Incorporated Biochar-Based Soil Amendment and Exogenous Glycine Betaine Foliar Application Ameliorate Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Tolerance and Resilience to Osmotic Stress

Osmotic stress is a major physiologic dysfunction that alters the water movement across the cell membrane. Soil salinity and water stress are major causal factors of osmotic stress that severely affect agricultural productivity and sustainability. Herein, we suggested and evaluated the impact of integrated biochar-based soil amendment and exogenous glycine betaine application on the growth, physiology, productivity, grain quality, and osmotic stress tolerance of rice (Oryza sativa L., cv. Sakha 105) grown in salt-affected soil under three irrigation intervals (6, 9, or 12 days), as well as soil properties and nutrient uptake under field conditions during the 2019 and 2020 seasons. Our findings showed that dual application of biochar and glycine betaine (biochar + glycine betaine) reduced the soil pH, electrical conductivity, and exchangeable sodium percentage. However, it enhanced the K+ uptake which increased in the leaves of treated-rice plants. Additionally, biochar and glycine betaine supplementation enhanced the photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll a, b, and carotenoids) and physiological attributes (net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, relative water content, and electrolyte leakage) of osmotic-stressed rice plants. Biochar + glycine betaine altered the activity of antioxidant-related enzymes (catalase, ascorbate peroxide, and peroxidase). Moreover, it improved the yield components, biological yield, and harvest index, as well as the nutrient value of rice grains of osmotic-stressed rice plants. Collectively, these findings underline the potential application of biochar and glycine betaine as a sustainable eco-friendly strategy to improve plant resilience, not only rice, but other plant species in general and other cereal crops in particular, to abiotic stress, particularly those growing in salt-affected soil.

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High night temperature and plant growth regulator effects on spikelet sterility, grain characteristics and yield of rice (Oryza sativa L.) plants

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.4141/cjps10038 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 91 (2) ◽

pp. 283-291 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

A. R. Mohammed ◽

L. Tarpley

Keyword(s):

Oryza Sativa ◽

Plant Growth ◽

Growth Regulator ◽

Glycine Betaine ◽

Plant Growth Regulator ◽

Oryza Sativa L ◽

Night Temperature ◽

Spikelet Sterility ◽

Rice Plants ◽

Length Width

Mohammed, A. R. and Tarpley, L. 2011. High night temperature and plant growth regulator effects on spikelet sterility, grain characteristics and yield of rice ( Oryza sativa L.) plants. Can. J. Plant Sci. 91: 283–291. The presence of seasonally high night temperature (HNT) as a result of global warming, occurring during the critical stages of development, could reduce rice yield and quality. To understand how a combination of HNT and plant growth regulators (PGR; α-tocopherol and glycine betaine) affects yield and yield-related parameters of rice plants, we conducted three pot experiments under two levels of night temperature (NT; 27 and 32oC) with or without PGR treatments. Plants were subjected to a HNT through the use of continuously controlled infrared heaters, starting 20 d after emergence (DAE), from 2000 until 0600. Plants were treated with α-tocopherol and glycine betaine 20 DAE. The NT had no effect on number of productive tillers, main-stem panicle length or number of primary branches per panicle; however, reduced yield resulted from significant effects on spikelet sterility (SS), and grain length, width, and weight. The grains located at the base of the panicle showed decreased length and width compared with grains located at the tip of the panicle. Application of glycine betaine increased grain yield by predominantly decreasing SS in rice plants, suggesting the potential future use of glycine betaine to help partially prevent HNT damage to rice.

