Encoding of a binaural speech stimulus at the brainstem level in middle-aged adults

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
A K Neupane ◽  
S K Sinha ◽  
K Gururaj
Keyword(s):  
Binaural Hearing ◽  
Auditory Pathway ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Speech Stimulus ◽  
Auditory Brainstem Responses ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Fast Fourier Transform Analysis ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Brainstem Response ◽  
Middle Aged Adults

Abstract Objective Binaural hearing is facilitated by neural interactions in the auditory pathway. Ageing results in impairment of localisation and listening in noisy situations without any significant hearing loss. The present study focused on comparing the binaural encoding of a speech stimulus at the subcortical level in middle-aged versus younger adults, based on speech-evoked auditory brainstem responses. Methods Thirty participants (15 young adults and 15 middle-aged adults) with normal hearing sensitivity (less than 15 dB HL) participated in the study. The speech-evoked auditory brainstem response was recorded monaurally and binaurally with a 40-ms /da/ stimulus. Fast Fourier transform analysis was utilised. Results An independent sample t-test revealed a significant difference between the two groups in fundamental frequency (F0) amplitude recorded with binaural stimulation. Conclusion The present study suggested that ageing results in degradation of F0 encoding, which is essential for the perception of speech in noise.

Accuracy of Synchrony Judgment and its Relation to the Auditory Brainstem Response: the Difference Between Pianists and Non-Pianists

2011 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 962-971
Author(s):  
Eriko Aiba ◽  
◽  
Koji Kazai ◽  
Takayuki Shimotomai ◽  
Toshie Matsui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Nerve ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Auditory Brainstem Responses ◽  
Judgment Accuracy ◽  
Synchrony Judgment ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Brainstem Response ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Onset Asynchrony

Synchrony judgment is one of the most important abilities for musicians. Only a few milliseconds of onset asynchrony result in a significant difference in musical expression. Using behavioural responses and Auditory Brainstem Responses (ABR), this study investigates whether synchrony judgment accuracy improves with training and, if so, whether physiological responses are also changed through training. Psychoacoustic experiments showed that accuracy of synchrony judgment of pianists was higher than that of non-pianists, implying that pianists’ ability to perceive tones increased through training. ABRmeasurements also showed differences between pianists and non-pianists. However, cochlear delay, an asymmetric aspect of temporal processing in the human auditory system, did not change with training. It is possible that training improved ability related to temporal tone perception and that training may increase synchrony in auditory nerve firing.

scholarly journals Variation in interpeak latencies of auditory brainstem responses with age in male adults:An observation

Biomedicine ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 489-492
Author(s):  
Shilpa Khullar ◽  
S. Aijaz Abbas Rizvi ◽  
Ankur Sachdeva ◽  
Archana Sood ◽  
Syed Sibte Akbar Abidi
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Processing ◽  
Hearing Threshold ◽  
Auditory Pathway ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Auditory Threshold ◽  
Auditory Brainstem Responses ◽  
P Value ◽  
Conduction Time ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 2

Introduction and Aim: Aging of the auditory pathway is a complex phenomenon consisting of changes in the auditory processing along with a significant elevation of the hearing threshold. The aim of our study was to see the variation in interpeak latencies (IPLs) of Auditory Brainstem Responses (ABRs) with advancing age in males.   Materials and Methods: It was an observational study conducted on 60 Indian male subjects aged between 20 and 80 years divided into three groups on the basis of age: Group 1: 20-40 years, Group 2: 41-60 years and Group 3: 61-80 years. Auditory threshold and ABRs were recorded and analysed for interpeak latencies (IPLs) – I-III,I-V and III-V in msec.The comparison of data between the groups was done using one – way ANOVA and Tukey Kramer multiple comparison test. The results were considered significantly different between the groups when ‘P value’ was ? 0.05.   Results: It was found that there was no significant difference in the auditory threshold and interpeak latencies (IPLs) when comparison was made between the three groups.   Conclusion: Hence we conclude thatage does not have any significant influence on neural conduction time of the auditory pathway which is represented by the IPLs in ABRs.  

