scholarly journals Speech Evoked Auditory Brainstem Response in Stuttering

Scientifica ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Akbar Tahaei ◽  
Hassan Ashayeri ◽  
Akram Pourbakht ◽  
Mohammad Kamali
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Processing ◽  
Auditory Pathway ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Auditory Brainstem Responses ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Central Auditory Processing ◽  
Significant Group ◽  
Speech Stimuli ◽  
Brainstem Response ◽  
Processing Deficits

Auditory processing deficits have been hypothesized as an underlying mechanism for stuttering. Previous studies have demonstrated abnormal responses in subjects with persistent developmental stuttering (PDS) at the higher level of the central auditory system using speech stimuli. Recently, the potential usefulness of speech evoked auditory brainstem responses in central auditory processing disorders has been emphasized. The current study used the speech evoked ABR to investigate the hypothesis that subjects with PDS have specific auditory perceptual dysfunction.Objectives. To determine whether brainstem responses to speech stimuli differ between PDS subjects and normal fluent speakers.Methods. Twenty-five subjects with PDS participated in this study. The speech-ABRs were elicited by the 5-formant synthesized syllable/da/, with duration of 40 ms.Results. There were significant group differences for the onset and offset transient peaks. Subjects with PDS had longer latencies for the onset and offset peaks relative to the control group.Conclusions. Subjects with PDS showed a deficient neural timing in the early stages of the auditory pathway consistent with temporal processing deficits and their abnormal timing may underlie to their disfluency.

Central Auditory Evaluation of Patients with Spasmodic Dysphonia

1997 ◽  
Vol 76 (10) ◽  
pp. 710-715 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michele L. Middleton ◽  
Keith M. Wilson ◽  
Robert W. Keith
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Processing ◽  
Auditory Pathway ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Auditory Brainstem Responses ◽  
Spasmodic Dysphonia ◽  
Central Auditory Processing ◽  
Cortical Function ◽  
Brainstem Response ◽  
Positive Scan ◽  
High Stimulus

Spasmodic dysphonia is a focal laryngeal dystonia characterized by inappropriate contractions of the intrinsic laryngeal musculature. The prevalence of associated neurological findings has led to detailed investigation of the central nervous system. Previous research revealed latency abnormalities in patients’ auditory brainstem responses. The present study further investigated central auditory findings in patients with spasmodic dysphonia, including brainstem and cortical function. Fourteen normal-hearing patients with spasmodic dysphonia were tested using the auditory brainstem response (ABR) and SCAN-A test of central auditory processing. The ABR estimated brainstem transmission time and evaluated auditory pathway integrity at a high stimulus rate. SCAN-A assessed the auditory cerebral cortex. Implications of these findings are discussed. We found no ABR abnormalities in subjects with spasmodic dysphonia. Positive SCAN-A findings were negligible. The ABR findings contradict previous reports.

Auditory Brainstem Response, Middle Latency Response, and Late Cortical Evoked Potentials in Children with Learning Disabilities

2002 ◽  
Vol 13 (07) ◽  
pp. 367-382 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzanne C. Purdy ◽  
Andrea S. Kelly ◽  
Merren G. Davies
Keyword(s):  
Evoked Potentials ◽  
Auditory Processing ◽  
Auditory Evoked Potentials ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Auditory Memory ◽  
Auditory Brainstem Responses ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cortical Responses ◽  
Brainstem Response ◽  
Middle Latency

Auditory evoked potentials (AEPs) and behavioral tests were used to evaluate auditory processing in 10 children aged 7 to 11 years who were diagnosed as learning disabled (LD). AEPs included auditory brainstem responses (ABRs), middle latency responses (MLRs), and late cortical responses (P1, N1, P2, P3). Late cortical responses were recorded using an active listening oddball procedure. Auditory processing disorders were suspected in the LD children after a psychologist found phonologic processing and auditory memory problems. A control group of 10 age- and gender-matched children with no hearing or reported learning difficulties was also tested. Teacher ratings of classroom listening and SCAN Competing Words and Staggered Spondaic Word scores were poorer in the LD children. There were minor ABR latency differences between the two groups. Wave Na of the MLR was later and Nb was smaller in the LD group. The main differences in cortical responses were that P1 was earlier and P3 was later and smaller in the LD group.

Sensory Processing of Backward-Masking Signals in Children With Language-Learning Impairment As Assessed With the Auditory Brainstem Response

2005 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 189-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey A. Marler ◽  
Craig A. Champlin
Keyword(s):  
Language Learning ◽  
Auditory Processing ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Auditory Brainstem Responses ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Backward Masking ◽  
Masking Condition ◽  
Brainstem Response ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Learning Impairment

The purpose of this study was to examine the possible contribution of sensory mechanisms to an auditory processing deficit shown by some children with language-learning impairment (LLI). Auditory brainstem responses (ABRs) were measured from 2 groups of school-aged (8–10 years) children. One group consisted of 10 children with LLI, and the other group (control) consisted of 10 children with normally developing language. The ABR was elicited with a brief tone burst presented either alone (no-masking condition) or immediately followed by a longer duration noise burst (backward-masking condition). The primary dependent variable was the latency of wave V of the ABR. The mean latencies were not significantly different for the 2 groups in the no-masking condition. However, in the backward-masking condition, the mean latency for the LLI group was significantly increased relative to the mean latency for the control group. Thus, the presence of successive sounds delay the neural response in children with LLI. The explanation for this delay at the level of the brainstem is not known, but it may be due to disruption of synchrony, activation of alternate (less direct) pathways, increased inhibition, or some combination of these (or other) factors.