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Effect of urea phosphate foliar supplementation on yield, nutrient uptake and grain quality of rice (Oryza sativa L.) in acid Inceptisols

ORYZA- An International Journal on Rice ◽

10.35709/ory.2020.57.2.7 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 57 (2) ◽

pp. 132-138 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

M Monica ◽

AK Dash ◽

N Panda ◽

M Prusty

Keyword(s):

Oryza Sativa ◽

Nutrient Uptake ◽

Grain Quality ◽

Foliar Application ◽

Amylose Content ◽

Oryza Sativa L ◽

Foliar Spray ◽

Urea Phosphate ◽

The Impact

Essential plant nutrient elements are generally applied to crops through soil to achieve more economic yields. Of the methods followed soil application is common and efficient for nutrients required in large quantities. However, under some situations crop responds better to foliar application along with blanket doses of fertilizers. Foliar application of urea phosphate (UP), an acidic nitrogen (N) and phosphate (P) nutrient fertilizers, along with blanket fertilizer doses can influence the yield as well as nutrient uptake and grain quality characteristics of the crop rice. A field experiment was conducted to study the impact of urea phosphate on yield, nutrient uptake and grain quality of rice (Oryza sativa L.) in acid Inceptisols of Odisha, India. Different treatments were thus framed to test the hypothesis as T1-control (no nutrient); T2- 50% recommended dose of fertilizer (RDF); T3 -75% RDF; T4 -100% RDF; T5 -50% RDF + twice foliar spray (FS) of 1% UP; T6 -50% RDF + twice FS of 2% UP; T7 -75% RDF + twice FS of 1% UP; T8 -75% RDF + twice FS of 2% UP; T9 -100% RDF + twice FS of 1% UP and T10 -100% RDF + twice FS of 2% UP. Growth parameters like plant height (107.60 cm), panicle length (25.72 cm) and number of effective tillers per hill (13.58) were found to be highest in the plots where twice FS of 2% UP along with 100% RDF was applied. The grain (4579.33 kg ha-1) and straw yield (5121.90 kg ha-1) of rice were also observed highest with T10 over T9, where 100% RDF + twice FS of 1% UP was applied. Uptake of nutrients like N (63.45 kg ha-1), P (18.36 kg ha-1 ) and K (96.85 kg ha-1) were found to be numerically higher in T10 where 100% RDF + twice FS of 2% UP was applied. The grain quality parameters of rice like protein content (R² = 0.624), alkali value (R² = 0.622) and amylose content (R² = 0.618) were significantly varied among the treatments.

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Analysis of Arsenic Accumulation and its Effects on the Ionome Profile of Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Plants

International Journal of Plant and Environment ◽

10.18811/ijpen.v5i03.1 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 5 (03) ◽

pp. 141-148

Author(s):

Sudhakar Srivastava

Keyword(s):

Oryza Sativa ◽

Oryza Sativa L ◽

Health And Safety ◽

Progressive Increase ◽

Health Concern ◽

Rice Seedlings ◽

Rice Plants ◽

Arsenic Accumulation ◽

Leaves And Roots ◽

The Impact

The accumulation of arsenic (As), a toxic carcinogenic element, in rice plants is a matter of significant environmental and human health concern. This study was performed to analyze the impact of As on ionome profile of rice (Oryza sativa L.) plants. The rice seedlings were subjected either to fixed concentration of 20 μM arsenite [As(III)] for different durations (1, 3, 7, 15 and 30 d) or to different concentrations of As(III) (0, 3, 5, 10, 20, and 50 μM) for fixed duration of 15 d. In both concentration- and duration-dependent experiments, As concentration in leaves and roots was found to increase progressively. The maximum As level was observed at 50 μM in concentration dependent experiment (185 μg g-1 dw in leaves and 9027 μg g-1 dw in roots) and at 30 d in duration dependent experiment (78 μg g-1 dw in leaves and 6175 μg g-1 dw in roots). In concentration dependent experiment, Ni showed a progressive increase while Cu (at all concentrations) and Mn (beyond 5 μM) a decline in both leaves and roots. Zn and Co showed an increase in leaves while a decline in roots. A similar trend of different element concentration was recorded in duration dependent experiment. The present analyses thus highlight that As exposure has profound influence on elemental composition of rice seedlings. Therefore, the health and safety aspects of As impacted rice plants must also be assessed from the perspective of other elemental concentrations.

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