The Mechanism of active capture of animal food by the Sergestid Shrimp Acetes Sibogae Australis

1998 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 497-508 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lachlan Mcleay ◽  
C.G. Alexander
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Prey Capture ◽  
Size Range ◽  
The Third ◽  
Feeding Modes ◽  
In Captivity ◽  
Combined Actions ◽  
Wide Size Range ◽  
Scanning Electron

Combining the use of scanning electron microscopy and microcinematography with functional and behavioural observations has clarified many aspects underlying the feeding processes of the small planktonic sergestid shrimp Acetes sibogae australis. In captivity Acetes sibogae australis is an opportunistic feeder that uses four principal feeding modes to capture a wide size range of prey: Artemia nauplii (<0.33 mm), copepods (<1mm) and moribund Acetes (up to 25 mm). Prey capture is effected by combined actions of the first three pairs of pereiopods and the third maxillipeds before transfer to the more dorsal second maxillipeds. The second maxillipeds are the principal appendages used in securing, manipulating, sorting and rejecting prey before insertion into the vicinity of the inner mouthparts.

An emendation of the generic diagnosis of Phoreiobothrium Linton, 1889 (Tetraphyllidea: Onchobothriidae) with a detailed description of bothridia and hooks

1985 ◽  
Vol 63 (5) ◽  
pp. 1199-1206 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. N. Caira
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Monophyletic Group ◽  
Generic Diagnosis ◽  
The Third ◽  
Scanning Electron

Hook terminology for the three-pronged hooks of Phoreiobothrium Linton, 1889 is reconciled with that for two-pronged hooks such that the two outermost prongs are considered homologous with the prongs of a two-pronged hook and the third inner prong is termed the basal prong. Scanning electron microscopy was performed on the scolex of Phoreiobothrium lasium Linton, 1889 and the solid nature of the bothridia was reconfirmed. Examination of material of all four species of Phoreiobothrium leads to the conclusion that each species possesses three-pronged hooks that are hollow and open to the outside via pores. The bothridia of each species are considered to be horizontally divided into two loculi, the posterior one being recessed and vertically subdivided. The diagnosis of the genus Phoreiobothrium is emended, and the four species allocated to it are redescribed. Phoreiobothrium is determined to be a monophyletic group on the basis of two synapomorphies and a key to the four species of the genus is presented.

Identification of larvae of two Aphodius Helwig, 1798 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Aphodiinae) species using morphology and DNA barcode

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5047 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-164
Author(s):  
ANDREY V. FROLOV ◽  
MARIA S. VISHNEVSKAYA ◽  
LILIA A. AKHMETOVA
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Dna Barcode ◽  
The Third ◽  
Coi Sequences ◽  
First Time ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Third Instar Larvae

The third instar larvae of Aphodius (Alocoderus) hydrochaeris (Fabricius, 1798) and A. (Bodilus) ictericus (Laicharting, 1781) are described based on scanning electron microscopy and COI sequences. COI barcode sequence for A. (A.) hydrohaeris is provided for the first time. Two haplotypes are discovered in A. (B.) ictericus.  

First zoeal stage of the snapping shrimps Alpheus formosus Gibbes, 1850 and Alpheus malleator Dana, 1852 (Caridea: Alpheidae), with new characters to the genus

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4820 (3) ◽  
pp. 540-550 ◽  
Author(s):  
KARMINE PASINATTO ◽  
FERNANDO L. MANTELATTO ◽  
MARIANA TEROSSI
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Zoeal Stage ◽  
Proximal Segment ◽  
Anal Spine ◽  
The Third ◽  
Snapping Shrimps ◽  
First Time ◽  
Scanning Electron

The first zoeae of Alpheus formosus Gibbes, 1850 and Alpheus malleator Dana, 1852 are described and illustrated for the first time, based on laboratory-hatched larvae from parental females sampled in Vitória Island, Ubatuba, Brazil. Both species shared many characters with other species of genus Alpheus Fabricius, 1798, but they also have some exclusive characters as 10 setae on the basis of the maxilla, first maxilliped with endopod 2-segmented and exopod 4-segmented, second maxilliped with exopod 4-segmented, presence of bud only of the first pereopod, presence of anal spine and simple dorsal setae on the pleon. The zoea I of both species, nevertheless, can be separated by segmentation in the exopod of the antenna (8 in A. formosus, 6 in A. malleator); segmentation in the endopod and exopod of the third maxilliped (5 in A. formosus and 4 in A. malleator); peduncle of antennule 3-segmented in A. formosus (unsegmented or 2-segmented in other species) and presence of a medial tubercle in the proximal segment in the exopod of the antenna of A. malleator (absent in A. formosus, not reported in all other species). In this study three new characters are proposed to be analyzed in zoea of the genus Alpheus: presence of anal spine in both species (absent in Alpheus saxidomus Holthuis, 1980, but not reported in other species) and for the first time reported, presence of a tubercle in the exopod of the antenna (present only in A. malleator) and presence of simple dorsal setae on the pleon (both species), here analyzed under light and scanning electron microscopy.

