool ranged from 4.4% to 12.2%). In rats treated for three days with either neomycin, carbon tetrachloride, alpha-naphthylisothiocyanate, or total bile-duct ligation (five animals per group), total concentrations of bile acids were significantly increased (P less than 0.004). Concentrations of 16 of 17 individual bile acids differed significantly between groups (P less than 0.04). Examination of the relative concentrations (percent of total) of individual bile acids by canonical discriminant analysis placed each animal into the appropriate treatment or control group. Use of this technique in toxicological studies can help detect and identify specific types of disruptions in the enterohepatic circulation of bile acids.

scholarly journals Physiology and Physical Chemistry of Bile Acids

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 1780
Author(s):  
Maria Chiara di Gregorio ◽  
Jacopo Cautela ◽  
Luciano Galantini
Keyword(s):  
Physical Chemistry ◽  
Bile Acids ◽  
Material Science ◽  
Metabolic Regulation ◽  
Enterohepatic Circulation ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
The Body ◽  
Active Molecule ◽  
Supramolecular Aggregates ◽  
Biological Field

Bile acids (BAs) are facial amphiphiles synthesized in the body of all vertebrates. They undergo the enterohepatic circulation: they are produced in the liver, stored in the gallbladder, released in the intestine, taken into the bloodstream and lastly re-absorbed in the liver. During this pathway, BAs are modified in their molecular structure by the action of enzymes and bacteria. Such transformations allow them to acquire the chemical–physical properties needed for fulling several activities including metabolic regulation, antimicrobial functions and solubilization of lipids in digestion. The versatility of BAs in the physiological functions has inspired their use in many bio-applications, making them important tools for active molecule delivery, metabolic disease treatments and emulsification processes in food and drug industries. Moreover, moving over the borders of the biological field, BAs have been largely investigated as building blocks for the construction of supramolecular aggregates having peculiar structural, mechanical, chemical and optical properties. The review starts with a biological analysis of the BAs functions before progressively switching to a general overview of BAs in pharmacology and medicine applications. Lastly the focus moves to the BAs use in material science.

scholarly journals Effect of different bile acids on the intestine through enterohepatic circulation based on FXR

Gut Microbes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 1949095
Author(s):  
Junwei Xiang ◽  
Zhengyan Zhang ◽  
Hongyi Xie ◽  
Chengcheng Zhang ◽  
Yan Bai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bile Acids ◽  
Enterohepatic Circulation

Bile Acids: The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly

Physiology ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan F. Hofmann
Keyword(s):  
Bile Acids ◽  
Enterohepatic Circulation ◽  
Cholesterol Metabolism ◽  
Plasma Cholesterol ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipid Absorption ◽  
Bile Acid Metabolism ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Density Lipoprotein Receptor

Bile acids, amphipathic end products of cholesterol metabolism, are “good” in the infant because they enhance lipid absorption and thereby promote growth. Bile acids also induce bile flow and biliary lipid secretion. The enterohepatic circulation of bile acids is “bad” in the adult because it downregulates hepatocyte low-density lipoprotein receptor activity and thereby elevates plasma cholesterol levels. Defects in bile acid metabolism such as impaired biosynthesis or transport are “ugly” because they cause morbidity and death. New approaches for treating these defects are being developed.

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