scholarly journals Art. XII.—On the Assyrian and Babylonian Weights

1856 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 215-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Norris
Keyword(s):  

Among the relics brought home by Mr. Layard, and deposited in the British Museum, the visitors to our national repository may notice a series of bronze lions, of good workmanship and graduated magnitude, from one to several inches in length,—the largest weighing above 40 lbs., the smallest barely 2 oz. There are also several marble ducks, with cuneiform inscriptions upon them, of Babylonian rather than Assyrian characters. These appear to have been the commercial weights used by the people of Assyria and Babylonia. They were distinguished by cuneiform inscriptions on the back, which must have been originally well engraved, although they are now a good deal defaced, and in some cases so much obliterated as to leave scarcely the slightest trace.

2002 ◽  
Vol 33 (130) ◽  
pp. 169-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martyn J. Powell

In 1783 Henry Grattan complimented Charles James Fox by describing his views as ‘liberal to Ireland and just to those lately concerned in her redemption’. He also claimed that ‘Fox wished sincerely for the liberty of Ireland without reserve.’ Sir James Mackintosh’s draft inscription for Westmacott’s statue of Fox in Westminster Abbey stated that he had ‘contended for the rights of the people of America and Ireland’. Whiggish historians subsequently built upon this notion of Fox and his followers as great friends of Ireland. For the most part, modern scholars have avoided passing judgement on Fox’s views on Ireland, but a few authors have challenged early assumptions, depicting Fox as unprincipled in his use of Irish politics as a stick to beat the North and Pitt ministries. Christopher Hobhouse, commenting on Fox’s commitment to Catholic relief, claims that he ‘gave himself away’ and that ‘the House could distinguish by this time between Fox the religious liberator and Fox the artful dodger’. John Derry asserts that Fox ‘ruthlessly and irresponsibly exploited anti-Irish prejudice in England’ during the controversy over Pitt’s trade proposals of 1785. L.G. Mitchell notes that ‘his sympathy for American patriots had had real limits, and so had his concern for Ireland’, and that ‘Irish patriots were never sure of Fox, and their doubt was entirely justified.’ There is a good deal of substance in these comments, and in this article I also intend to argue that Fox was first and foremost a British parliamentarian. However, his conduct towards Ireland was not solely ruled by this stance. Free from the shackles of government, Fox was disposed to be generous to Irish patriotism and his friends and relatives in the Irish opposition.


1981 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 265-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas Orme

During the last hundred years our knowledge of the educational institutions of medieval England has steadily increased, both of schools and universities. We know a good deal about what they taught, how they were organised and where they were sited. The next stage is to identify their relationship with the society which they existed to serve. Whom did they train, to what standards and for what ends? These questions pose problems. They cannot be answered from the constitutional and curricular records which tell us about the structure of educational institutions. Instead, they require a knowledge of the people—the pupils and scholars—who went to the medieval schools and universities. We need to recover their names, to compile their biographies and thereby to establish their origins, careers and attainments. If this can be done on a large enough scale, the impact of education on society will become clearer. In the case of the universities, the materials for this task are available and well known. Thanks to the late Dr A. B. Emden, most of the surviving names of the alumni of Oxford and Cambridge have been collected and published, together with a great many biographical records about them. For the schools, on the other hand, where most boys had their literary education if they had one at all, such data are not available. Except for Winchester and Eton, we do not possess lists of the pupils of schools until the middle of the sixteenth century, and there is no way to remedy the deficiency.


2020 ◽  
pp. 101269022096857
Author(s):  
Jessica Richards ◽  
Michelle O’Shea ◽  
Daniela Spanjaard ◽  
Francine Garlin

Understanding how stadium landscapes are constructed and used, how their elements relate to the broader local fan community is to understand a good deal about the culture, values and concerns of the people who use it. Yet, despite the unique role sports stadiums have in facilitating a memorable match-day experience, theorising this space remains underdeveloped. This research investigates contemporary stadium design and use from a fan perspective by examining the factors that enhance and inhibit the experience in a newly built multipurpose and shared stadium space. The research illustrates how transitioning to a new stadium involves a complex paradox between old traditions and new spaces. This paper has two objectives. First, it explores how the fans of an Australian rugby league team reimagine the concept of ‘home’ in a newly built multipurpose and multi-tenanted stadium. Second, the paper explores how this sense of home and, by extension, belonging was amplified by the club’s ‘dressing’ of the stadium. We argue that in the resettlement of fans, the use of symbols and rituals provides a scaffold for supporters to build an emotional connection to a new stadium, whilst also understanding that they, too, are active in the process of reimaging the stadium space.


