Mechanization and North American Prairie Farm Costs 1896–1930

1982 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 199-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trevor J. O. Dick
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Learning Process ◽  
North American ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Entire Period ◽  
Continuous Learning ◽  
Yield Data ◽  
Farm Machinery ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
North American Prairie

This paper attempts to document and account for cost savings on North American small-grain prairie farms in the early twentieth century. Costs of production are analyzed using the ex post price and yield data abundantly available. Cost conjectures are developed and compared with scattered farm data that itemize inputs and reveal some aspects of farming technique. Total costs per acre, despite year to year fluctuations, appear to have fallen gradually over the entire period consistent with a comprehensive and continuous learning process, rather than only suddenly in the late 1920s when there was a marked increase in the sales of gasoline-powered farm machinery.

Tito Caula’s photographic imaginary and mid-century Caraqueño modernity

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-79
Author(s):  
Russell White
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
North American ◽  
The United States ◽  
Consumer Society ◽  
Left Wing ◽  
Shopping Malls ◽  
Urban Forms ◽  
Economic Boom ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Physical Changes

The photography of the Argentinian photographer Francisco ‘Tito’ Caula tracked some of the key social and physical changes that Caracas underwent during the middle decades of the twentieth century. This period saw the country transition from dictatorship to democracy. Caula’s advertising photographs together with his images of spectacular spaces and buildings such as the Sabana Grande and the Centro Simón Bolívar presented Caracas as a mecca of mid-century ‘petro-modernity’ (LeMenager 2014). In contrast to late nineteenth- and early-twentieth-century modernity, which was predominantly European in influence, Caraqueño modernity at mid-century was more cosmopolitan, taking particular inspiration from the United States. Caula’s photographs speak to the process of Americanization, defined as the adoption of North American cultural products, urban forms and patterns of living that Venezuela underwent during the years Caula spent in the country. Venezuela witnessed an economic boom in the 1960s and 70s, which was fuelled by the US acquisition of Venezuelan oil. In Venezuela, the boom facilitated the growth of a consumer society as well as the development of such quintessentially North American urban forms as freeways, shopping malls, drive-in movie theatres, suburbs and skyscrapers. It was also accompanied by the adoption of violent security tactics by the state’s security apparatus and the political marginalization of the radical left. Given that Caula held left-wing views, it is perhaps surprising that his photographs (at least those that have been published) do not explore the tensions at the heart of the Pacto de Punto Fijo, instituted to ensure that the transition from dictatorship to democracy would hold following elections in 1958. The celebration of North American influence within Caula’s photographs puts them in dialogue with critical perspectives that have seen US cultural influence rather more negatively. Moreover, their celebration of prosperity and their presentation of Caracas as an exciting city means that, for some, they have taken on a nostalgic hue.

The Cult of Beauty

2018 ◽  
pp. 192-224
Author(s):  
Robert Holland
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
North American ◽  
Grand Tour ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
British Culture

This chapter details British engagement with the Mediterranean from 1890 to 1918. It has been argued that cultural despair was the distinguishing mark of modernism in the British compared to their European and North American counterparts, where a generally upbeat tone was more evident. Since the age of the Grand Tour, a pathology deeply marked by Mediterranean influences had characterized British culture. Thus, it was only logical that this remained true entering the twentieth century, and that despair and a sense of national fragility remained part of the mix. That hallmark characteristic had various roots, but critical to it was a continuing apprehension that the British remained unique as a leading European power in lacking an authentic, mature civilization of their own.

scholarly journals PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN VIDEO PEMBELAJARAN DAN MINAT BELAJAR TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR MATA KULIAH PENGANTAR MANAJEMEN PADA PROSES PEMBELAJARAN JARAK JAUH DI MASA PANDEMI COVID 19.

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Siti Sahara ◽  
Sugeng Priyanto
Keyword(s):  
Distance Learning ◽  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Learning Process ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Classical System ◽  
Learning System ◽  
Student Interest ◽  
Study Program ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
Data Collection Technique

Currently, Covid-19 is a hot topic of conversation in all countries, including Indonesia. In Indonesia itself, a Large-Scale Social Restriction (PSBB) policy was implemented to suppress the spread of this virus so that all activities carried out outside the home must be stopped until this pandemic has subsided. The imposition of Large-Scale Social Restrictions (PSBB) made the learning system change from a classical system to a Distance Learning (PJJ) or online system. In the Introduction to Management course, student participation was found to be low during the learning process. Lecturers have difficulty determining whether students take learning seriously or not. Often in distance learning, some students deliberately put up a video that has been recorded, so that it seems like they are following the learning process, but in reality, they are doing something else. This is caused by several factors, including media which can be in the form of video lessons and student interest in learning. Looking at the description above, researchers are interested in conducting research that aims to determine the effect of using video learning and learning interest on learning outcomes in the Management Introduction course in the distance learning process during the Covid 19 pandemic. This research was conducted in the D3 Transportation Study Program, Faculty of Engineering, the State University of Jakarta in semester 113 of the 2020/2021 school year. This research is an ex post facto research with a quantitative approach. The number of samples in this study consisted of 76 students. The data collection technique is done by using questionnaires and documentation. The data obtained were analyzed using a multiple regression test. The results of this study indicate that Fcount ≥ Ftable = 13.53 ≥ 3.124 so it can be concluded that there is a significant influence between the use of instructional videos (X1) and interest (X2) on learning outcomes in the Introduction to Management (Y) course. For this reason, the role of lecturers is indispensable in continuously making creative innovations in developing various kinds of learning media that can increase student interest in learning during the Covid 19 pandemic. 

A Brief History of the Underworld and Organized Crime, c. 1750–1950

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heather Shore
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Organized Crime ◽  
North American ◽  
Criminal Activity ◽  
Criminal Organization ◽  
Street Gangs ◽  
Modern Period ◽  
History Of

This chapter explores the evolution of concepts and definitions relating to criminal organization since 1750. Terms such as the “underworld,” “organized crime,” and “professional crime” have increasingly become part of the criminal justice lexicon in the modern period. However, while there has been a strong tradition of criminological and sociological investigation into the structures and hierarchies of syndicated crime and street gangs in the first half of the twentieth century, much of this work has been dominated and implicitly shaped by North American contexts. The hidden nature of such criminal activity means that most attention has been paid to those offenders whose recidivism and notoriety brought them into public disrepute. Thus, historians’ investigations into organized crime have been characteristically limited. This chapter provides a broader overview of the historical chronologies and geographies of the “underworld” and explores the key historical studies into the organization of crime in the modern period.

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