Myriospora, a genus newly reported for Antarctica with a worldwide key to the species

2018 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-112
Author(s):  
O. W. PURVIS ◽  
S. FERNÁNDEZ-BRIME ◽  
M. WESTBERG ◽  
M. WEDIN
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
First Record ◽  
Mica Schist ◽  
Orkney Islands ◽  
Signy Island ◽  
South Orkney Islands ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic

AbstractMyriospora signyensis Purvis, Fdez-Brime, M. Westb. & Wedin is described from Signy Island, South Orkney Islands, Antarctica, where it occurs predominantly on quartz mica schist. This represents the first record of the genus for Antarctica. The distinctive interrupted photobiont arrangement places it within the genus Myriospora (formerly known as the ‘Acarospora’ smaragdula group, or Silobia). The new species is characterized by having large, distinctly elevated, sessile apothecia with a prominent margin and a thallus that is usually lobed at the margins and variously orange-red, rust-coloured or brown-pigmented. Molecular phylogenetic analyses inferred with strong support that M. signyensis is closely related to M. scabrida which is similar in having a lobed, imbricate thallus with large and frequently somewhat raised apothecia, but which differs in never being rusty red, by frequently having a larger number of apothecia per areole/squamule and by having a thick and distinctive thalline epinecral layer. Myriospora signyensis is otherwise most similar to M. dilatata but the thallus of M. dilatata is never imbricate-lobate and the ascomata of M. signyensis have larger and more distinctly raised and sessile apothecia. A worldwide key to the 10 species currently recognized in the genus is presented.

Theudium Austroatlanticum (Verrucariaceae), A New Species from the South Orkney Islands

1993 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 271-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan Orange
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
The South ◽  
Orkney Islands ◽  
Signy Island ◽  
South Orkney Islands ◽  
A New Species

AbstractThelidium austroatlanticum sp. nov. is described from Signy island; it is characterized by an epilithic thallus, more or less appressed involucrellum, and 1-septate spores 30–40 μm long. Thelidium incavatum is also reported for Signy Island.

Paramonostomum signiensis n.sp. (Trematoda: Notocotylidae) from the Sheathbill, Chionis alba (Gmelin), at Signy Island, South Orkney Islands

1969 ◽  
Vol 43 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 53-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. V. Jones ◽  
I. C. Williams
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Parasitological Examination ◽  
Orkney Islands ◽  
British Antarctic Survey ◽  
Signy Island ◽  
South Orkney Islands ◽  
A New Species

Through the generous co-operation of the British Antarctic Survey twelve Sheathbills were collected in April, 1967 at Signy Island, preserved in deep freeze, and made available to us for parasitological examination. Five of the Sheathbills were found to be infected with a new species of notocotylid trematode, namely Paramonostomum signiensis n.sp., which is described below and considered in relation to other species of Paramonostomum Lühe, 1909.

scholarly journals Litinium gludi sp. nov. (Nematoda, Oxystominidae) from Kermadec Trench, Southwest Pacific Ocean

2021 ◽  
Vol 748 ◽  
pp. 138-154
Author(s):  
Daniel Leduc ◽  
Zeng Qi Zhao
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Pacific Ocean ◽  
Reproductive System ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
Female Reproductive System ◽  
Deep Basin ◽  
Southwest Pacific ◽  
System A ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic

Recent work on the taxonomy of nematodes in Southwest Pacific Ocean trenches has led to the discovery of taxa which so far appear to be restricted to the oceans’ deepest environments. Here, Litinium gludi sp. nov. is described based on specimens obtained from a deep basin within the Kermadec Trench at 9540 m water depth. The new species differs from other species of the genus in having a conico-cylindrical tail, papillose labial sensilla, and heart- or leaf-shaped amphideal fovea. Both SSU and LSU phylogenetic analyses provide strong support for the placement of the new species within a clade containing both Thalassoalaimus and Litinum, and within Oxystomininae, which is consistent with the structure of the female reproductive system with only one posterior ovary in this subfamily. Our molecular analyses also indicate that the new species is most closely related to Thalassoalaimus despite lacking a caudal capsule, the main trait characterizing the latter genus, and despite being most morphologically similar to Litinium, particularly in the unusual shape of the amphideal fovea. However, given the changing definitions of the closely-related genera Thalassoalaimus and Litinium in recent years, available GenBank sequences may have been misidentified, which makes the interpretation of molecular phylogenetic analyses problematic. Given the current morphological definitions of Litinium and Thalassoalaimus, we choose to place the new species within Litinium, despite the apparently contradictory findings of molecular phylogenetic analyses. The placement of Cricohalalaimus in a clade with Thalassoalaimus and Litinium in both SSU and LSU analyses indicates that this genus should be placed within the Oxystomininae and not the Halalaiminae as in the current classification. This new proposed grouping is consistent with variation in the structure of the female reproductive system, a feature which appears more taxonomically informative than amphid shape for subfamily-level classification.

