scholarly journals On a hexactinellid sponge aggregation at the Great Meteor seamount (North-east Atlantic)

2015 ◽  
Vol 95 (7) ◽  
pp. 1389-1394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joana R. Xavier ◽  
Inês Tojeira ◽  
Rob W.M. Van Soest
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
East Atlantic ◽  
Azores Archipelago ◽  
North East ◽  
Hexactinellid Sponge ◽  
Glass Sponges ◽  
Great Meteor Seamount ◽  
Scanning Electron

Hexactinellids or glass sponges constitute a predominantly deep-sea sponge group typically occurring at bathyal and abyssal depths. Some species form dense populations along the European and African continental slope but the distribution and extent of these populations remains ill known and the driving factors behind their occurrence poorly understood. Here we report an aggregation of the hexactinellid sponge Poliopogon amadou Thomson, 1878 at ~2700 m depth on the Great Meteor seamount, a large seamount located southern of the Azores archipelago. A description of the species, along with scanning electron microscopy of its spicules, is provided.

Predation on copepods by an Alaskan cladorhizid sponge

2007 ◽  
Vol 87 (6) ◽  
pp. 1721-1726 ◽  
Author(s):  
Les Watling
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Lipid Content ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Prey Capture ◽  
Primary Process ◽  
High Lipid ◽  
Very High ◽  
Prey Items ◽  
Scanning Electron

Deep water cladorhizids are now generally thought to be carnivorous. While the methods of prey capture have been established for species of Asbestopluma, and perhaps Chondrocladia, information is sparse for species of Cladorhiza. The external morphology of the deep-sea Alaskan species, Cladorhiza corona, was examined immediately after collection, and then again later using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). All sponges examined had captured, and in most cases, fully encased, prey items which for the most part consisted of planktonic copepods. The hypothesis of this paper is that the primary process of prey capture is by means of a sticky substance and that prey stick to the sponge on contact. The abundant cladorhizid anisochelae do not seem to be arranged in a manner such that they can be used for prey capture as has been seen in Asbestopluma. Digestion of the prey occurs in a temporary cavity created by migrating sponge cells. Within this cavity lipid from the copepod is liberated, then absorbed and transported to the central part of the sponge. It is not known how much of the remaining tissue of the copepod is digested. Copepods have very high lipid content so their capture would provide the sponge with abundant energy from each prey item. The sponges seem to have their highest density in areas where bottom flow and migrating copepod numbers are both high.

Sponge fauna associated with a Mediterranean deep-sea coral bank

2005 ◽  
Vol 85 (6) ◽  
pp. 1341-1352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caterina Longo ◽  
Francesco Mastrototaro ◽  
Giuseppe Corriero
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Endemic Species ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
Electron Microscopy Analysis ◽  
Microscopy Analysis ◽  
First Time ◽  
Scanning Electron

Thirty species of sponges (29 Demospongiae, 1 Hexactinellida) have been recorded in association with a white coral bank situated off Cape S. Maria di Leuca (southern Italy) at depths ranging from 430 to 1160 metres. Notwithstanding the occurrence of clearly eurybathic species, two depth-dependent sponge groups can be identified along the bathymetric gradient. Two species, Geodia nodastrella and Plocamiopsis signata, are reported for the first time from the Mediterranean Sea. The sponge assemblage shows a higher affinity with the fauna from the Boreal region, with very low number of Mediterranean endemic species. Systematic notes concerning the poorly known and intriguing species, studied using scanning electron microscopy analysis, are reported.

Using analytical pyrolysis and scanning electron microscopy to evaluate charcoal formation of four wood taxa from the caatinga of north-east Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 151 ◽  
pp. 104909 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego Tamburini ◽  
Caroline R Cartwright ◽  
Peter Gasson ◽  
Jeannette Jacqueline Łucejko ◽  
Claudia Luizon Dias Leme
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Analytical Pyrolysis ◽  
North East ◽  
Scanning Electron

Setal morphology in cirripedes: a useful tool in phylogenetic studies?

2011 ◽  
Vol 92 (2) ◽  
pp. 305-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.J. Walley
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Shell Structure ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Littoral Zone ◽  
Dna Analysis ◽  
Soft Body ◽  
Barnacle Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Studies ◽  
Scanning Electron

The morphology of the setae, on the mouthparts and the cirri of 33 barnacle species, was investigated by scanning electron microscopy. The species examined were selected from a range of pedunculate and balanomorph families living in a variety of habitats from the littoral zone to deep-sea vents. It was found that the setae could be divided into five groups: simple, denticulate, setulate, plumo-denticulate and aesthetascs. The categories were subdivided resulting in 43 setal types being recognized. Balanomorph cirripedes were found to have a greater variety of setae than pedunculates. Setulate setae on the cirri, and specialized setae on the mandibular palps and the first maxillae tended to be associated with the development of the balanomorph form. Setal type was correlated with taxonomy, whether based on shell structure and soft body morphology or DNA analysis, but with some anomalies which deserve further investigation. The problems of reconciling the proposed cirripede setal categories with those described in the Decapoda are discussed.

Vincetoxicum luridum (Asclepiadeae, Asclepiadoideae, Apocynaceae), a new and long misunderstood endemic species from Balochistan, Pakistan

Phytotaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 357 (2) ◽  
pp. 117 ◽  
Author(s):  
SAYED A. SHAH ◽  
AMIR SULTAN ◽  
JUN WEN ◽  
SURAT U. NISA ◽  
XU SU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
New Species ◽  
Endemic Species ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
North East ◽  
South West ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Scanning Electron

We here describe a new species, Vincetoxicum luridum, from South West Balochistan. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of leaves and seeds, palynology and chorology support the recognition of V. luridum. The lurid appearance, dense pubescence and ovate corona lobes readily distinguish V. luridum from the closely related species V. stocksii which is endemic to North East Balochistan. We illustrate V. luridum, and confirm the significance of corona morphology for classification of Vincetoxicum in Pakistan. Presently, the V. arnottianum complex comprise four species with purple flowers viz., V. arnottianum, V. sakesarense, V. luridum and V. stocksii. In this study we also present the geographic distribution and a taxonomic key to the taxa of V. arnottianum complex.

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