Archaeologia ◽  
1836 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 47-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Young Ottley

You are aware that I have, at intervals, employed myself a good deal in the manuscript room of the British Museum, during the last four years, in researches among the Illuminated MSS. of the fifteenth century, on the subject of Costume; for the purpose of helping me to form a right judgment of the ages and country of certain books of wood-engravings, which are known by bibliographers under the name of Block-Books; and are commonly supposed to have given rise to the invention of Typography: for the controversy concerning this subject has long occupied my attention; and, although so many books have been written upon it during the last two centuries, I have become more and more persuaded, that the evidence on both sides must be subjected to a nicer examination, and sifting, than it has yet had, before we can hope to come to a right decision concerning it.


1866 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 615-625 ◽  
Author(s):  
Duns

Comparatively little attention has been given to the natural history of Lewis. Stray notices of the geology, botany, and zoology of the Outer Hebrides are to be met with, but, with one or two exceptions, these are not of much value. Martin's “Description of the Western Islands (1703),” is chiefly interesting for its full account of the industrial and moral condition of the people. Little, however, can be made of his incidental references to the natural history of the islands. Two volumes on the “Economical History of the Hebrides,” by Rev. Dr Walker, Professor of Natural History in the University of Edinburgh, were published in 1808, after Dr Walker's death. This work contains a good deal of information on indigenous plants, but almost none on zoology. Dr Maculloch's “Description of the Western Islands of Scotland (3 vols., 1819)” is in every way an abler and better work than either of the two now named. Its notices of the geology and mineralogy of the Outer Hebrides are even still valuable.


1913 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 84-86
Author(s):  
F. H. Marshall
Keyword(s):  

The two objects figured on Plate VII. are casts from the two sides of a limestone mould in the British Museum (Fig. 1). The mould is grooved round the edge, where it is a good deal broken away. The diameter is 11·4 cm., the thickness, 1·9 cm. The mould was acquired by the Museum in 1910. Its provenance is not known. The descriptions which here follow apply to the casts.


1883 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 237-242
Author(s):  
E. L. Hicks

The following inscription was copied by Mr. A. S. Murray when travelling with Mr. Newton in Asia Minor in 1870, ‘from a stelè at the door of a house at Kelibesch.’ It has been put into my hands for publication because the inscribed marbles brought from Prienè by Mr. Pullan in 1870, and presented to the British Museum by the Society of Dilettanti, have been prepared by me for the press, and are now in course of publication. They will form a portion of Part iii. of the Greek Inscriptions in the British Museum. Kelibesch is a Turkish village on the southern slope of Mt. Mykalè, a short distance from the ruins of the temple of Athenè Polias at Prienè. A description of it will be found in Chandler's Travels in Asia Minor, vol. i., p. 197. Mr. Murray's memoranda do not furnish any account of the size or colour of the marble employed for this stelè: but it is evidently entire at the top and right side; the left-hand edge is slightly injured, but a good deal is broken off at the bottom.


The mass of iron in question was transmitted to Buenos Ayres, for the purpose of being manufactured into fire-arms, at the period when the people of that country declared themselves independent of Spain; but a supply of arms having in the meanwhile arrived, it was deposited in the Arsenal, and afterwards given to Mr. Parish, who transmitted it to England. Its identity with the mass of iron described by De Celis, though probable, is not exactly determined.