Asian Betylobraconinae (Hymenoptera, Braconidae), with description of a new genus and phylogenetic affinities of the tribe Facitorini

2008 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Sáez ◽  
Kaoru Maeto ◽  
Alejandro Zaldivar-Riverón ◽  
Sergey Belokobylskij
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Type Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
28S Rrna ◽  
Asian Region ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Phylogenetic Affinities ◽  
One New Species ◽  
Rrna Sequences

AbstractThe taxonomy of the Asian genera of the subfamily Betylobraconinae, a small and understudied group within the hymenopteran family Braconidae, is revised. A new genus exclusively from the Asian region, Asiabregma gen. nov., containing three species (A. ryukyuensis sp. nov. (type species, Japan and Malaya), A. makiharai sp. nov. (Japan) and A. sulaensis (van Achterberg), comb. nov. (Indonesia)) is described. One new species of Aulosaphobracon, A. striatus sp. nov. from Vietnam, and one of Facitorus, F. amamioshimus sp. nov. from Japan, are also described. Based on molecular phylogenetic analyses using COI mtDNA and 28S rRNA sequences, the three genera previously placed in the tribe Facitorini, Facitorus, Conobregma and Jannya, together with Asiabregma gen. nov., are transferred to the rogadine tribe Yeliconini.

Tracing the origins of hybrids through history: monstrous cultivars and Napoléon Bonaparte’s exiled paper daisies (Asteraceae; Gnaphalieae)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy L Collins ◽  
Jeremy J Bruhl ◽  
Alexander N Schmidt-Lebuhn ◽  
Ian R H Telford ◽  
Rose L Andrew
Keyword(s):  
Gene Flow ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
Napoleon Bonaparte ◽  
Snp Data ◽  
Cast Doubt ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
St Helena ◽  
New Evidence

Abstract Golden everlasting paper daisies (Xerochrysum, Gnaphalieae, Asteraceae) were some of the earliest Australian native plants to be cultivated in Europe. Reputedly a favourite of Napoléon Bonaparte and Empress Joséphine, X. bracteatum is thought to have been introduced to the island of St Helena in the South Atlantic during Napoléon’s exile there. Colourful cultivars were developed in the 1850s, and there is a widely held view that these were produced by crossing Xerochrysum with African or Asian Helichrysum spp. Recent molecular phylogenetic analyses and subtribal classification of Gnaphalieae cast doubt on this idea. Using single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data, we looked for evidence of gene flow between modern cultivars, naturalized paper daisies from St Helena and four Xerochrysum spp. recorded in Europe in the 1800s. There was strong support for gene flow between cultivars and X. macranthum. Paper daisies from St Helena were genotypically congruent with X. bracteatum and showed no indications of ancestry from other species or from the cultivars, consistent with the continuous occurrence of naturalized paper daisies introduced by Joséphine and Napoléon. We also present new evidence for the origin of colourful Xerochrysum cultivars and hybridization of congeners in Europe from Australian collections.

Description of Ditylenchus acantholimonis n. sp. (Rhabditida: Anguinidae) from Iran, a morphological and molecular phylogenetic study

Nematology ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Samira Aliverdi ◽  
Ebrahim Pourjam ◽  
Majid Pedram
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Rhizosphere Soil ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Phylogenetic Study ◽  
Pharyngeal Bulb ◽  
Lateral Field ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic Study ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Golestan Province ◽  
Tail Tip

Summary Ditylenchus acantholimonis n. sp. is described based on morphological, morphometric and molecular characters. It was isolated from the rhizosphere soil of Acantholimon sp. in Golestan province, Iran, and is mainly characterised by having four lines in the lateral field, a pyriform to bottle-shaped offset pharyngeal bulb, post-vulval uterine sac 36.6-56.1% of the vulva to anus distance long, and a subcylindrical to conical tail with widely rounded tip. It is further characterised by short to medium-sized females, 480-617 μm long, with a fine stylet having small rounded knobs, V = 80.8-83.6, c = 11.0-13.8, c′ = 3.3-4.6, and males with 16.0-17.0 μm long spicules. The new species was morphologically compared with six species having four lines in their lateral field, rounded tail tip and comparable morphometric data namely: D. dipsacoideus, D. emus, D. exilis, D. paraparvus, D. sturhani, and D. solani. It was also compared with two species, D. ferepolitor and D. angustus, forming a maximally supported clade in the 18S tree. The phylogenetic analyses using the maximal number of Anguinidae and several Sphaerularioidea genera based upon partial 18S and 28S rDNA D2-D3 sequences revealed that Ditylenchus is polyphyletic. In the 18S tree, the new species formed a clade with D. ferepolitor (KJ636374) and D. angustus (AJ966483); in the 28S tree it formed a poorly supported clade with D. phyllobios (KT192618) and Ditylenchus sp. (MG865719).

scholarly journals New Species of Tomentella (Thelephorales, Basidiomycota) from Temperate Continental Mountain Climate of China (Xinjiang Region)

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 1531
Author(s):  
Xu Lu ◽  
Haisheng Yuan
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Northwest China ◽  
Tropical Regions ◽  
Mountain Climate ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Three New Species ◽  
Xinjiang Autonomous Region

Species in the genus Tomentella are distributed throughout the temperate and tropical regions worldwide, but few studies associated with the taxonomy and phylogeny of this genus had been reported from Northwest China. In this paper, molecular phylogenetic analyses of the nuclear ribosomal ITS (internal transcribed spacer: ITS1-5.8S-ITS2) and LSU (large subunit: 28S) sequences combined with morphological characteristics identified three new species from Xinjiang Autonomous Region in Northwest China, which were named T. aurantispora, T. kanasensis, and T. schrenkiana. Similar macromorphological and anatomical characteristics are shared by these new species: arachnoid basidiocarps; byssoid sterile margins; utriform basidia with a clamp connection at the base; the absence of rhizomorphs and cystidia; and slightly thick-walled, subglobose to globose basidiospores. Among these new species, the color of the hymenophoral surface, the size of the basidiospores, and some other features can be used for species delimitation. The new species and closely related species in the phylogenetic tree were discussed, and a key to the identified species of Tomentella from China was provided.

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