Exposure of small mammals to ticks and rickettsiae in Atlantic Forest patches in the metropolitan area of Recife, North-eastern Brazil

Parasitology ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 139 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
FILIPE DANTAS-TORRES ◽  
FILIPE MARTINS ALÉSSIO ◽  
DANIEL BARRETO SIQUEIRA ◽  
JEAN-FRANÇOIS MAUFFREY ◽  
MARIA FERNANDA V. MARVULO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Small Mammals ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Forest Fragments ◽  
Forest Patches ◽  
Tick Density ◽  
Eastern Brazil ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Forest Strata

SUMMARYBetween December 2007 and March 2009, small mammals were captured in 6 Atlantic Forest patches in Brazil. We assessed tick-host associations and whether they differ among forest strata, sites, seasons, and host age classes or between sexes. Moreover, we assessed the exposure of animals to Rickettsia spp. In total, 432 animals were captured and 808 ticks were found on 32·9% of them. Significant differences were found among host species, collection sites, and forest strata; microhabitat preference was a strong risk factor for tick infestation. The highest tick density rates were recorded in forest fragments settled in rural areas; 91·3% of the ticks were collected from animals trapped in these forest fragments. A high prevalence (68·8%) of antibodies to Rickettsia spp. was detected among animals. This study suggests that disturbed Atlantic Forest fragments provide an environment for ticks and small mammals, which are highly exposed to rickettsiae. It also indicates that forest patches settled in rural areas are usually associated with higher small mammal diversity as well as with higher tick density rates.

scholarly journals Habitat fragmentation and primate conservation in the Atlantic Forest of eastern Minas Gerais, Brazil

Oryx ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 192-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen F. Ferrari ◽  
Vânia H. Diego
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Howler Monkey ◽  
Forest Fragments ◽  
Private Land ◽  
Forest Patches ◽  
Eastern Brazil ◽  
Forest Remnants ◽  
Privately Owned

Reduced to a tiny fraction of its original area, much of the Atlantic Forest habitat remaining in eastern Brazil is distributed in small, isolated patches on private land. The potential role of these fragments in the conservation of the region's primate fauna is poorly understood. As part of a study of buffy-headed marmosets Callithrix flavicepsin Minas Gerais, forest remnants were visited in order to evaluate this potential. Marmosets were observed in one-third of the sites and may exist in up to 60 per cent of forest patches in the region. A second threatened primate, the brown howler monkeyAlouatta fusca,may occur in one-quarter of the sites visited. The muriquiBrachyteles arachnoideswas not encountered. Overall, the survey suggests that, with appropriate management, privately owned forest fragments may play an increasingly important role in the conservation of the Atlantic Forest's fauna in this and other regions.

scholarly journals The small mammals of the highly impacted North-eastern Atlantic Forest of Brazil, Pernambuco Endemism Center

2009 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo Henrique Asfora ◽  
Antonio Rossano Mendes Pontes
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Small Mammals ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Red List ◽  
Forest Fragments ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Abundance Indices ◽  
Small Mammal Community ◽  
Marsupial Species

The Atlantic forest of Brazil is nowadays reduced to less than 8% of its total original area and yet many species remain to be described. The Atlantic Forest north to the São Francisco river - The Pernambuco Endemism Center (CEPE) - has less than 2% of its original forest cover and yet the knowledge on small mammals is scarce. Aiming to assess the small mammal community of this region surveys were carried out in 12 forest fragments of different sizes in distinct geographic areas of the CEPE. The capture-mark-recapture technique was used with live-traps set along linear transects. We recorded 15 species, two of which are in the IUCN Red List, but not in the Brazilian List of Threatened Species. The highest richness and abundance indices were recorded in medium-sized fragments and in the rainy season. More marsupial species were recorded compared to rodents. Our results suggest that fragmentation caused the extinction of those most specialized species, currently remaining only those most tolerant to fragmentation and urbanization. It is recommended that urgent measures should be taken to reconnect and restore these fragments to allow recolonization and reestablishment of the gene flow among the populations.

Ectoparasites of bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera) in Atlantic forest fragments in north-eastern Brazil

2016 ◽  
Vol 115 (10) ◽  
pp. 3759-3765 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rayanna Hellem Santos Bezerra ◽  
Pedro Fonseca de Vasconcelos ◽  
Adriana Bocchiglieri
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Forest Fragments ◽  
Eastern Brazil ◽  
North Eastern

scholarly journals Small mammal glucocorticoid concentrations vary with forest fragment size, trap type, and mammal taxa in the Interior Atlantic Forest

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah A. Boyle ◽  
Noé U. de la Sancha ◽  
Pastor Pérez ◽  
David Kabelik
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Small Mammals ◽  
Acute Stress ◽  
Physiological Stress ◽  
Fragment Size ◽  
Hair Shaft ◽  
Forest Fragments ◽  
Forest Fragment ◽  
Trapping Methods ◽  
Free Ranging

