Cognitive control in altruism and self-control: A social cognitive neuroscience perspective

2002 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 260-260
Author(s):  
Jeremy R. Gray ◽  
Todd S. Braver
Keyword(s):  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Cognitive Control ◽  
Cognitive Neuroscience ◽  
Executive Control ◽  
Dual Task ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Social Cognitive Neuroscience ◽  
The Face

The primrose path and prisoner's dilemma paradigms may require cognitive (executive) control: The active maintenance of context representations in lateral prefrontal cortex to provide top-down support for specific behaviors in the face of short delays or stronger response tendencies. This perspective suggests further tests of whether altruism is a type of self-control, including brain imaging, induced affect, and dual-task studies.

Please Empathize! Instructions to empathize strengthen response facilitation after pain observation

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carl Michael Orquiola Galang ◽  
Sukhvinder S. Obhi
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Neuroscience ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Bottom Up ◽  
Response Facilitation ◽  
Social Cognitive Neuroscience ◽  
Perceived Pain ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Robust Evidence

Recent research has shown that observing others in pain leads to a general facilitation of reaction times. The current study sheds further light on the relationship between pain observation and reaction time by exploring how bottom-up processes, in the form of perceived pain intensity, and top-down processes, in the form of explicit instructions to empathize, influence response facilitation after pain observation. Participants watched videos of a hand getting pierced by a needle or touched by a Q-tip. To manipulate bottom-up information, participants saw videos depicting either deep or shallow insertion of the needle. To investigate potential top-down modulation, half the participants were explicitly requested to empathize with the person in the video, while the other half were told to simply watch and attend to the video. Results from two experiments corroborate previous results showing response facilitation after pain observation. Critically, experiment 2 provides robust evidence that explicit instructions to empathize with a person in pain strengthen response facilitation. We discuss these results considering social cognitive neuroscience and experimental psychology studies of empathy and pain observation.

scholarly journals Chapter 9 - Theory of Mind and Joint Attention - The Handbook on Socially Interactive Agents

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jairo Pérez-Osorio ◽  
Eva Wiese ◽  
Agnieszka Wykowska
Keyword(s):  
Theory Of Mind ◽  
Joint Attention ◽  
Cognitive Neuroscience ◽  
Computational Models ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Virtual Agents ◽  
Artificial Agents ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Social Cognitive Neuroscience ◽  
Intelligent Virtual Agents

The present chapter provides an overview from the perspective of social cognitive neuroscience (SCN) regarding theory of mind (ToM) and joint attention (JA) as crucial mechanisms of social cognition and discusses how these mechanisms have been investigated in social interaction with artificial agents. In the final sections, the chapter reviews computational models of ToM and JA in social robots (SRs) and intelligent virtual agents (IVAs) and discusses the current challenges and future directions.

Assemblages and Co-emergent Corpomaterialities in Postsecondary Education: Pedagogical Lessons from Somatic Psychology and Physical Cultures

Somatechnics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 413-431
Author(s):  
Janelle Joseph ◽  
Ellyn Kerr
Keyword(s):  
Postsecondary Education ◽  
Cognitive Neuroscience ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Somatic Psychology ◽  
Sport Training ◽  
Postsecondary Institution ◽  
Social Cognitive Neuroscience ◽  
Inclusive Learning ◽  
Learning Architectures

Building on a new materialist ontology, this article explores the significance of viewing the postsecondary institution and learner as assemblages co-emerging in material relationality. Bodies of thought from social cognitive neuroscience, somatic psychotherapy, and physical cultural studies inform an analysis of the evaluation culture predominant in Western postsecondary education. These disciplines are used to interrogate representational performativity and point to new possibilities for material-inclusive learning. A new materialist pedagogy holds possibilities to reconfigure learning architectures to recognise and attend to the corpomaterialities of learners while allowing for new and creative lines of flight in education, as illustrated by physical cultural practices such as sport training, dance, and capoeira.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document