Enhanced cognitive-behavior therapy and family-based treatment for adolescents with an eating disorder: a non-randomized effectiveness trial

Abstract Background Family-based treatment (FBT) is an efficacious intervention for adolescents with an eating disorder. Evaluated to a lesser degree among adolescents, enhanced cognitive-behavior therapy (CBT-E) has shown promising results. This study compared the relative effectiveness of FBT and CBT-E, and as per manualized CBT-E, the sample was divided into a lower weight [<90% median body mass index (mBMI)], and higher weight cohort (⩾90%mBMI). Method Participants (N = 97) aged 12–18 years, with a DSM-5 eating disorder diagnosis (largely restrictive, excluding Avoidant Restrictive Food Intake Disorder), and their parents, chose between FBT and CBT-E. Assessments were administered at baseline, end-of-treatment (EOT), and follow-up (6 and 12 months). Treatment comprised of 20 sessions over 6 months, except for the lower weight cohort where CBT-E comprised 40 sessions over 9–12 months. Primary outcomes were slope of weight gain and change in Eating Disorder Examination (EDE) Global Score at EOT. Results Slope of weight gain at EOT was significantly higher for FBT than for CBT-E (lower weight, est. = 0.597, s.e. = 0.096, p < 0.001; higher weight, est. = 0.495, s.e. = 0.83, p < 0.001), but not at follow-up. There were no differences in the EDE Global Score or most secondary outcome measures at any time-point. Several baseline variables emerged as potential treatment effect moderators at EOT. Choosing between FBT and CBT-E resulted in older and less well participants opting for CBT-E. Conclusions Results underscore the efficiency of FBT to facilitate weight gain among underweight adolescents. FBT and CBT-E achieved similar outcomes in other domains assessed, making CBT-E a viable treatment for adolescents with an eating disorder. Clinical Trial Registration Information: Treatment Outcome in Eating Disorders; https://clinicaltrials.gov/; NCT03599921.

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of Enhanced cognitive-behavior therapy and family-based treatment for adolescents with an eating disorder: a non-randomized effectiveness trial.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.739153773.793582176 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Ata Ghaderi

Keyword(s):

Eating Disorder ◽

Behavior Therapy ◽

Cognitive Behavior Therapy ◽

Cognitive Behavior ◽

Effectiveness Trial ◽

Family Based Treatment ◽

Family Based

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A conceptual comparison of family-based treatment and enhanced cognitive behavior therapy in the treatment of adolescents with eating disorders

Journal of Eating Disorders ◽

10.1186/s40337-019-0275-x ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Riccardo Dalle Grave ◽

Sarah Eckhardt ◽

Simona Calugi ◽

Daniel Le Grange

Keyword(s):

Eating Disorders ◽

Behavior Therapy ◽

Cognitive Behavior Therapy ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Cognitive Behavior ◽

Treatment Team ◽

Randomized Controlled ◽

Empirically Supported ◽

Family Based Treatment ◽

Family Based

Abstract Background The aim of this paper is to give a conceptual comparison of family-based treatment (FBT), a specific form of family therapy, and enhanced cognitive behavior therapy (CBT-E) in the management of adolescents with eating disorders. Main text FBT and CBT-E differ in the conceptualization of eating disorders, the nature of involvement of parents and the child/adolescent, the number of treatment team members involved, and evidence of efficacy. FBT is the leading recommended empirically- supported intervention for adolescents with eating disorders. Data from randomized controlled trials indicate that FBT works well with less than half of the parents and adolescents who accept the treatment, but cannot be used with those who do not have available parents, or for those with parents who are not accepting of a FBT model, or are unable to participate in a course of this treatment. CBT-E has shown promising results in cohort studies of patients between ages 11 and 19 years, and has recently been recommended for youth with eating disorders when FBT is unacceptable, contraindicated, or ineffective. Conclusion There is a need to compare these two treatments in a randomized controlled trial to assess their acceptability, effectiveness, relative cost and cost-effectiveness, and to explore moderators of treatment response.

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455 - Durability of the the Effects of Self-Administered Cognitive Behavior Therapy for Patients with Moderate-to-Severe Irritable Bowel Syndrome: 12-Month Follow-up from the IBSOS Trial

Gastroenterology ◽

10.1016/s0016-5085(18)30789-3 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 154 (6) ◽

pp. S-105

Author(s):

Jeffrey M. Lackner ◽

James Jaccard ◽

Rebecca S. Firth ◽

Darren M. Brenner ◽

Gregory D. Gudleski ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽

Behavior Therapy ◽

Cognitive Behavior Therapy ◽

Cognitive Behavior ◽

Irritable Bowel

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Comparison between the efficiency of pharmacotherapy and cognitive behavioral therapy in reducing captagon (fenethylline) dependence and relapse prevention

BJPsych Open ◽

10.1192/bjo.2021.454 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (S1) ◽

pp. S164-S164

Author(s):

