On the necessary complexity of modeling of the Polar Mesosphere Summer Echo Overshoot Effect

2012 ◽  
Vol 78 (3) ◽  
pp. 225-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
ALEXANDER BIEBRICHER ◽  
OVE HAVNES ◽  
RADOVAN BAST

AbstractRecent numerical studies of the Polar Mesosphere Summer Echo (PMSE) Overshoot Effect predict the basic shape of the Overshoot Characteristic Curve (OCC) to undergo dramatic changes as the frequency of the radar decreases. Principally, this may render earlier modeling, which assumed near-instantaneous diffusion of electrons and ions, moot and exacerbate algebraic analysis of OCC obtained in the future with, e.g. the MORRO-radar (56 MHz) and a synchronized radio wave emitter, both at or near the European Incoherent Scatter (EISCAT) Scientific Association's site in Ramfjordmoen near Tromsø, Norway. Since, however, by far the most observational results on the PMSE Overshoot Effect have been assembled with the help of the Very High Frequency (VHF, 224 MHz) radar and the an Ultra High Frequency (UHF, 929 MHz) radar, both at the EISCAT site, we examine more closely whether near-instantaneous diffusion is a valid assumption for these particular frequencies. We show that, indeed, the earlier less complex and analytically more accessible model can still be considered sufficient for most, if not all, existing experimental data.

Nature ◽  
1955 ◽  
Vol 175 (4465) ◽  
pp. 949-950 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. R. HAY ◽  
T. R. HARTZ

2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (02) ◽  
pp. 163-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
TIMOTHY S. NELSON ◽  
COURTNEY L. SUHR ◽  
DEAN R. FREESTONE ◽  
ALAN LAI ◽  
AMY J. HALLIDAY ◽  
...  

A closed-loop system for the automated detection and control of epileptic seizures was created and tested in three Genetic Absence Epilepsy Rats from Strasbourg (GAERS) rats. In this preliminary study, a set of four EEG features were used to detect seizures and three different electrical stimulation strategies (standard (130 Hz), very high (500 Hz) and ultra high (1000 Hz)) were delivered to terminate seizures. Seizure durations were significantly shorter with all three stimulation strategies when compared to non-stimulated (control) seizures. We used mean seizure duration of epileptiform discharges persisting beyond the end of electrical stimulation as a measure of stimulus efficacy. When compared to the duration of seizures stimulated in the standard approach (7.0 s ± 10.1), both very high and ultra high frequency stimulation strategies were more effective at shortening seizure durations (1.3 ± 2.2 s and 3.5 ± 6.4 s respectively). Further studies are warranted to further understand the mechanisms by which this therapeutic effect may be conveyed, and which of the novel aspects of the very high and ultra high frequency stimulation strategies may have contributed to the improvement in seizure abatement performance when compared to standard electrical stimulation approaches.


Radio Science ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (11) ◽  
pp. 934-948
Author(s):  
Daniel J. Breton ◽  
Caitlin E. Haedrich ◽  
Matthew J. Kamrath ◽  
D. Keith Wilson

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