scholarly journals The Effects of Riluzole on Cisplatin-induced Ototoxicity

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (03) ◽  
pp. e267-e275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Selin Üstün Bezgin ◽  
Kadir Kemal Uygur ◽  
Çağıl Gökdoğan ◽  
Çiğdem Elmas ◽  
Güleser Göktaş
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Neuronal Cell ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Auditory Brainstem Responses ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Brainstem Response

Introduction Riluzole (2-amino-6-trifluoromethoxy benzothiazole) is known as a neuroprotective, antioxidant, antiapoptotic agent. It may have beneficial effects on neuronal cell death due to cisplatin-induced ototoxicity. Objective To evaluate the effect of riluzole on cisplatin-induced ototoxicity in guinea pigs. Methods Twenty-four guinea pigs, studied in three groups, underwent auditory brainstem response evaluation using click and 8 kHz tone burst stimuli. Subsequently, 5 mg/kg of cisplatin were administered to all animals for 3 days intraperitoneally (i.p.) to induce ototoxicity. Half an hour prior to cisplatin, groups 1, 2 and 3 received 2 ml of saline i.p., 6 mg/kg of riluzole hydrochloride i.p., and 8 mg/kg of riluzole hydrochloride i.p., respectively, for 3 days. The auditory brainstem responses were repeated 24 hours after the last drug administration. The cochleae were analyzed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Results After drug administiration, for 8,000 Hz stimulus, group 1 had significantly higher threshold shifts when compared with groups 2 (p < 0.05) and 3 (p < 0.05), and there was no significant difference in threshold shifts between groups 2 and 3 (p > 0.05). Transmission electron microscopy findings demonstrated the protective effect of riluzole on the hair cells and the stria vascularis, especially in the group treated with 8 mg/kg of riluzole hydrochloride. Conclusion We can say that riluzole may have a protective effect on cisplatin- induced ototoxicity. However, additional studies are needed to confirm these results and the mechanisms of action of riluzole.

scholarly journals Air and Bone Conduction Frequency-specific Auditory Brainstem Response in Children with Agenesis of the External Auditory Canal

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (04) ◽  
pp. 318-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pricila Sleifer ◽  
Dayane Didoné ◽  
Ísis Keppeler ◽  
Claudine Bueno ◽  
Rudimar Riesgo
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
External Auditory Canal ◽  
Conductive Hearing Loss ◽  
Bone Conduction ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Auditory Brainstem Responses ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Brainstem Response ◽  
Conductive Hearing ◽  
Air Conduction

Introduction The tone-evoked auditory brainstem responses (tone-ABR) enable the differential diagnosis in the evaluation of children until 12 months of age, including those with external and/or middle ear malformations. The use of auditory stimuli with frequency specificity by air and bone conduction allows characterization of hearing profile. Objective The objective of our study was to compare the results obtained in tone-ABR by air and bone conduction in children until 12 months, with agenesis of the external auditory canal. Method The study was cross-sectional, observational, individual, and contemporary. We conducted the research with tone-ABR by air and bone conduction in the frequencies of 500 Hz and 2000 Hz in 32 children, 23 boys, from one to 12 months old, with agenesis of the external auditory canal. Results The tone-ABR thresholds were significantly elevated for air conduction in the frequencies of 500 Hz and 2000 Hz, while the thresholds of bone conduction had normal values in both ears. We found no statistically significant difference between genders and ears for most of the comparisons. Conclusion The thresholds obtained by bone conduction did not alter the thresholds in children with conductive hearing loss. However, the conductive hearing loss alter all thresholds by air conduction. The tone-ABR by bone conduction is an important tool for assessing cochlear integrity in children with agenesis of the external auditory canal under 12 months.

