scholarly journals Resolving knowledge discrepancies in informing sequences

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 409-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucas M. Seuren ◽  
Mike Huiskes ◽  
Tom Koole
Keyword(s):  
Word Order ◽  
States Of Affairs ◽  
Change Of State ◽  
English Translations ◽  
Specific Practice

AbstractThis article investigates a specific practice that recipients in Dutch talk-in-interaction use when responding to turns that have as one of their main jobs to inform. By responding to an informing turn with an oh-prefaced nonrepeating response that has yes/no-type interrogative word order, recipients treat that turn as counter to expectation and request both confirmation of the inference formulated in his/her response, as well as reconciliatory information for the two discrepant states of affairs. This practice is compared to similar cases where the nonrepeating response is not oh-prefaced to show that such turns implement different actions. Data are in Dutch with English translations. (Counterexpectations, change-of-state, yes/no-type interrogatives, action formation, practions)*

Priming semantic structure in Brazilian Portuguese

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jayden Ziegler ◽  
Rodrigo Morato ◽  
Jesse Snedeker
Keyword(s):  
Word Order ◽  
Syntactic Structure ◽  
Brazilian Portuguese ◽  
Semantic Structure ◽  
Structural Priming ◽  
Locative Alternation ◽  
Change Of State

Structural priming, the tendency for speakers to reuse previously encountered sentence structures, provides some of the strongest evidence for the existence of abstract structural representations in language. In the present research, we investigate the priming of semantic structure in Brazilian Portuguese using the locative alternation: A menina lustrou a mesa com o verniz “The girl rubbed the table with the polish” vs. A menina lustrou o verniz na mesa “The girl rubbed the polish on the table.” On the surface, both locative variants have the same syntactic structure: NP-V-NP-PP. However, location-theme locatives (“rub table with polish” describe a caused-change-of-state event, while theme-location locatives (“rub polish on table”) describe a caused-change-of-location event. We find robust priming on the basis of these semantic differences. This work extends our knowledge by demonstrating that semantic structural priming is not isolated to languages like English (e.g., satellite-framed with strict word order and limited inflection) but is present in a language with very different typological characteristics (e.g., verb-framed and richly inflected with subject dropping).

The Drama in the Sentence: Sequence as a Crucial Challenge for Literary Translation from and to Korean

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-41
Author(s):  
Andreas Schirmer
Keyword(s):  
Word Order ◽  
Literary Translation ◽  
Functional Equivalence ◽  
Cognitive Effect ◽  
Disclosure Of Information ◽  
English Translations ◽  
The Common ◽  
Grammatical Dependencies ◽  
Order Of Elements

In translation, carefully-crafted sentences are exposed to myriad dangers. This is because translators tend to prioritize syntactical fidelity at the expense of sequence, that is, the order of elements insofar as this relates to calculated progression, gradual disclosure of information, and cumulative development of meaning. But if sequence is turned around for the sake of fluency (conforming to the target language’s ostensibly “natural” word order), the reader’s experience changes as well. Through a set of examples drawn from English translations of Korean fiction, this article demonstrates that the common disregard for sequence is tantamount to a neglect of drama and suspense, of narrative perspectivation, of rhetorical sophistication and cognitive effect. But we also see that by favoring functional equivalence over imitation of grammatical dependencies, it is perfectly possible to allow the reader to process all information at a pace that is analogous to that of the original. Our findings provide insights that are of significance for other language pairings as well.

scholarly journals Emphatic Italics in English Translations: Stylistic Failure or Motivated Stylistic Resources?

2011 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 424-442 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela Saldanha
Keyword(s):  
Characteristic Feature ◽  
Word Order ◽  
Information Structure ◽  
Spoken Language ◽  
Implicit Association ◽  
Common Features ◽  
English Translations ◽  
Consistent Feature ◽  
Stylistic Function ◽  
Information Focus

This article argues that emphatic italics, a typographic feature regularly ignored by linguists and associated with poor style, have an important stylistic function in English, often working in implicit association with prosodic patterns in spoken language to signal marked information focus, thus fulfilling an important role in information structure and adding a conversational and involved tone to written texts. Emphatic italics are more common in English than in other languages because tonic prominence is the preferred means of marking information focus in English, while other languages use purely linguistic devices, such as word order. Thus arises the question of what happens in English translations from and into other languages. The study presented here looks at results obtained from a bidirectional English-Portuguese corpus (COMPARA) which suggest that italics may be less common in English translations from Portuguese than in non-translated English texts. This trend could potentially be explained by the use of common features of translated language, in particular explicitation and conservatism (also known as normalization). However, a closer look at the work of particular translators shows that the avoidance or use of italics is not a consistent feature of translations and may be a characteristic feature of the stylistic profile of certain translators.

scholarly journals Translating Word Order Variations in the Qurʾan: A Qualitative and Quantitative Assessment

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Ahmed Saleh Elimam
Keyword(s):  
Word Order ◽  
Quantitative Assessment ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Initial Position ◽  
Lexical Item ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
English Translations

Marked, unconventional word order is one of the most pertinent stylistic features of the Qurʾan, and is employed to realise certain discursive functions. This article identifies the verses which foreground a lexical item to (or towards) sentence-initial position, resulting in a marked word order, as well as the functions realised thereby, drawing on classical commentaries on the Qurʾan. Two of the most important English translations of the Qurʾan by Abdel Haleem (2004/2005) and Arberry (1955/1998) are selected for closer examination of the strategies they use to deal with the corpus of verses. The discussion is carried out against the backdrop of the translators’ stated aims and reviews of their output. Furthermore, the potential influences of the translators’ motivations, target readers’ expectations, and the historical context of their work on their respective output are also discussed.