Predation on copepods by an Alaskan cladorhizid sponge

2007 ◽  
Vol 87 (6) ◽  
pp. 1721-1726 ◽  
Author(s):  
Les Watling
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Lipid Content ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Prey Capture ◽  
Primary Process ◽  
High Lipid ◽  
Very High ◽  
Prey Items ◽  
Scanning Electron

Deep water cladorhizids are now generally thought to be carnivorous. While the methods of prey capture have been established for species of Asbestopluma, and perhaps Chondrocladia, information is sparse for species of Cladorhiza. The external morphology of the deep-sea Alaskan species, Cladorhiza corona, was examined immediately after collection, and then again later using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). All sponges examined had captured, and in most cases, fully encased, prey items which for the most part consisted of planktonic copepods. The hypothesis of this paper is that the primary process of prey capture is by means of a sticky substance and that prey stick to the sponge on contact. The abundant cladorhizid anisochelae do not seem to be arranged in a manner such that they can be used for prey capture as has been seen in Asbestopluma. Digestion of the prey occurs in a temporary cavity created by migrating sponge cells. Within this cavity lipid from the copepod is liberated, then absorbed and transported to the central part of the sponge. It is not known how much of the remaining tissue of the copepod is digested. Copepods have very high lipid content so their capture would provide the sponge with abundant energy from each prey item. The sponges seem to have their highest density in areas where bottom flow and migrating copepod numbers are both high.

Scanning Electron Microscopy of the Third-Instar Piophila casei (Diptera: Piophilidae), a Fly Species of Forensic Importance

2001 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 756-759 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kabkaew L. Sukontason ◽  
Kom Sukontason ◽  
Somsak Piangjai ◽  
Wej Choochote ◽  
Roy C. Vogtsberger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
The Third ◽  
Scanning Electron

Observations on North American Gomphoneis. III. Gomphoneis septa comb.nov.

1986 ◽  
Vol 64 (11) ◽  
pp. 2764-2768 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. Kociolek ◽  
E. F. Stoermer ◽  
L. L. Bahls
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
North American ◽  
Size Range ◽  
Taxonomic Position ◽  
Apical Pore ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Ultrastructural Characteristics ◽  
Scanning Electron

The valvar ultrastructure of the diatom Gomphonema septum Mogh. was investigated with scanning electron microscopy and is discussed with regard to the taxonomic position of this species. Ultrastructural features include striae composed of double rows of puncta, presence of a narrow axial plate which is responsible for the image of longitudinal lines, and apical pore fields composed of pores dissimilar in appearance from the puncta. These and other ultrastructural characteristics point to a close relationship between G. septum and members of the genus Gomphoneis. A transfer of Gomphonema septum to Gomphoneis is proposed. Information supplemental to previous observations on the size range and variability of this species is presented.

scholarly journals Abrasive wear in wear plates and hard coatings applied by welding with shielded electrode

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (46) ◽  
Author(s):  
José Luddey Marulanda-Arévalo ◽  
Luz Adriana Cañas-Mendoza ◽  
Jairo Alberto Barón-Jaimez
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Abrasive Wear ◽  
Linear Growth ◽  
Hard Coatings ◽  
Electric Welding ◽  
The Third ◽  
Hardness Tests ◽  
Scanning Electron

Performance against abrasive wear was evaluated (in compliance with the ASTM G-65 standard) for both wear plates and hard coatings applied by electric welding. The characterization of the coatings was achieved by using hardness tests, optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Although it was observed a direct correlation between hardness and wear resistance, a linear growth pattern was not followed. Besides the information from the hardness tests, data regarding the distribution and shape of the carbides in the welding bead are also necessary to choose the hard coating applied by welding, to protect against abrasive wear. Base metal and coatings had satisfactory joint, due to their dilution; the first welding layer had less hardness than the third welding layer.

Scanning electron microscopy of the pit of the maxillary palp of selected species of Culicoides

1972 ◽  
Vol 50 (9) ◽  
pp. 1207-1210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wayne A. Rowley ◽  
Marcia Cornford
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Maxillary Palp ◽  
Large Mammals ◽  
The Third ◽  
Interspecific Differences ◽  
Culicoides Variipennis ◽  
Maxillary Palps ◽  
Scanning Electron

The pits on the third segment of the maxillary palps of Culicoides variipennis, C. obsoletus, C. crepuscularis, C. haematopotus, and C. guttipennis were studied with the scanning electron microscope. The size and shape of the palpal pits and the type and number of sensilla were determined for females of each species and for males of C. variipennis and C. crepuscularis. The bulb-shaped sensilla are remarkably similar in all species, but there are considerable interspecific differences in the size of the pits and in the number of sensilla. The two species that normally feed on large mammals (C. obsoletus and C. variipennis) have significantly fewer sensilla per pit than do species considered ornithophilic. Also, males have fewer sensilla than do females of the same species.

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