Neural Transformation of Dissonant Intervals in the Auditory Brainstem

2015 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 445-459 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyung Myun Lee ◽  
Erika Skoe ◽  
Nina Kraus ◽  
Richard Ashley
Keyword(s):  
Auditory System ◽  
Auditory Processing ◽  
Response Spectrum ◽  
Phase Locking ◽  
Auditory Pathway ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Neural Representation ◽  
Auditory Brainstem Responses ◽  
Distortion Products ◽  
Stimulus Waveform

Acoustic periodicity is an important factor for discriminating consonant and dissonant intervals. While previous studies have found that the periodicity of musical intervals is temporally encoded by neural phase locking throughout the auditory system, how the nonlinearities of the auditory pathway influence the encoding of periodicity and how this effect is related to sensory consonance has been underexplored. By measuring human auditory brainstem responses (ABRs) to four diotically presented musical intervals with increasing degrees of dissonance, this study seeks to explicate how the subcortical auditory system transforms the neural representation of acoustic periodicity for consonant versus dissonant intervals. ABRs faithfully reflect neural activity in the brainstem synchronized to the stimulus while also capturing nonlinear aspects of auditory processing. Results show that for the most dissonant interval, which has a less periodic stimulus waveform than the most consonant interval, the aperiodicity of the stimulus is intensified in the subcortical response. The decreased periodicity of dissonant intervals is related to a larger number of nonlinearities (i.e., distortion products) in the response spectrum. Our findings suggest that the auditory system transforms the periodicity of dissonant intervals resulting in consonant and dissonant intervals becoming more distinct in the neural code than if they were to be processed by a linear auditory system.

scholarly journals Hormones and Hearing: Central Auditory Processing in Women

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (06) ◽  
pp. 493-501
Author(s):  
Skylar Trott ◽  
Trey Cline ◽  
Jeffrey Weihing ◽  
Deidra Beshear ◽  
Matthew Bush ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Auditory Processing ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Human Model ◽  
Central Auditory Processing ◽  
Hormonal Changes ◽  
Hearing Sensitivity ◽  
Organ Systems ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Brainstem Response

AbstractEstrogen has been identified as playing a key role in many organ systems. Recently, estrogen has been found to be produced in the human brain and is believed contribute to central auditory processing. After menopause, a low estrogen state, many women report hearing loss but demonstrate no deficits in peripheral hearing sensitivity, which support the notion that estrogen plays an effect on central auditory processing. Although animal research on estrogen and hearing loss is extensive, there is little in the literature on the human model.The aim of this study was to evaluate relationships between hormonal changes and hearing as it relates to higher auditory function in pre- and postmenopausal (Post-M) females.A prospective, group comparison study.Twenty eight women between the ages of 18 and 70 at the University of Kentucky were recruited.Participants were separated into premenopausal and peri-/Post-M groups. Participants had normal peripheral hearing sensitivity and underwent a behavioral auditory processing battery and electrophysiological evaluation. An analysis of variance was performed to address the aims of the study.Results from the study demonstrated statistically significant difference between groups, where Post-M females had difficulties in spatial hearing abilities as reflected on the Listening in Spatialized Noise Test–Sentences test. In addition, measures on the auditory brainstem response and the middle latency response reflected statistically significant differences between groups with Post-M females having longer latencies.Results from the present study demonstrated significant differences between groups, particularly listening in noise. Females who present with auditory complaints in spite of normal hearing thresholds should have a more extensive audiological evaluation to further evaluate possible central deficits.

Encoding of a binaural speech stimulus at the brainstem level in middle-aged adults

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
A K Neupane ◽  
S K Sinha ◽  
K Gururaj
Keyword(s):  
Binaural Hearing ◽  
Auditory Pathway ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Speech Stimulus ◽  
Auditory Brainstem Responses ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Fast Fourier Transform Analysis ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Brainstem Response ◽  
Middle Aged Adults

Abstract Objective Binaural hearing is facilitated by neural interactions in the auditory pathway. Ageing results in impairment of localisation and listening in noisy situations without any significant hearing loss. The present study focused on comparing the binaural encoding of a speech stimulus at the subcortical level in middle-aged versus younger adults, based on speech-evoked auditory brainstem responses. Methods Thirty participants (15 young adults and 15 middle-aged adults) with normal hearing sensitivity (less than 15 dB HL) participated in the study. The speech-evoked auditory brainstem response was recorded monaurally and binaurally with a 40-ms /da/ stimulus. Fast Fourier transform analysis was utilised. Results An independent sample t-test revealed a significant difference between the two groups in fundamental frequency (F0) amplitude recorded with binaural stimulation. Conclusion The present study suggested that ageing results in degradation of F0 encoding, which is essential for the perception of speech in noise.