2008 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 345-358
Author(s):  
Rev. James Lies ◽  
Amanda Nowak

While a good deal of research and theory has focused on the study of the chronically ill or disabled, the concept of health within illness has only relatively recently been critically developed. The phenomenon speaks to the possibility that illness has the potential to be a catalyst for growth. Health within illness, according to Moch (1997), “is an opportunity which increases meaningfulness of life through connectedness or relatedness with the environment and/or awareness of self during a state of compromised well-being” (p. 305). There are six themes that have been developed as an outcome of a seminal study (Lindsey, 1996) in this area. The six themes are as follows: honoring the self; seeking and connecting with others; creating opportunities; celebrating life; transcending the self; and acquiring a state of grace. This case study applies the six themes in examining the experience and reflections of a young man who, due to an accident in a college residence hall, was left with quadriplegia. Also addressed are some of the ways that an understanding of health within illness can impact the work of health professionals, pastoral care workers, families and friends, and even the people living with chronic illness and disability themselves.


1989 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 308-313
Author(s):  
William Michelsen

Grundtvig in Normal Danish.Helge Grell: The Spirit of the Creator and the Spirit of the People. An examination of Grundtvig’s ideas about peoples and popular culture, and their connection with his Christian view. Anis Publishing House, Århus. 346 pp.A Human First, A Christian Next. Helge Grell’s dissertation on Grundtvig under debate. Edited by Jens Holger Schjørring, the writers, and Anis Publishing House. Århus, 1988. 101 pp.Grundtvig’s prose is difficult to read, even for Danes. In this book Helge Grell has made his ideas about people, nations, and popular culture readable and intelligible. He has also examined Grundtvig’s relations with the non-Danish writers who have dealt with nationality and nationalism, and whom Grundtvig has known. The main problem has been whether Grundtvig - particularly in his writings from 1810 to 1865 - misused Christianity for the purpose of nationalistic propaganda against Germany, which he has been accused of, especially as regards the time around the two Schleswig wars, 1848-50 and 1864.The book is a chronological study of Grundtvig’s ideas from 1810 to 1865 which shows that his thoughts about peoples and popular culture have grown out of the particular philosophy and theology of creation that Grundtvig developed after his Christian revival in 1810 and which found its practical theological form especially in his years as pastor from 1821, and during his three journeys to England 1829-1831. From 1821 Grundtvig sees God’s work of creation as an act of love, which in the course of history has led Him to include the creation of peoples and popular culture. Grundtvig now sees the Holy Ghost as the spirit of human history who creates an interaction between God’s word and man’s word in its national form: the mother tongue, and who works through the spirit of a people. His ideas about people and popular culture are thus brought into connection with the Mosaic-Christian view of human life as a whole.To Grundtvig the Jewish people with its particular history constitutes what he understands by an "artificial people” in which the national spirit has, ’’with marvellous artistry”, created a unique God-chosen people from whose history Christianity was to develop (Selected Works, vol.V, p. 401-425). Grundtvig substitutes the phrase for Fichte’s "normal people”. Grell writes in this connection: ”The view of man of this people, developed through Christianity, must stand as normative in the interaction with the spirits of the two other great peoples, i.e., those of Greece and the Nordic countries, in order that they may serve universal history, and all other peoples are evaluated (by Grundtvig) in comparison with them." Grundtvig uses the term "natural peoples” for these two other principal peoples, i.e., peoples whose history can be traced chronologically, and who have preserved a living connection with the people’s spirit through a living mother tongue.A people’s spirit is regarded by Grundtvig as an image of God’s creator- spirit, just as poetry with its imagery is. Grell has made a more elaborate examination of Grundtvig’s theology of the Word in his preliminary study for the dissertation "The Creator Word and the Figurative Word”, which was published in 1980 and was reviewed in Grundtvig Studies 1982. It is also included in the German summary appended to the dissertation. It is through this close connection between Grundtvig’s theology of the Creation and his theology of the Word that Grell succeeds in defending Grundtvig against the accusations of nationalistic propaganda. Grell rightly claims that it is this key theme in his writings that must be attacked if one wants to make any effective criticism of his ideas about peoples and popular culture.Grell’s two theses are not directed against any other view of Grundtvig’s thinking. Only in the conclusion of the work did it appear that his dissertation might be read as an alternative to Kaj Thanings understanding of Grundtvig ("A Human Being First...”, Dissertation, Copenhagen 1963). A good deal of the debate during and after the public defence has therefore turned on this question, which in the dissertation is only brought up in the comprehensive notes. The dialogue between Thaning and Grell clearly demonstrates the mutual respect of the two scholars, but causes neither of them to change their attitudes or standpoint.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document