Mohammed Binnwejim ◽

Atheer Alhumade ◽

Deiaaeldin Hosny ◽

Mohamed Alhabib

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ◽

Behavior Therapy ◽

Cognitive Behavior Therapy ◽

Relapse Prevention ◽

Behavioral Therapy ◽

Automatic Thoughts ◽

Cognitive Behavioral ◽

Cognitive Behavior ◽

Significant Discrepancy

AimsTo examine the therapeutic efficacy and effectiveness of cognitive behavior therapy and pharmacotherapy in the treatment of Major Captagon (Fenethylline) Dependence.MethodA 41 outpatients males selected for the study, diagnosed as they are suffering from Captagon Dependence according to the DSM-5, with mean age 34.58 ± 5.11. The sample was divided into three experimental groups, (A) (N = 14) treated by cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) and pharmacotherapy in combination. (B) (N = 13) treated by CBT alone. (C) (N = 14) treated by pharmacotherapy alone. All groups were assigned to four measurements, one for the baseline before any treatment interventions, one post-treatment evaluation and two for follow-up within a short and long time. Non-parametric statistics were used to analyze the data collected by SPSS.ResultThere is no significant intra-group differences were found in terms of baseline assessment. There was no significant discrepancy between the first and the second group except in the term of reducing Captagon craving, as it was clearer in the first group in comparison with other groups. There was a clear significant discrepancy between the first and third groups, for all the study variables and it is phases of assessment especially follow-up. There was a clear degree of differences among the second and the third group, through the different phases of post-assessment, which refers to the great efficacy and effectiveness of CBT in Treating Captagon Dependence CBT was proved to be more effective than pharmacotherapy in the treatment of Captagon Dependence. The combination of CBT and pharmacotherapy was more effective than each other alone in the treatment of Captagon Dependence and Relapse Prevention.ConclusionAvailable evidence suggests that cognitive–behavioral therapy is an effective intervention method for psychological aspects of automatic thoughts, depression, negative health beliefs, craving, and relapse prevention, although its efficacy in reducing Captagon (Fenethylline) dependence.

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COGNITIVE BEHAVIOR THERAPY FOR HOARDING DISORDER: FOLLOW-UP FINDINGS AND PREDICTORS OF OUTCOME

Depression and Anxiety ◽

10.1002/da.22222 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 31 (12) ◽

pp. 964-971 ◽

Cited By ~ 29

Author(s):

Jordana Muroff ◽

Gail Steketee ◽

Randy O. Frost ◽

David F. Tolin

Keyword(s):

Behavior Therapy ◽

Cognitive Behavior Therapy ◽

Cognitive Behavior ◽

Predictors Of Outcome ◽

Hoarding Disorder

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An adaptive randomized trial of dialectical behavior therapy and cognitive behavior therapy for binge-eating

Psychological Medicine ◽

10.1017/s0033291716002543 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 47 (4) ◽

pp. 703-717 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

E. Y. Chen ◽

J. Cacioppo ◽

K. Fettich ◽

R. Gallop ◽

M. S. McCloskey ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Binge Eating ◽

Behavior Therapy ◽

Dialectical Behavior Therapy ◽

Cognitive Behavior Therapy ◽

Initial Response ◽

Early Response ◽

Cognitive Behavior ◽

Additional Group ◽

Dsm Iv

BackgroundEarly weak treatment response is one of the few trans-diagnostic, treatment-agnostic predictors of poor outcome following a full treatment course. We sought to improve the outcome of clients with weak initial response to guided self-help cognitive behavior therapy (GSH).MethodOne hundred and nine women with binge-eating disorder (BED) or bulimia nervosa (BN) (DSM-IV-TR) received 4 weeks of GSH. Based on their response, they were grouped into: (1) early strong responders who continued GSH (cGSH), and early weak responders randomized to (2) dialectical behavior therapy (DBT), or (3) individual and additional group cognitive behavior therapy (CBT+).ResultsBaseline objective binge-eating-day (OBD) frequency was similar between DBT, CBT+ and cGSH. During treatment, OBD frequency reduction was significantly slower in DBT and CBT+ relative to cGSH. Relative to cGSH, OBD frequency was significantly greater at the end of DBT (d = 0.27) and CBT+ (d = 0.31) although these effects were small and within-treatment effects from baseline were large (d = 1.41, 0.95, 1.11, respectively). OBD improvements significantly diminished in all groups during 12 months follow-up but were significantly better sustained in DBT relative to cGSH (d = −0.43). At 6- and 12-month follow-up assessments, DBT, CBT and cGSH did not differ in OBD.ConclusionsEarly weak response to GSH may be overcome by additional intensive treatment. Evidence was insufficient to support superiority of either DBT or CBT+ for early weak responders relative to early strong responders in cGSH; both were helpful. Future studies using adaptive designs are needed to assess the use of early response to efficiently deliver care to large heterogeneous client groups.