AbstractSpecies that live in degraded habitats often show signs of physiological stress. Glucocorticoid hormones (e.g., corticosterone and cortisol) are often assessed as a proxy of the extent of physiological stress an animal has experienced. Our goal was to quantify glucocorticoids in free-ranging small mammals in fragments of Interior Atlantic Forest. We extracted glucocorticoids from fur samples of 106 small mammals (rodent genera Akodon and Oligoryzomys, and marsupial genera Gracilinanus and Marmosa) from six forest fragments (2–1200 ha) in the Reserva Natural Tapytá, Caazapá Department, Paraguay. To our knowledge, this is the first publication of corticosterone and cortisol levels for three of the four sampled genera (Akodon, Oligoryzomys, and Marmosa) in this forest system. We discovered three notable results. First, as predicted, glucocorticoid levels were higher in individuals living withing small forest fragments. Second, animals captured live using restraint trapping methods (Sherman traps) had higher glucocorticoid levels than those animals captured using kill traps (Victor traps), suggesting that hair glucocorticoid measures can reflect acute stress levels in addition to long-term glucocorticoid incorporation. These acute levels are likely due to urinary steroids diffusing into the hair shaft. This finding raises a concern about the use of certain trapping techniques in association with fur hormone analysis. Finally, as expected, we also detected genus-specific differences in glucocorticoid levels, as well as cortisol/corticosterone ratios.

Ticks on small mammals from an ecotone region impacted by rural activities in Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 427-437
Author(s):  
Rafael Quirino Moreira ◽  
Vanessa Do Nascimento Ramos ◽  
Adriane Suzin ◽  
Diego Garcia Ramirez ◽  
Paulo Ricardo De Oliveira Roth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Small Mammals ◽  
Mus Musculus ◽  
Tick Species ◽  
Rattus Rattus ◽  
Riparian Forests ◽  
Forest Fragments ◽  
Cerrado Biome ◽  
Didelphis Albiventris

We evaluated the role of communities of small mammals from three distinct areas in a region of Cerrado mixed with Atlantic Forest remains for maintenance of tick fauna. Thirty-nine marsupials (Gracilinanus agilis, n = 34; Marmosa paraguaiana, n = 4; Didelphis albiventris, n = 1) and 33 rodents (Oecomys cleberi, n = 10; Nectomys squamipes, n = 4; Calomys tener, n = 4; Hylaeamys megacephalus, n = 4; Akodon sp., n = 3; Rattus rattus, n = 3; Cerradomys subflavus, n = 2; Mus musculus, n = 2; Rhipidomys macrurus, n = 1) were captured. Solely G. agilis and the four rodent species (N. squamipes, R. macrurus, C. subflavus and Akodon sp.) were infested. Four tick species were collected (Amblyomma dubitatum, Amblyomma sculptum, Ixodes loricatus and Ornithodoros mimon). A. dubitatum was the most abundant tick species on hosts. Capture success was higher in the dry season, but the infestation was similar in both seasons. Forested habitats, particularly riparian forests, resulted in higher number of hosts and ticks collected (from hosts and from vegetation), compared to pastures and anthropized sites. The association between C. subflavus and I. loricatus and between A. dubitatum and N. squamipes observed here is the first recorded in Cerrado biome. Areas with more patches of forest, including the Atlantic Forest fragments, tend to present a richest community of small mammals and associated ticks.

scholarly journals Bat assemblage of Guaribas Biological Reserve, an Atlantic forest conservation unit in North-eastern Brazil: Results of a two-stage long-term survey

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caio Graco Zeppelini ◽  
Isabela Jerônimo ◽  
Karlla Morganna da Costa Rego ◽  
Maria Paula de Aguiar Fracasso ◽  
Luiz Carlos Serramo Lopez
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Forest Conservation ◽  
Conservation Unit ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Eastern Brazil ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Biological Reserve ◽  
Long Term Survey

Habitat selection by the black-tufted marmoset Callithrix penicillata in human-disturbed landscapes

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helio Secco ◽  
Clara Grilo ◽  
Alex Bager
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Selection ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Spatial Configuration ◽  
Canopy Cover ◽  
Primate Species ◽  
Forest Fragments ◽  
Forest Patches ◽  
The Road ◽  
Eastern Brazil ◽  
Minas Gerais State

Abstract:There are several primate species with high risk of extinction in small forest fragments disturbed by human activities. However, some species exhibit high ecological plasticity, which allows them to persist in human-modified landscapes. The main goal of this study is to examine the relative roles of vegetation (mean distance among trees and mean canopy cover), human disturbance (distance to the road, distance to the fragment edge and edge type), and habitat spatial configuration (spatial autocorrelation index, category of quadrat – position within the fragment/fragment type) on the habitat selection of the black-tufted marmoset Callithrix penicillata in forest patches. We selected forest patches near and away from roads/urban areas, in southern Minas Gerais state, south-eastern Brazil. We used generalized linear mixed models to explain the presence of black-tufted marmoset in those patches. Our results show that black-tufted marmoset tend to occupy forest fragments closer to roads/urban areas, and consequently are under the influence of anthropic disturbance. In addition to the area delimited by these fragments, there is a preference for edge environments, where disturbances are exacerbated and the ecological conditions are suitable for exploitation by the black-tufted marmoset (supply of gum trees and reduced risk of competition). We suggest that a cross-habitat spillover by marmoset occur from forests to small habitat patches close to human-modified areas, such as those in proximity to roads and urban zones.

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