Oxadiazon Absorption, Translocation, and Metabolism in Rice (Oryza sativa) and Barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli)

Weed Science ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 727-731 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nagi Reddy Achhireddy ◽  
Ralph C. Kirkwood ◽  
William W. Fletcher
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Mode Of Action ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Fixed Carbon ◽  
Rice Plants ◽  
Treated Leaf

The mode of action and selectivity of oxadiazon [2-tert-butyl-4(2,4-dichloro-5-isopropoxyphenyl)-δ2-1,3,4-oxadiazolin-5-one] were investigated in tolerant rice (Oryza sativaL.) and susceptible barnyardgrass [Echinochloa crus-galli(L.) Beauv. ♯3ECHCG]. Oxadiazon produced only brown spots on the foliage of rice plants at higher rates (> 500 ppmv), while LC50for barnyardgrass was 250 ppmv. Translocation of14C-oxadiazon from the treated leaf was minimal in both species; after 7 days, about 2 and 3% of applied14C translocated in rice and barnyardgrass, respectively. In rice,14C recovered in water and chloroform washings of the treated leaf was 25% in each and in barnyardgrass, 20 and 18%, respectively. After water and chloroform washings,14C-oxadiazon present in the treated leaf of barnyardgrass and rice was 36 and 26%, respectively. In rice and barnyardgrass, unaltered14C-oxadiazon represented 86 and 79% of applied14C, respectively, 7 days after application. In barnyardgrass 7 days after foliar application, oxadiazon inhibited14CO2fixation and the export of fixed carbon. The effects were less marked in rice.

Basis for Differential Susceptibility of Rice (Oryza sativa), Wild Rice (Zizania palustris), and Giant Burreed (Sparganium eurycarpum) to Bentazon

Weed Science ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 301-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharon A. Clay ◽  
Ervin A. Oelke
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Wild Rice ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Differential Susceptibility ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Zizania Palustris ◽  
Treated Leaf ◽  
Sparganium Eurycarpum ◽  
Similar Growth

The basis for differential susceptibility of tolerant rice (Oryza sativaL.), susceptible wild rice (Zizania palustrisL.), and susceptible giant burreed (Sparganium eurycarpumEngelm. # SPGEU) to foliar application of 1.1 kg ai/ha of bentazon [3-(1-methylethyl)-(1H)-2,1,3-benzothiadiazin-4(3H)-one 2,2-dioxide] was investigated by evaluating herbicide absorption, translocation, and metabolism. Giant burreed and wild rice absorbed more bentazon than rice at similar growth stages. Less than 10% of the absorbed bentazon was translocated out of the treated leaf of any of the species. Differential tolerance of bentazon among the three species was due to differences in the rate of bentazon metabolism. Rice metabolized 98% of the bentazon retained in the treated leaf 1 day after treatment (DAT), while giant burreed and wild rice metabolized less than 2% of the bentazon retained in the treated leaf 5 DAT.

scholarly journals Incorporated Biochar-Based Soil Amendment and Exogenous Glycine Betaine Foliar Application Ameliorate Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Tolerance and Resilience to Osmotic Stress

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1930
Author(s):  
Emad M. Hafez ◽  
Salah M. Gowayed ◽  
Yasser Nehela ◽  
Raghda M. Sakran ◽  
Asmaa M. S. Rady ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Osmotic Stress ◽  
Glycine Betaine ◽  
Soil Amendment ◽  
Water Movement ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Salt Affected Soil ◽  
Rice Plants ◽  
The Impact

Osmotic stress is a major physiologic dysfunction that alters the water movement across the cell membrane. Soil salinity and water stress are major causal factors of osmotic stress that severely affect agricultural productivity and sustainability. Herein, we suggested and evaluated the impact of integrated biochar-based soil amendment and exogenous glycine betaine application on the growth, physiology, productivity, grain quality, and osmotic stress tolerance of rice (Oryza sativa L., cv. Sakha 105) grown in salt-affected soil under three irrigation intervals (6, 9, or 12 days), as well as soil properties and nutrient uptake under field conditions during the 2019 and 2020 seasons. Our findings showed that dual application of biochar and glycine betaine (biochar + glycine betaine) reduced the soil pH, electrical conductivity, and exchangeable sodium percentage. However, it enhanced the K+ uptake which increased in the leaves of treated-rice plants. Additionally, biochar and glycine betaine supplementation enhanced the photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll a, b, and carotenoids) and physiological attributes (net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, relative water content, and electrolyte leakage) of osmotic-stressed rice plants. Biochar + glycine betaine altered the activity of antioxidant-related enzymes (catalase, ascorbate peroxide, and peroxidase). Moreover, it improved the yield components, biological yield, and harvest index, as well as the nutrient value of rice grains of osmotic-stressed rice plants. Collectively, these findings underline the potential application of biochar and glycine betaine as a sustainable eco-friendly strategy to improve plant resilience, not only rice, but other plant species in general and other cereal crops in particular, to abiotic stress, particularly those growing in salt-affected soil.

scholarly journals Effects of Inabenfide on the Formation of Branch Roots in Rice Plants (Oryza sativa L.).

1992 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 629-634
Author(s):  
Jiro HARADA ◽  
Noriyuki TANAKA ◽  
Susumu ARIMA ◽  
Seizaburo SAKAI
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Rice Plants

Foliar application of Zn can reduce Cd concentrations in rice (Oryza sativa L.) under field conditions

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (29) ◽  
pp. 29287-29294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Wang ◽  
Chao Xu ◽  
Zun-chang Luo ◽  
Han-hua Zhu ◽  
Shuai Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Field Conditions

Quality and yield of hybrid rice (Oryza sativa L.) as affected by foliar application of growth regulators

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 102-105
Author(s):  
Pawan Kumar Goutam ◽  
S.P. Kushwaha ◽  
D.K. Tripathi ◽  
Laxmi Prajapati
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Hybrid Rice ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Oryza Sativa L

Genetic Analysis of Glufosinate Resistance in Crosses Between Transformed Rice (Oryza sativa) and Red Rice (Oryza sativa)

1998 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sujatha Sankula ◽  
Michael P. Braverman ◽  
James H. Oard
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
Bar Gene ◽  
Red Rice ◽  
Rice Plants ◽  
Ammonia Accumulation ◽  
Controlled Crosses ◽  
Dip Test ◽  
Made In

Reciprocal controlled crosses were made in the greenhouse between Gulfmont rice transformed with the bialaphos resistance (BAR) gene and red rice and BAR-transformed Koshihikari rice and red rice to assess the inheritance of glufosinate resistance. All F1 plants were resistant to 2.2 kg ai/ha glufosinate. Ammonia accumulation as a measure of glufosinate resistance in the F1 hybrids was assayed at 4 and 8 days after treatment (DAT). Ammonia accumulation in hybrids 4 DAT was similar to glufosinate treated, transformed rice, while treated nontransformed plants accumulated 14 to 23 times more ammonia compared with the hybrids. The nature of inheritance of glufosinate resistance in F2 rice plants was studied by a glufosinate dip test, a spray test, and ammonia assay. All three tests confirmed that glufosinate resistance, as influenced by the BAR gene, segregated in a 3 (resistant): 1 (susceptible) ratio.

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