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Sleep misestimation among older adults suffering from insomnia with short and normal objective sleep duration and the effects of cognitive behavior therapy

SLEEP ◽

10.1093/sleep/zsaa250 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Nicole Lovato ◽

Gorica Micic ◽

Leon Lack

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Sleep Duration ◽

Behavior Therapy ◽

Cognitive Behavior Therapy ◽

Sleep Onset ◽

Sleep Diary ◽

Cognitive Behavior ◽

Sleep Onset Latency ◽

Normal Sleep

Abstract Study Objectives Compare the degree of sleep misestimation in older adults with insomnia presenting with objectively short relative to normal sleep duration, and investigate the differential therapeutic response on sleep misestimation between the proposed sleep duration phenotypes to cognitive-behavior therapy for insomnia (CBTi). Methods Ninety-one adults (male = 43, mean age = 63.34, SD = 6.41) with sleep maintenance insomnia were classified as short sleepers (SS; <6 h total sleep time [TST]) or normal sleepers (NS; ≥6 h TST) based on one night of home-based polysomnography. Participants were randomly allocated to CBTi (N = 30 SS, N = 33 NS) or to a wait-list control condition (N = 9 SS, N = 19 NS). Sleep misestimation was calculated as the difference scores of subjective (sleep diary reported) and objective (derived from actigraphy) sleep onset latency (SOL), wake after sleep onset (WASO), and TST at pre- and post-treatment, and 3-month follow-up. Results Prior to treatment, perception of SOL, WASO, and TST did not differ between patients with objectively short sleep duration relative to those with objectively normal sleep duration. Patients’ perception of WASO and TST, improved immediately following treatment and at 3-month follow-up relative to the waitlist group. These improvements did not differ significantly between those with short or normal objective sleep duration prior to treatment. Conclusions The degree of sleep misestimation is similar for older adults suffering from chronic insomnia with short or normal objective sleep duration. Irrespective of objective sleep duration prior to treatment, CBTi produces significant improvements in sleep perception. Clinical Trial Registration Number ACTRN12620000883910

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Exposure and Ritual Prevention, Clomipramine, or Their Combination for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

10.1093/med/9780190625085.003.0029 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Brandon M. Kitay ◽

Michael H. Bloch

Keyword(s):

Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽

Behavior Therapy ◽

Cognitive Behavior Therapy ◽

Clinical Management ◽

Clinical Case ◽

Cognitive Behavior ◽

Obsessive Compulsive ◽

Compulsive Disorder ◽

Landmark Study

This chapter provides a summary of a landmark study on the management of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) in adults. Is the combination of exposure and ritual prevention (a cognitive behavior therapy based intervention) along with clomipramine more efficacious than monotherapy with either treatment for OCD? Starting with that question, it describes the basics of the study, including funding, study location, who was studied, how many patients, study design, study interventions, follow-up, endpoints, results, and criticism and limitations. The chapter briefly reviews other relevant studies and information, discusses implications for clinical management, and concludes with an exemplary clinical case applying the evidence.

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Adapted cognitive behavior therapy for obsessive–compulsive disorder with co-occurring autism spectrum disorder: A clinical effectiveness study

Autism ◽

10.1177/1362361319856974 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 24 (1) ◽

pp. 190-199

Author(s):

Oskar Flygare ◽

Erik Andersson ◽

Helene Ringberg ◽

Anna-Clara Hellstadius ◽

Johan Edbacken ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽

Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽

Behavior Therapy ◽

Cognitive Behavior Therapy ◽

Autism Spectrum ◽

Spectrum Disorder ◽

Cognitive Behavior ◽

Obsessive Compulsive ◽

Compulsive Disorder

Obsessive–compulsive disorder and autism spectrum disorder commonly co-occur. Adapted cognitive behavior therapy for obsessive–compulsive disorder in adults with autism spectrum disorder has not previously been evaluated outside the United Kingdom. In this study, 19 adults with obsessive–compulsive disorder and autism spectrum disorder were treated using an adapted cognitive behavior therapy protocol that consisted of 20 sessions focused on exposure with response prevention. The primary outcome was the clinician-rated Yale–Brown Obsessive–Compulsive Scale. Participants were assessed up to 3 months after treatment. There were significant reductions on the Yale–Brown Obsessive–Compulsive Scale at post-treatment (d = 1.5), and improvements were sustained at follow-up (d = 1.2). Self-rated obsessive–compulsive disorder and depressive symptoms showed statistically significant reductions. Improvements in general functioning and quality of life were statistically non-significant. Three participants (16%) were responders at post-treatment and four (21%) were in remission from obsessive–compulsive disorder. At follow-up, three participants (16%) were responders and one (5%) was in full remission. Adapted cognitive behavior therapy for obsessive–compulsive disorder in adults with co-occurring autism spectrum disorder is associated with reductions in obsessive–compulsive symptoms and depressive symptoms. However, outcomes are modest; few patients were completely symptom free, and treatment engagement was low with few completed exposures and low adherence to homework assignments. We identify and discuss the need for further treatment refinement for this vulnerable group.

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