scholarly journals High-Resolution 14C Dating of Organic Deposits Using Natural Atmospheric 14C Variations

Radiocarbon ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bas Van Geel ◽  
Willem G Mook
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Accelerator Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Small Samples ◽  
14C Dating ◽  
Peat Deposits ◽  
Organic Deposits

The occurrence of atmospheric 14C variations complicates calibration, ie, the translation of 14C ages into real calendar ages. The procedure of wiggle matching, however, allows very precise calibration, by matching known 14C variations with wiggles in the floating chronology. In principle, wiggle matching can also be applied to a series of 14C dates from organic (peat) deposits. Where, in general, 14C ages are required at short distances and on small samples, dating by 14C accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) is required.

scholarly journals A Novel Approach for Developing High-Resolution Sub-Fossil Peat Chronologies with 14C Dating

Radiocarbon ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 455-463 ◽  
Author(s):  
T H Donders ◽  
F Wagner ◽  
K van der Borg ◽  
A F M de Jong ◽  
H Visscher
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Accelerator Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
14C Dating ◽  
Novel Approach

Sub-fossil sections from a Florida wetland were accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) dated and the sedimentological conditions were determined. 14C data were calibrated using a combined wiggle-match and 14C bomb-pulse approach. Repeatable results were obtained providing accurate peat chronologies for the last 130 calendar yr. Assessment of the different errors involved led to age models with 3–5 yr precision. This allows direct calibration of paleoenvironmental proxies with meteorological data. The time frame in which 14C dating is commonly applied can possibly be extended to include the 20th century.

scholarly journals 14C Dating of Laser-Oxidized Organics

Radiocarbon ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 331-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. L. Watchman ◽  
R. A. Lessard ◽  
A. J. T. Jull ◽  
L. J. Toolin ◽  
Weston Blake
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Accelerator Mass Spectrometry ◽  
14C Dating ◽  
Ion Laser ◽  
Different Parts

We used a continuous krypton ion laser to rapidly oxidize milligram-sized fragments of coniferous driftwood of known ages, and dated the resulting carbon dioxide by accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS). AMS 14C ages of non-pretreated young wood from different parts of two logs were within 10% of the ages of conventionally determined alkaline insoluble fractions. The age of the oldest whole wood measured after laser oxidation was within the error ranges of conventional values.

Identifying the 993–994 CE Miyake Event in the Oldest Dated Living Tree in Europe

Radiocarbon ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 61 (5) ◽  
pp. 1317-1325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gianluca Quarta ◽  
Alfredo Di Filippo ◽  
Lucio Calcagnile ◽  
Marisa D’Elia ◽  
Franco Biondi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Accelerator Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Mediterranean Basin ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
Living Tree ◽  
Cross Dating ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Mediterranean Basin ◽  
Tree Stem

ABSTRACTCombined dendrochronology and accelerator mass spectrometry radiocarbon (AMS 14C) dating analyses were used in order to date an old living tree named Italus, growing in the Pollino massif in Southern Italy. Wiggle match AMS 14C dating analysis was performed on a 320-yr-long floating chronology obtained by cross-dating four wood cores extracted from the exposed roots of the tree. Following this approach, an age for the tree of ≈1230 yr was estimated. This age makes Italus the oldest living tree in Europe. High-resolution 14C dating analyses performed on single rings extracted from the tree stem allowed us to identify the 993–994 CE large excursion in atmospheric 14C concentration (Miyake event) revealing for the first time its presence in the Mediterranean basin.

scholarly journals Correcting for Contamination in AMS 14C Dating

Radiocarbon ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 591-595 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ken Mueller ◽  
Paul Muzikar
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Accelerator Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Chemical Processing ◽  
14C Dating ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Carbon Contamination ◽  
Ams 14C Dating

When using accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) for radiocarbon dating, it is important to correct for carbon contamination that is added to the sample and the standard during chemical processing. We derive an equation for making this correction that generalizes previous work in several ways. We treat the case in which contaminating carbon is added during both the combustion step and graphitization step. Taking this two-stage contamination process into account is particularly important when only a fraction of the CO2 produced in the combustion is graphitized. We also allow for the fact that the 13C fractions of the sample, the standard, and the contaminants may be different.

scholarly journals The Chemical Preparation of AgCl for Measuring 36Cl in Polar Ice with Accelerator Mass Spectrometry

Radiocarbon ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 28 (2A) ◽  
pp. 556-560 ◽  
Author(s):  
N J Conard ◽  
David Elmore ◽  
P W Kubik ◽  
H E Gove ◽  
L E Tubbs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Accelerator Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Chemical Separation ◽  
Small Samples ◽  
Metal Powders ◽  
Separation And Purification ◽  
Polar Ice ◽  
Yield Data ◽  
Glacial Ice ◽  
Selection Of

