Angela Bartens. Ideophones and sound symbolism in Atlantic creoles. (Suomalaisen Tiedekatemian Toimituksia/Annales Academiae Scientiarium Fennicae. Sarja-series Humaniora, 40.) Helsinki: Finnish Academy of Science and Letters and Finnish Society of Science and Letters, 2000. Pp. 198.

2002 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 134-137
Author(s):  
Stefan Elders
Keyword(s):  
First Language ◽  
Previous Treatment ◽  
Sound Symbolism ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
African Languages ◽  
European Languages ◽  
Relevant Category ◽  
Asian Languages ◽  
Central Claim

The central claim of Ideophones and sound symbolism in Atlantic creoles is that ideophones constitute a relevant category in Atlantic creoles, and that they show both functional and substantial correspondences with ideophones in African languages. The book consists of two main parts: a critical review of the literature on ideophones (Introduction; Chap. 1, “Previous treatment of ideophones and sound symbolism in the literature”; Chap. 2, “Characterization of ideophones: towards a cross-linguistic prototype”), and an etymological database of ideophones in the Atlantic creoles (Chap. 3, “The use of ideophone in the Atlantic creoles and their tentative etymologies”). Two appendices present data sources and the approximate number of ideophones in some languages. The study is based on the available literature, supplemented by data on Atlantic creoles, African languages, European languages, and two Asian languages that was obtained either from specialists on certain languages or from first-language speakers.

The Afterlife of Oyono's Houseboy in the Swahili Schools Market: To Be or Not to Be Faithful to the Original

PMLA ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 128 (1) ◽  
pp. 178-184
Author(s):  
Ken Walibora Waliaula
Keyword(s):  
Italian Literature ◽  
African Literature ◽  
Ngugi Wa Thiong'o ◽  
Chinua Achebe ◽  
African Languages ◽  
European Languages ◽  
False Proposition ◽  
African Experience ◽  
Dead End ◽  
Asian Languages

Africa, the world's second-largest continent, speaks over two thousand languages but rarely translates itself. it is no wonder, therefore, that Ferdinand Oyono's francophone African classic Une vie de boy (1956), translated into at least twelve European and Asian languages, exists in only one African translation—that is, if we consider as non-African Oyono's original French and the English, Arabic, and Portuguese into which it was translated. Since 1963, when Obi Wali stated in his essay “The Dead End of African Literature” that African literature in English and French was “a clear contradiction, and a false proposition,” like “Italian literature in Hausa” (14), the question of the language of African literature has animated debate. Two decades later, Ngũgĩ wa Thiong'o restated Wali's contention, asserting that European languages led to African “spiritual subjugation” (9). Ngũgĩ argued strongly that African literature should be written in African languages. On the other hand, Chinua Achebe defended European languages, maintaining that they could “carry the weight of African experience” (62).

scholarly journals Towards Development of an Indigenous African Language-based Programming Language

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ezekiel K Olatunji ◽  
John B Oladosu ◽  
Odetunji A Odejobi ◽  
Stephen O Olabiyisi
Keyword(s):  
Programming Languages ◽  
Programming Language ◽  
Native Language ◽  
First Language ◽  
Indigenous Students ◽  
African Languages ◽  
European Languages ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Computer Based ◽  
To Come

Programming languages based on the lexicons of indigenous African languages are rare to come by unlike those based on Asian and / or European languages. It is opined that an African native language-based programming language would enhance comprehension of computer-based problem solving processes by indigenous students and teachers. This study intends to attempt a design and implementation of an African native language-based programming language using Yoruba as case study. Yoruba is the first language of over 30 million people in the south-west of Nigeria, Africa; and is spoken by over one hundred million people world-wide. In preparation towards actual implementation of a prototype of the intended programming language, a mini token recognizer has been developed in QBasic. Keywords— Native language-based programming languages, Yoruba language, Digital divide, Information and communication technology, prototype implementation. 

Modern Greek V V dvandva compounds: A linguistic innovation in the history of the Indo-European languages

2009 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela Ralli
Keyword(s):  
Language Contact ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Compound Formation ◽  
Modern Greek ◽  
Late Medieval Period ◽  
European Languages ◽  
History Of ◽  
Internal Change ◽  
Contact Situation ◽  
Asian Languages

This paper deals with [V V] dvandva compounds, which are frequently used in East and Southeast Asian languages but also in Greek and its dialects: Greek is in this respect uncommon among Indo-European languages. It examines the appearance of this type of compounding in Greek by tracing its development in the late Medieval period, and detects a high rate of productivity in most Modern Greek dialects. It argues that the emergence of the [V V] dvandva pattern is not due to areal pressure or to a language-contact situation, but it is induced by a language internal change. It associates this change with the rise of productivity of compounding in general, and the expansion of verbal compounds in particular. It also suggests that the change contributes to making the compound-formation patterns of the language more uniform and systematic. Claims and proposals are illustrated with data from Standard Modern Greek and its dialects. It is shown that dialectal evidence is crucial for the study of the rise and productivity of [V V] dvandva compounds, since changes are not usually portrayed in the standard language.