scholarly journals Case Report: Auditory Neuropathy and Central Auditory Processing Deficits in a Neuro-Otological Case-Study of Infratentorial Superficial Siderosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natallia Kharytaniuk ◽  
Peter Cowley ◽  
David J. Werring ◽  
Doris-Eva Bamiou
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Auditory Processing ◽  
Auditory Pathway ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Images ◽  
Auditory Neuropathy ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Superficial Siderosis ◽  
Central Auditory Processing ◽  
Processing Deficits

Hearing and balance impairment are the most frequently reported features of infratentorial (classical) superficial siderosis (iSS). There are few comprehensive descriptions of audiovestibular function in iSS and therefore limited understanding of the affected segment(s) of the audiovestibular pathway. In addition, monitoring disease progression and response to treatment is challenging and currently mainly guided by subjective patient reports and magnetic resonance imaging. To the best of our knowledge, there have been no previous reports assessing central auditory function in iSS. We describe such findings in a patient with iSS in an attempt to precisely localize the site of the audiovestibular dysfunction, determine its severity and functional impact. We confirm the presence of (asymmetrical) auditory neuropathy and identify central auditory processing deficits, suggesting involvement of the central auditory pathway beyond the brainstem. We correlate the audiological and vestibular findings with self-report measures and the siderosis appearances on brain magnetic resonance images.

scholarly journals Variation in interpeak latencies of auditory brainstem responses with age in male adults:An observation

Biomedicine ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 489-492
Author(s):  
Shilpa Khullar ◽  
S. Aijaz Abbas Rizvi ◽  
Ankur Sachdeva ◽  
Archana Sood ◽  
Syed Sibte Akbar Abidi
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Processing ◽  
Hearing Threshold ◽  
Auditory Pathway ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Auditory Threshold ◽  
Auditory Brainstem Responses ◽  
P Value ◽  
Conduction Time ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 2

Introduction and Aim: Aging of the auditory pathway is a complex phenomenon consisting of changes in the auditory processing along with a significant elevation of the hearing threshold. The aim of our study was to see the variation in interpeak latencies (IPLs) of Auditory Brainstem Responses (ABRs) with advancing age in males.   Materials and Methods: It was an observational study conducted on 60 Indian male subjects aged between 20 and 80 years divided into three groups on the basis of age: Group 1: 20-40 years, Group 2: 41-60 years and Group 3: 61-80 years. Auditory threshold and ABRs were recorded and analysed for interpeak latencies (IPLs) – I-III,I-V and III-V in msec.The comparison of data between the groups was done using one – way ANOVA and Tukey Kramer multiple comparison test. The results were considered significantly different between the groups when ‘P value’ was ? 0.05.   Results: It was found that there was no significant difference in the auditory threshold and interpeak latencies (IPLs) when comparison was made between the three groups.   Conclusion: Hence we conclude thatage does not have any significant influence on neural conduction time of the auditory pathway which is represented by the IPLs in ABRs.  

scholarly journals Neural Measures of Pitch Processing in EEG Responses to Running Speech

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florine L. Bachmann ◽  
Ewen N. MacDonald ◽  
Jens Hjortkjær
Keyword(s):  
Speech Signal ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Auditory Brainstem Responses ◽  
Speech Stimuli ◽  
Relative Pitch ◽  
Cortical Responses ◽  
Brainstem Response ◽  
Signal Yield ◽  
Model Predictor

Linearized encoding models are increasingly employed to model cortical responses to running speech. Recent extensions to subcortical responses suggest clinical perspectives, potentially complementing auditory brainstem responses (ABRs) or frequency-following responses (FFRs) that are current clinical standards. However, while it is well-known that the auditory brainstem responds both to transient amplitude variations and the stimulus periodicity that gives rise to pitch, these features co-vary in running speech. Here, we discuss challenges in disentangling the features that drive the subcortical response to running speech. Cortical and subcortical electroencephalographic (EEG) responses to running speech from 19 normal-hearing listeners (12 female) were analyzed. Using forward regression models, we confirm that responses to the rectified broadband speech signal yield temporal response functions consistent with wave V of the ABR, as shown in previous work. Peak latency and amplitude of the speech-evoked brainstem response were correlated with standard click-evoked ABRs recorded at the vertex electrode (Cz). Similar responses could be obtained using the fundamental frequency (F0) of the speech signal as model predictor. However, simulations indicated that dissociating responses to temporal fine structure at the F0 from broadband amplitude variations is not possible given the high co-variance of the features and the poor signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of subcortical EEG responses. In cortex, both simulations and data replicated previous findings indicating that envelope tracking on frontal electrodes can be dissociated from responses to slow variations in F0 (relative pitch). Yet, no association between subcortical F0-tracking and cortical responses to relative pitch could be detected. These results indicate that while subcortical speech responses are comparable to click-evoked ABRs, dissociating pitch-related processing in the auditory brainstem may be challenging with natural speech stimuli.

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