scholarly journals Instances of simplified style in ten English translations of Dane Zajc

2003 ◽  
Vol 36 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 101-113
Author(s):  
Nada Grošelj
Keyword(s):  
Word Order ◽  
Relative Frequency ◽  
Syntactic Form ◽  
Rhetorical Devices ◽  
English Translations ◽  
Functional Sentence Perspective

The article compares five poems by the Slovenian poet Dane Zajc and two translations of these poems into English. Focusing on the structures which are stylistically marked in Slovenian but neutralised in translation, the article categorises the translation solutions into groups according to how closely they correspond to the original and each other in syntactic form and in organisation of information (the functional sentence perspective), exarnining the instances from each group in detail and deterrnining their relative frequency. It concludes by isolating the three types of marked Slovenian structures which tend to be neutralised in translation: marked word order, structural am­ biguity, and non-basic constructions, including rhetorical devices.

scholarly journals http://habibiaislamicus.com/index.php/hirj/article/view/168

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-48
Author(s):  
Ali Raza Awan ◽  
◽  
Shair Ali Khan
Keyword(s):  
Human Nature ◽  
Word Order ◽  
Morphological Study ◽  
Arabic Language ◽  
High Rank ◽  
Order Selection ◽  
Linguistic Style ◽  
Complete Knowledge ◽  
English Translations ◽  
Selection Of

The Holy Qur’an is the eternal miracle of Allah revealed on his beloved Prophet Muhammad (PBUH). This book is a miracle from many perspectives, which provides complete knowledge, detail of creation, history, human nature. It is the book of realities and revealed in the high rank of Arabic language. Its linguistic style, unique expressions, word order, selection of words and omission of letters is so purposeful and meaningful that it is impossible produce its replica in any other language. This study specially focuses over mentioning and omission of letters from words and their impact on meaning of words. This is rhetoric and morphological study which deals with structure and form of the words and their semantic impact on the meanings. In this research some words e.g., اسْطَاعُوْا and اسْتَطَاعُوْاlikewise تَتَنَزَّلُ and تَنَزَّلُ etc. would be discussed morphologically and the omission of the letter ‘التاء’ and its impact on meaning would be discussed semantically and rhetorically. The linguistic distinction and uniqueness of the Quranic words would be analyzed and compared with English translations. Through this way rhetoric and miraculous aspect of the Quranic expression would be explored.

scholarly journals Productivity and Constraint on Multi-Verb Constructions in Old Japanese

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Wenchao Li
Keyword(s):  
Word Order ◽  
Linguistic Analysis ◽  
Motion Verbs ◽  
Writing System ◽  
Case System ◽  
Change Of State ◽  
Verb Constructions ◽  
Classical Chinese ◽  
Old Japanese

Old Japanese is a dead language from the Asuka and Nara periods (7th - 8th century AD). Its writing system, case system and word order make it distinct from Modern Japanese in many respects. This study presents a quantitative linguistic analysis to the patterns of multiple verb combining in Old Japanese. To this end, two databases were built: multi-verb construction in the Early Nara Period written in variant Chinese (AD. 712) and purely classical Chinese (AD. 720), and multi-verb construction in the Late Nara Period written by man’yōgana (AD. 759).The findings reveal that, in the Nara period, the formation of multi-verb constructions is an issue of verb serialisingand is facilitated at a syntactic level. Grammaticalisation of unaccusative change-of-state verbs and motion verbs results in tighter integrity of multiple verbs, which, in turn, inspires the device of verb compounding.The entropy ofthe Vfinal unaccusative reveals that the formation via verb serialising is more productive than the formation via verb compounding.

Processing cost and its consequences

2016 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
Author(s):  
William O'Grady
Keyword(s):  
Word Order ◽  
Proximity Effects ◽  
Processing Cost

AbstractI focus on two challenges that processing-based theories of language must confront: the need to explain why language has the particular properties that it does, and the need to explain why processing pressures are manifested in the particular way that they are. I discuss these matters with reference to two illustrative phenomena: proximity effects in word order and a constraint on contraction.

Phrase-Learning in Deaf and Hearing Subjects

1967 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 600-605 ◽  
Author(s):  
Penelope B. Odom ◽  
Richard L. Blanton
Keyword(s):  
Word Order ◽  
Fifth Graders ◽  
English Word ◽  
Normal Hearing ◽  
Twelfth Graders ◽  
Memory Processes ◽  
Study Test ◽  
The Mean

Two groups each containing 24 deaf subjects were compared with 24 fifth graders and 24 twelfth graders with normal hearing on the learning of segments of written English. Eight subjects from each group learned phrasally defined segments such as “paid the tall lady,” eight more learned the same words in nonphrases having acceptable English word order such as “lady paid the tall,” and the remaining eight in each group learned the same words scrambled, “lady tall the paid.” The task consisted of 12 study-test trials. Analyses of the mean number of words recalled correctly and the probability of recalling the whole phrase correctly, given that one word of it was recalled, indicated that both ages of hearing subjects showed facilitation on the phrasally defined segments, interference on the scrambled segments. The deaf groups showed no differential recall as a function of phrasal structure. It was concluded that the deaf do not possess the same perceptual or memory processes with regard to English as do the hearing subjects.

Word Order

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jae Jung Song
Keyword(s):  
Word Order
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