Central Auditory Evaluation of Patients with Spasmodic Dysphonia

1997 ◽  
Vol 76 (10) ◽  
pp. 710-715 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michele L. Middleton ◽  
Keith M. Wilson ◽  
Robert W. Keith
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Processing ◽  
Auditory Pathway ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Auditory Brainstem Responses ◽  
Spasmodic Dysphonia ◽  
Central Auditory Processing ◽  
Cortical Function ◽  
Brainstem Response ◽  
Positive Scan ◽  
High Stimulus

Spasmodic dysphonia is a focal laryngeal dystonia characterized by inappropriate contractions of the intrinsic laryngeal musculature. The prevalence of associated neurological findings has led to detailed investigation of the central nervous system. Previous research revealed latency abnormalities in patients’ auditory brainstem responses. The present study further investigated central auditory findings in patients with spasmodic dysphonia, including brainstem and cortical function. Fourteen normal-hearing patients with spasmodic dysphonia were tested using the auditory brainstem response (ABR) and SCAN-A test of central auditory processing. The ABR estimated brainstem transmission time and evaluated auditory pathway integrity at a high stimulus rate. SCAN-A assessed the auditory cerebral cortex. Implications of these findings are discussed. We found no ABR abnormalities in subjects with spasmodic dysphonia. Positive SCAN-A findings were negligible. The ABR findings contradict previous reports.

COMPLEXITY-BASED ANALYSIS OF THE DIFFERENCE IN SPEECH-EVOKED AUDITORY BRAINSTEM RESPONSES (s-ABRs) BETWEEN BINAURAL AND MONAURAL LISTENING CONDITIONS

Fractals ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (04) ◽  
pp. 1850052 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARJAN MOZAFFARILEGHA ◽  
HAMIDREZA NAMAZI ◽  
MOHSEN AHADI ◽  
SAJAD JAFARI
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Auditory Stimulation ◽  
Auditory Brainstem Responses ◽  
Brain Response ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Binaural Stimulation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Monaural Stimulation ◽  
Brainstem Response ◽  
The Difference

One of the important research areas in behavioral neuroscience is to investigate the brain response to different types of stimuli. Speech-evoked Auditory Brainstem Response (s-ABR) is a tool to study the brainstem processing of speech sounds. During years, scientists have employed different techniques to analyze the influence of auditory stimulation on s-ABR signal in different conditions. One important category of works, which aroused the attention of scientists, has been the analysis of the variations of s-ABR signal in binaural and monaural stimulations. In this research, we analyze the variations of s-ABR signal due to auditory stimulation in the form of speech syllable, in binaural and monaural (right or left ear) listening conditions. For this purpose, we have employed fractal analysis in order to analyze the complexity of s-ABR signal in three stimulation conditions (both ears, right ear, left ear). The results of our analysis showed that s-ABR signal in case of binaural stimulation shows significant lower complexity compared to monaural stimulation. In comparison of s-ABR signals between left ear and right ear using fractal dimension, no significant difference was observed.

scholarly journals AUDITORY BRAINSTEM RESPONSES: STIMULUS VARIATIONS

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Claudia Bianco Gução ◽  
Ana Carla Leite Romero ◽  
Franciny Luque Lemes ◽  
Simone Fiuza Regaçone ◽  
Vitor Engracia Valenti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stimulus Presentation ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Auditory Evoked Potential ◽  
Auditory Brainstem Responses ◽  
Electrophysiological Response ◽  
External Stimulation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Brainstem Response ◽  
The Right ◽  
Clinical Conditions

Introduction: Auditory brainstem response is a response to external stimulation that represents the neural electrophysiological activity of the auditory system at the brainstem level. Variations due to the change in the presentation of stimuli help in the diagnosis of clinical conditions that affect the auditory nervous system. Objective: To characterize and compare the different polarity variations stimuli and presentation rates in adults with normal hearing. Methods: We investigated 20 students from a Center for Diagnosis and Rehabilitation, with no hearing impairment, all female aged 15-30 years old, who were screened for brainstem auditory evoked potential, which presented stimuli in different polarities ranges, including condensation and rarefaction in different presentation rates of 21.7, 27.7 and 47.7 stimuli per second. Results: We observed lower values of latencies of wave I in the three rates of stimulus presentation and wave V at the rate of 21.7/sec. rarefact when used, and also on the right ear and the same polarity , the gap interpeak I - III also had lower values for rates of introduction, as in the IR range the rate of 21.7/s. In overall comparison of groups in different polarities of stimulation, there was a significant difference only in rarefact. Conclusion: The understanding of the behavior of the electrophysiological response to variations of the stimulus is important and may serve as a reference for normal use of these measures in clinical practice.