A method of chemical separation and purification of chloride from relatively small samples (500 to 2100g) of glacial ice is presented. With this procedure the first successful measurements of pre-bomb levels of 36Cl in Greenland ice have been made. Emphasis is placed on methods of reducing sulfur, which causes interference in the accelerator mass spectrometry, and in maximizing the yield. Data regarding the selection of materials for sample holders and the use of metal powders for extending the lifetime of the sample are also presented.

scholarly journals 14C Dating of the Upper Paleolithic Site at Krems-Wachtberg, Austria

Radiocarbon ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 847-855 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Einwögerer ◽  
M Händel ◽  
C Neugebauer-Maresch ◽  
U Simon ◽  
P Steier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Accelerator Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Upper Paleolithic ◽  
Formation Time ◽  
14C Dating ◽  
Paleolithic Site ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Loess Region ◽  
One Year

In the course of new excavations at the Upper Paleolithic site at Krems-Wachtberg in the loess region near Krems, Lower Austria, a double burial of newborns was discovered in 2005. One year later, a single grave of an infant was excavated nearby. Both graves are associated with the well-preserved living floor of an Upper Paleolithic hunter-gatherer camp with distinct archaeological features and a rich Gravettian find assemblage. Several charcoal samples from different stratigraphic positions were 14C dated with the accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) method at VERA. The 14C ages confirm the archaeological assessment of the site to the Gravettian time period. According to the uncalibrated 14C ages, the formation time of the living floor is ~27.0 14C kyr BP. 14C data of ~28.6 14C kyr BP determined for an archaeological horizon below the living floor indicate that the location may have been used earlier by people in the Middle Upper Paleolithic.

scholarly journals The First 14C Dating of Monuments in European Scythia

Radiocarbon ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 767-774 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ganna I. Zaitseva ◽  
Göran Possnert ◽  
Andrey Yu. Alekseev ◽  
Valentin A. Dergachev ◽  
Anatoly A. Sementsov
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Accelerator Mass Spectrometry ◽  
14C Dating ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Archaeological Data ◽  
Burial Mounds ◽  
Conventional Methods

The first radiocarbon dates for the famous monuments of European Scythia were produced for the Kelermes, Seven Brothers, Solocha and Chertomlyk barrows (burial mounds) by both accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) and conventional methods. The obtained 14C dates confirmed the traditional archaeological chronology, which was based on the analysis of written data and typological comparisons of Scythian artifacts with similar objects found in the Ancient East and Greece. The 14C dates for the European Scythian monuments are compared with the Asian ones. The 14C chronology of the European Scythian monuments shows chronological synchronisms between the Asiatic and European monuments. The calibrated ages for the investigated barrows generally agree with the archaeological data.

scholarly journals Radiocarbon Dating of a Speleothem Record of Paleoclimate for Angkor, Cambodia

Radiocarbon ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 59 (6) ◽  
pp. 1873-1890 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quan Hua ◽  
Duncan Cook ◽  
Jens Fohlmeister ◽  
Dan Penny ◽  
Paul Bishop ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Accelerator Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
Large Change ◽  
Last Millennium ◽  
Climate Record ◽  
Growth Axis ◽  
Climate Records

AbstractWe report the chronological construction for the top portion of a speleothem, PC1, from southern Cambodia with the aim of reconstructing a continuous high-resolution climate record covering the fluorescence and decline of the medieval Khmer kingdom and its capital at Angkor (~9th–15th centuries AD). Earlier attempts to date PC1 by the standard U-Th method proved unsuccessful. We have therefore dated this speleothem using radiocarbon. Fifty carbonate samples along the growth axis of PC1 were collected for accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) analysis. Chronological reconstruction for PC1 was achieved using two different approaches described by Hua et al. (2012a) and Lechleitner et al. (2016a). Excellent concordance between the two age-depth models indicates that the top ~47 mm of PC1 grew during the last millennium with a growth hiatus during ~1250–1650 AD, resulting from a large change in measured 14C values at 34.4–35.2 mm depth. The timing of the growth hiatus covers the period of decades-long droughts during the 14th–16th centuries AD indicated in regional climate records.

scholarly journals 14C Background Levels in An Accelerator Mass Spectrometry System

Radiocarbon ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 323-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
J S Vogel ◽  
D E Nelson ◽  
J R Southon
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Late Pleistocene ◽  
Accelerator Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Measurement Precision ◽  
Small Samples ◽  
Present System ◽  
Total System ◽  
The Holocene ◽  
Anthracite Coal ◽  
Mass Spectrometry System

The levels and sources of the measurement background in an AMS 14C dating system have been studied in detail. The relative contributions to the total background from combustion, graphitization, storage, handling, and from the accelerator were determined by measuring the C concentrations in samples of anthracite coal ranging in size from 15μg to 20mg. The results show that, for the present system, the uncertainty in the background is greater than that due to measurement precision alone for very old or for very small samples. While samples containing 100μg of carbon can yield useful 14C dates throughout the Holocene, 200 to 500μg are required for dating late Pleistocene materials. With the identification of the procedures that introduce contamination, the level and uncertainty of the total system background should both be reducible to the point that 100μg of carbon would be sufficient for dating most materials.

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