Phonetic iconicity in the evaluative morphology of a sample of Indo-European, Niger-Congo and Austronesian languages

2010 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 156-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renáta Gregová ◽  
Lívia Körtvélyessy ◽  
Július Zimmermann
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Sound Symbolism ◽  
Three Dimensional Model ◽  
Austronesian Languages ◽  
Place Of Articulation ◽  
European Languages ◽  
Phonetic Symbolism ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Core Vocabulary

Universals Archive (Universal #1926) indicates a universal tendency for sound symbolism in reference to the expression of diminutives and augmentatives. The research ( Štekauer et al. 2009 ) carried out on European languages has not proved the tendency at all. Therefore, our research was extended to cover three language families – Indo-European, Niger-Congo and Austronesian. A three-step analysis examining different aspects of phonetic symbolism was carried out on a core vocabulary of 35 lexical items. A research sample was selected out of 60 languages. The evaluative markers were analyzed according to both phonetic classification of vowels and consonants and Ultan's and Niewenhuis' conclusions on the dominance of palatal and post-alveolar consonants in diminutive markers. Finally, the data obtained in our sample languages was evaluated by means of a three-dimensional model illustrating the place of articulation of the individual segments.

scholarly journals B.05 Hemi-laryngopharyngeal spasm (HELPS) syndrome: The discovery, cure, and characterization of a new neurological condition

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (S2) ◽  
pp. S11-S11
Author(s):  
C Honey ◽  
M Morrison
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Care ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
The Past ◽  
First Case ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
Operative Outcome ◽  
Small Cohort ◽  
The Common ◽  
Similar Motor

Background: We published the world’s first case of hemi-laryngpharyngeal spasm (HELPS) syndrome cured by microvascular decompression (MVD) of the Xth cranial nerve in 2016. We now present a small cohort of patients (n=3) successfully treated with surgery in order to better delineate the common characteristics of this syndrome, diagnostic tests of choice, nuances of their surgical care and outcomes of their treatment. Methods: The history and physical examination of three patients with HELPS syndrome are presented. Pre-operative laryngoscopy, neuroimaging, response to botox and intra-operative videos are detailed. Post-operative outcome and complications are presented. Results: Each patient reported similar motor (choking) and sensory (coughing) features in their history. Episodic choking relentlessly progressed over the years until it occurred while sleeping and with frightening severity prompting tracheostomy in one patient and intubation in another. A “tickling” sensation deep in the throat triggered episodic coughing that worsened over the years until it occurred while sleeping and with frightening severity (syncope and incontinence). Conclusions: A review of the literature suggests that patients with similar symptoms, often called episodic laryngospasm in the past, have been treated with psychotherapy or antacids. With the recognition that a clearly defined subset of these patients have HELPS syndrome, we can offer them the potential of a neurosurgical cure.

Phenotypic and molecular characterization of a novelDCXdeletion and a review of the literature

2009 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 214-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Chou ◽  
C Boerkoel ◽  
C du Souich ◽  
R Rupps
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Review Of The Literature

scholarly journals Doppler evaluation of the fetal pulmonary artery pressure

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 218-221
Author(s):  
Alberto Sosa-Olavarria ◽  
Jesús Zurita-Peralta ◽  
Claudio V. Schenone ◽  
Mauro H. Schenone ◽  
Fernando Prieto
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Pulmonary Artery Pressure ◽  
Main Pulmonary Artery ◽  
P Value ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Artery Pressure ◽  
Bivariate Correlation ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Doppler Evaluation

Abstract Background The Doppler effect has allowed the characterization of several vessels in maternal-fetal circulation that have been used for practical purposes. Our review of the literature showed a paucity of information about fetal pulmonary artery pressure (FMPAP) and its behavior in regard to gestational age (GA). The objectives of the study were to evaluate a formula to calculate the main FMPAP and its correlation with GA. Methods A total of 337 fetuses without obvious pathology were studied prospectively using Doppler evaluation of the FMPAP. Using the fetal main pulmonary artery Doppler acceleration time (FMPAT), we obtained the FMPAP using the following formula: FMPAP=90 – (0.62×FMPAT). Regression analyses, Pearson’s bivariate correlation and paired sample t-test were used when appropriate. Results FMPAT increases while FMPAP decreases with GA. Pearson’s correlation coefficient for FMPAP and GA was −0.544 (P-value<0.001) and for FMPAT and GA was 0.556 (P-value<0.001). FMPAP and FMPAT were highly correlated (R=−0.972; P<0.001). Conclusion Pulmonary artery pressure in the fetus decreases with GA.

scholarly journals TRENDS OF CONTEMPORARY LEPTOSPIROSIS (REVIEW OF LITERATURE)

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-100
Author(s):  
Vladimir N. Gorodin ◽  
D. L. Moysova ◽  
V. A. Bakhtina ◽  
S. V. Zotov
Keyword(s):  
Organ Dysfunction ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Disease Complex ◽  
Modern Information ◽  
Clinically Significant

A review of the literature is devoted to one of the most common and clinically significant zoonoses - leptospirosis. The article summarizes modern information on prevalence, epidemiology, etiopathogenesis and clinical features, diagnosis of leptospirosis infection over the last 10 years. The particular attention is paid to the characterization of severe forms of the disease, complex approaches to the treatment of the disease, correction of organ dysfunction and hemostasis disorders; review.

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