scholarly journals Speech Evoked Auditory Brainstem Response in Stuttering

Scientifica ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Akbar Tahaei ◽  
Hassan Ashayeri ◽  
Akram Pourbakht ◽  
Mohammad Kamali
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Processing ◽  
Auditory Pathway ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Auditory Brainstem Responses ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Central Auditory Processing ◽  
Significant Group ◽  
Speech Stimuli ◽  
Brainstem Response ◽  
Processing Deficits

Auditory processing deficits have been hypothesized as an underlying mechanism for stuttering. Previous studies have demonstrated abnormal responses in subjects with persistent developmental stuttering (PDS) at the higher level of the central auditory system using speech stimuli. Recently, the potential usefulness of speech evoked auditory brainstem responses in central auditory processing disorders has been emphasized. The current study used the speech evoked ABR to investigate the hypothesis that subjects with PDS have specific auditory perceptual dysfunction.Objectives. To determine whether brainstem responses to speech stimuli differ between PDS subjects and normal fluent speakers.Methods. Twenty-five subjects with PDS participated in this study. The speech-ABRs were elicited by the 5-formant synthesized syllable/da/, with duration of 40 ms.Results. There were significant group differences for the onset and offset transient peaks. Subjects with PDS had longer latencies for the onset and offset peaks relative to the control group.Conclusions. Subjects with PDS showed a deficient neural timing in the early stages of the auditory pathway consistent with temporal processing deficits and their abnormal timing may underlie to their disfluency.

scholarly journals Peran implanted electrically evoked auditory brainstem responses(Imp-eABR) pada pasien tuli kongenital

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (20) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fikri Mirza Putranto ◽  
Jenny Bashiruddin ◽  
Semiramis Zizlavsky ◽  
Irawan Mangunatmadja ◽  
Jacub Pandelaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Cochlear Implant ◽  
Hearing Aids ◽  
Auditory Pathway ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Cochlear Nerve ◽  
Auditory Brainstem Responses ◽  
Auditory Pathways ◽  
Internal Factors ◽  
Brainstem Response

