Selenium biofortified alfalfa hay fed in low quantities improves selenium status and glutathione peroxidase activity in transition dairy cows and their calves

2020 ◽  
Vol 87 (2) ◽  
pp. 184-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shana Jaaf ◽  
Brandon Batty ◽  
Angela Krueger ◽  
Charles T. Estill ◽  
Massimo Bionaz
Keyword(s):  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Peroxidase Activity ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Selenium Status ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase Activity ◽  
Dry Period ◽  
Alfalfa Hay ◽  
Gpx Activity ◽  
Modest Effect

AbstractThe hypothesis of the study was that feeding a relatively low amount of Se biofortified alfalfa hay during the dry period and early lactation would improve selenium status and glutathione peroxidase activity in dairy cows and their calves. Ten Jersey and 8 Holstein primiparous dairy cows were supplemented with Se biofortified (TRT; n = 9) or non-biofortified (CTR; n = 9) alfalfa hay at a rate of 1 kg/100 kg of BW mixed with the TMR from 40 d prior parturition to 2 weeks post-partum. Se concentration in whole blood, liver, milk, and colostrum, the transfer of Se to calves, and the glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity were assessed. TRT had 2-fold larger (P < 0.05) Se in blood v. CTR that resulted in larger Se in liver and colostrum but not milk and larger GPx activity in plasma and erythrocytes but not in milk. Compared to CTR, calves from TRT had larger Se in blood but only a numerical (P = 0.09) larger GPx activity in plasma. A positive correlation was detected between Se in the blood and GPx activity in erythrocytes and plasma in cows. Our results demonstrated that feeding pregnant primiparous dairy cows with a relatively low amount of Se-biofortified alfalfa hay is an effective way to increase Se in the blood and liver, leading to greater antioxidant activity via GPx. The same treatment was effective in improving Se concentration in calves but had a modest effect on their GPx activity. Feeding Se biofortified hay increased Se concentration in colostrum but not in milk.

Low Selenium Status in the Elderly Influences Thyroid Hormones

1995 ◽  
Vol 89 (6) ◽  
pp. 637-642 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oliviero Olivieri ◽  
Domenico Girelli ◽  
Margherita Azzini ◽  
Anna Maria Stanzial ◽  
Carla Russo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Thyroid Hormones ◽  
Peroxidase Activity ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Serum Selenium ◽  
Selenium Status ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase Activity ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Double Blind Placebo

1. Iodothyronine 5′-deiodinase, which is mainly responsible for peripheral triiodothyronine (T3) production, has recently been demonstrated to be a selenium-containing enzyme. In the elderly, reduced peripheral conversion of thyroxine (T4) to T3 and overt hypothyroidism are frequently observed. 2. We measured serum selenium and erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase (as indices of selenium status), thyroid hormones and thyroid-stimulating hormone in 109 healthy euthyroid subjects (52 women, 57 men), carefully selected to exclude abnormally low thyroid hormone levels induced by acute or chronic diseases or calorie restriction. The subjects were subdivided into three age groups. To avoid conditions of undernutrition or malnutrition, dietary records were obtained for a sample of 24 subjects, randomly selected and representative of the whole population for age and sex. 3. In order to properly assess the influence of selenium status on iodothyronine 5′-deiodinase type I activity, a double-blind placebo-controlled trial was also carried out on 36 elderly subjects, resident at a privately owned nursing home. 4. In the free-living population, a progressive reduction of the T3/T4 ratio (due to increased T4 levels) and of selenium and erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase activity was observed with advancing age. A highly significant linear correlation between T4, T3/T4 and selenium was observed in the population as a whole (for T4, R = −0.312, P < 0.002; for T3/T4 ratio, R = 0.32, P < 0.01) and in older subjects (for T4, R = −0.40, P < 0.05; for T3/T4 ratio, R = 0.54, P < 0.002). 5. The main result of the double-blind placebo-controlled trial was a significant improvement of selenium indices and a decrease in the T4 level in selenium-treated subjects; serum selenium, erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase activity and thyroid hormones did not change in placebo-treated subjects. 6. We concluded that selenium status influences thyroid hormones in the elderly, mainly modulating T4 levels.

scholarly journals Haemoglobin Oxidation in Whole Blood Samples From Sheep in Relation to Glutathione Peroxidase Activity

1979 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 451 ◽  
Author(s):  
JF Wilkins
Keyword(s):  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Peroxidase Activity ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Alternative Assessment ◽  
Selenium Status ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase Activity ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Whole Blood Samples

A high correlation was observed between HzOz-induced oxidation of haemoglobin and glutathione peroxidase activity in whole blood samples from sheep. A role of this enzyme in the prevention of oxidative damage to the erythrocyte and its contents has been previously demonstrated. The possibility of using haemoglobin oxidation in whole blood as an alternative assessment of glutathione peroxidase activity and hence of selenium status is proposed.

Brazilian nut consumption improves selenium status and glutathione peroxidase activity and reduces atherogenic risk in obese women

2012 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 403-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristiane Cominetti ◽  
Maritsa C. de Bortoli ◽  
Arthur B. Garrido ◽  
Silvia M.F. Cozzolino
Keyword(s):  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Peroxidase Activity ◽  
Selenium Status ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase Activity

Glutathione peroxidase and selenium in sheep. II.* The relationship between glutathione peroxidase and selenium-responsive unthriftiness in Merino lambs

1979 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 703 ◽  
Author(s):  
DI Paynter ◽  
JW Anderson ◽  
JW McDonald
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Peroxidase Activity ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Selenium Status ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase Activity ◽  
Central Victoria ◽  
Selenium Treatment ◽  
The Relationship

Low erythrocyte activities of the selenium-containing enzyme glutathione peroxidase were found in Merino lambs in an area of the Strathbogie Ranges in central Victoria where selenium-responsive conditions have previously been reported. Body weight gain trials conducted over 10 properties in the above area demonstrated that the severity of selenium-responsive unthriftiness was significantly correlated with the erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase activity (r = – 0.95, P <: 0.001). Positive body weight responses to selenium treatment were only observed in lambs with erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase activities less than 30 U/g Hb prior to selenium treatment. These findings indicate that measurement of erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase activity provides a convenient index of the selenium status in sheep. ________________ *Part I, Aust. J. Agric. Res., 30: 695 (1979).

Platelet Glutathione Peroxidase Activity as an Index of Selenium Status in Rats

1983 ◽  
Vol 113 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Orville A. Levander ◽  
Donna P. DeLoach ◽  
Virginia C. Morris ◽  
Phylis B. Moser
Keyword(s):  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Peroxidase Activity ◽  
Selenium Status ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase Activity
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