scholarly journals A comparison of live and inactivated influenza A (H1N1) virus vaccines

1983 ◽  
Vol 90 (3) ◽  
pp. 361-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Clark ◽  
C. W. Potter ◽  
R. Jennings ◽  
J. P. Nicholl ◽  
A. F. Langrick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virus Vaccine ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
H1n1 Virus ◽  
Serum Antibody ◽  
H1n1 Vaccine ◽  
Live Virus ◽  
Post Immunization ◽  
Influenza A H1n1 ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Antibody Titres

SUMMARYGroups of volunteers were immunized with one of three influenza virus vaccines, and the resistance to challenge infection with attenuated influenza A (H1N1) virus was measured 8 months later. The vaccines were aqueous subunit influenza A/USSR/77 (H1N1) vaccine, aqueous subunit influenza B/Hong Kong/73 vaccine, or attenuated influenza virus A (H1N1) vaccine. The B virus vaccine was included as a control to assess the incidence of natural A virus infection during the study period. A proportion of the B virus vaccinees had pre-existing A (H1N1) virus antibody and were used to study the immunity conferred by natural infection to the live virus challenge. The serum antibody responses were measured at 1 and 8 months after immunization. The results showed that all the vaccines induced serum HI antibody in a proportion of the volunteers; however, after 1 month, higher titres of serum antibody were found in volunteers given inactivated A vaccine than in those given live attenuated A virus vaccine. Eight months post-immunization the titres of serum antibody in volunteers given inactivated vaccine had declined significantly, but there were no changes in the antibody titres of those given live virus vaccine. The incidence of infection by the challenge virus at 8 months post-immunization was directly related to the serum antibody titres 1 month post-immunization; no evidence was obtained to suggest that those given live virus vaccine had a more solid immunity than those given inactivated vaccine.

scholarly journals Immunization with live virus vaccine protects highly susceptible DBA/2J mice from lethal influenza A H1N1 infection

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonie Dengler ◽  
Mathias May ◽  
Esther Wilk ◽  
Mahmoud M Bahgat ◽  
Klaus Schughart
Keyword(s):  
Virus Vaccine ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
H1n1 Infection ◽  
Live Virus ◽  
Live Virus Vaccine ◽  
Influenza A H1n1

scholarly journals Serum Antibody Response to Matrix Protein 2 Following Natural Infection With 2009 Pandemic Influenza A(H1N1) Virus in Humans

2013 ◽  
Vol 209 (7) ◽  
pp. 986-994 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weimin Zhong ◽  
Carrie Reed ◽  
Patrick J. Blair ◽  
Jacqueline M. Katz ◽  
Kathy Hancock ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibody Response ◽  
Pandemic Influenza ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Matrix Protein ◽  
H1n1 Virus ◽  
Natural Infection ◽  
Serum Antibody ◽  
Serum Antibody Response ◽  
Influenza A H1n1

scholarly journals Long-Acting Neuraminidase Inhibitor Laninamivir Octanoate (CS-8958) versus Oseltamivir as Treatment for Children with Influenza Virus Infection

2010 ◽  
Vol 54 (6) ◽  
pp. 2575-2582 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norio Sugaya ◽  
Yasuo Ohashi
Keyword(s):  
Virus Infection ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
H1n1 Virus ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Influenza Virus Infection ◽  
Neuraminidase Inhibitor ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Influenza A H1n1 ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Long Acting