Latar belakang: Variasi performa pasca implan koklea menunjukkan adanya variasi patologi yang belum dapat dijelaskan melalui pemeriksaan standar pra-operasi. Untuk itu dibutuhkan pemeriksaan yang dapat menunjukkan variasi integritas jaras auditori sebagai petunjuk variasi potensi internal tiap individu. Tujuan: Mendapatkan variasi respons jaras auditori terhadap stimulus listrik pasca implan berdasarkan pemeriksaan Implanted Electrically evoked Auditory Brainstem Respons (Imp-eABR), serta korelasinya dengan faktor internal pra-implan lain berupa usia, luas area n. koklearis dan kemampuan komunikasi pra-operasi. Metode: Kriteria subjek penelitian adalah pasien operasi implan koklea berusia kurang dari 10 tahun, memiliki koklea dan n. koklearis normal, dan pada pasien berusia lebih dari 4 tahun sudah memakai alat bantu dengar minimal 1 tahun. Pemeriksaan Imp-eABR dilakukan terhadap 5 elektrode yang mewakili area apikal, medial dan basal koklea. Dicari hubungan respons dari stimulasi terhadap ketiga faktor internal.Hasil:Pemeriksaan Imp-eABR dilakukan terhadap 28 telinga dari 19 pasien yang dilakukan operasi secara unilateral dan bilateral. Rerata skor total respons Imp-eABR adalah 6,3 + 2,63; dengan 60,7% telinga memiliki skor total kurang dari 8. Uji regresi linear menunjukkan faktor usia, luas area n. koklearis dan kemampuan komunikasi berkorelasi secara bermakna dan dapat memprediksi variasi skor Imp-eABR sebanyak 49,2%. Kesimpulan:Variasi skor total Imp-eABR pada pasien dengan faktor internal pra-operasi menunjukkan adanya patogenesis lain yang mendasari kemampuan transmisi jaras pendengaran retrokoklea terhadap stimulasi listrik dari implan koklea. Faktor internal pra-operasi dapat menjelaskan kurang dari 50% variasi respons Imp-eABR. Kata kunci: Imp-eABR, luas area n. koklearis, implant koklea, integritas jaras auditori ABSTRACT Background:Variations in performance after cochlear implant indicates pathology variations that cannot be explained through standard preoperative examination. Therefore, an examination is needed to show variations in the integrity of auditory pathways as a guide to internal potential variations of each individual. Objectives: To show variations of auditory pathways responses to electrical stimulation from cochlear implant by performing Implanted Electrically evoked Auditory Brainstem Response (Imp-eABR) examination and to find its correlation to age, cochlear nerve area and preoperative communication skills. Methods: Subjects were cochlear implant patients with age less than 10 years, had normal cochlear and cochlear nerve,and patients over 4 years old with history of wearing hearing aids for at least 1 year. The Imp-eABR examination was performed to 5 electrodes representing the apical, medial and basal areas of the cochlea. Results:Imp-eABR examination was performed on 28 ears from 19 patients who underwent unilateral and bilateral surgery. The average total score of Imp-eABR responses was 6.3 + 2.63; with 60.7% of the ears having a total score of less than 8. Linear regression tests showed age,cochlear nerve area,andcommunicationabilitysignificantlycorrelate,it canexplain49.2%ofthevariationinthetotal Imp-eABR score. Conclusion: The variation in the total Imp-eABR score in patients with preoperative internal factors indicated that another pathogenesis also underlines the ability of transmission of the retrocochlear auditory pathway to electrical stimulation from the cochlear implant. Preoperative internal factors can only explain less than 50% of the variation of the Imp-eABR response.   

The Effect of Kalman-Weighted Averaging and Artifact Rejection on Residual Noise During Auditory Brainstem Response Testing

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 114-124
Author(s):  
Linda W. Norrix ◽  
Julie Thein ◽  
David Velenovsky
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Weighted Averaging ◽  
Auditory Brainstem Responses ◽  
Residual Noise ◽  
Electrophysiological Recordings ◽  
Artifact Rejection ◽  
Brainstem Response ◽  
Active Motor ◽  
Averaging Time

Purpose Low residual noise (RN) levels are critically important when obtaining electrophysiological recordings of threshold auditory brainstem responses. In this study, we examine the effectiveness and efficiency of Kalman-weighted averaging (KWA) implemented on the Vivosonic Integrity System and artifact rejection (AR) implemented on the Intelligent Hearing Systems SmartEP system for obtaining low RN levels. Method Sixteen adults participated. Electrophysiological measures were obtained using simultaneous recordings by the Vivosonic and Intelligent Hearing Systems for subjects in 2 relaxed conditions and 4 active motor conditions. Three averaging times were used for the relaxed states (1, 1.5, and 3 min) and for the active states (1.5, 3, and 6 min). Repeated-measures analyses of variance were used to examine RN levels as a function of noise reduction strategy (i.e., KWA, AR) and averaging time. Results Lower RN levels were obtained using KWA than AR in both the relaxed and active motor states. Thus, KWA was more effective than was AR under the conditions examined in this study. Using KWA, approximately 3 min of averaging was needed in the relaxed condition to obtain an average RN level of 0.025 μV. In contrast, in the active motor conditions, approximately 6 min of averaging was required using KWA. Mean RN levels of 0.025 μV were not attained using AR. Conclusions When patients are not physiologically quiet, low RN levels are more likely to be obtained and more efficiently obtained using KWA than AR. However, even when using KWA, in active motor states, 6 min of averaging or more may be required to obtain threshold responses. Averaging time needed and whether a low RN level can be attained will depend on the level of motor activity exhibited by the patient.

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