ABSTRACT We conducted a double-blind, randomized controlled trial to compare a long-acting neuraminidase inhibitor, laninamivir octanoate, with oseltamivir. Eligible patients were children 9 years of age and under who had febrile influenza symptoms of no more than 36-h duration. Patients were randomized to 1 of 3 treatment groups: a group given 40 mg laninamivir (40-mg group), a group given 20 mg laninamivir (20-mg group), and an oseltamivir group. Laninamivir octanoate was administered as a single inhalation. Oseltamivir (2 mg/kg of body weight) was administered orally twice daily for 5 days. The primary end point was the time to alleviation of influenza illness. The primary analysis included 184 patients (61, 61, and 62 in the 40-mg group, 20-mg group, and oseltamivir group, respectively). Laninamivir octanoate markedly reduced the median time to illness alleviation in comparison with oseltamivir in patients infected with oseltamivir-resistant influenza A (H1N1) virus, and the reductions were 60.9 h for the 40-mg group and 66.2 h for the 20-mg group. On the other hand, there were no significant differences in the times to alleviation of illness between the laninamivir groups and oseltamivir group for patients with influenza A (H3N2) or B virus infection. Laninamivir octanoate was well tolerated. The most common adverse events were gastrointestinal events. Laninamivir octanoate was an effective and well-tolerated treatment for children with oseltamivir-resistant influenza A (H1N1) virus infection. Further study will be needed to confirm clinical efficacy against influenza A (H3N2) or B virus infection. Its ease of administration is noteworthy, because a single inhalation is required during the course of illness.

scholarly journals Recycling of H1N1 influenza A virus in man — a haemagglutinin antibody study

1993 ◽  
Vol 90 (3) ◽  
pp. 397-402 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Masurel ◽  
R. A. Heijtin
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Influenza A Virus ◽  
Human Population ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
H1n1 Virus ◽  
H1n1 Influenza ◽  
H3n2 Virus ◽  
Influenza A H1n1 ◽  
Antibody Titres

SUMMARYSera from people born between 1883 and 1930 and collected in 1977 were tested for the presence of HI antibodies to A/FM/1/47 (H1N1) virus and three recently (1977 and 1978) isolated influenza A-H1N1 viruses. The highest frequency of high-titred antibody to the four H1N1 viruses was detected in sera from people born in 1903–4, i.e. 42,54,38, and 22% had antibody against A/FM/1/47, A/Hong Kong/117/77, A/Brazil/11/78, and A/Fukushima/103/78 respectively. The birthdate groups 1896–1907 showed a higher percentage of HI antibody titres ≥18, ≥50, ≥100 or ≥1600 against the four H1N1 viruses than the birthdate groups 1907–30. This indicates the existence of an era, 1908–18, in which, apart from the H3N2 virus (1900–18), the H1N1 virus was epidemic among the human population.

scholarly journals Long-Term Immunogenicity of an Inactivated Split-Virion 2009 Pandemic Influenza A H1N1 Virus Vaccine with or without Aluminum Adjuvant in Mice

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 327-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenting Xu ◽  
Mei Zheng ◽  
Feng Zhou ◽  
Ze Chen
Keyword(s):  
Pandemic Influenza ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
H1n1 Virus ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Lethal Dose ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
H1n1 Vaccine ◽  
Influenza A H1n1 ◽  
Homologous Virus

ABSTRACTIn 2009, a global epidemic of influenza A(H1N1) virus caused the death of tens of thousands of people. Vaccination is the most effective means of controlling an epidemic of influenza and reducing the mortality rate. In this study, the long-term immunogenicity of influenza A/California/7/2009 (H1N1) split vaccine was observed as long as 15 months (450 days) after immunization in a mouse model. Female BALB/c mice were immunized intraperitoneally with different doses of aluminum-adjuvanted vaccine. The mice were challenged with a lethal dose (10× 50% lethal dose [LD50]) of homologous virus 450 days after immunization. The results showed that the supplemented aluminum adjuvant not only effectively enhanced the protective effect of the vaccine but also reduced the immunizing dose of the vaccine. In addition, the aluminum adjuvant enhanced the IgG antibody level of mice immunized with the H1N1 split vaccine. The IgG level was correlated to the survival rate of the mice. Aluminum-adjuvanted inactivated split-virion 2009 pandemic influenza A H1N1 vaccine has good immunogenicity and provided long-term protection against lethal influenza virus challenge in mice.

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