Representational formats in medial temporal lobe and neocortex also determine subjective memory features

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolai Axmacher
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Medial Temporal Lobe ◽  
Subjective Memory ◽  
Representational Format ◽  
Memory Contents ◽  
Episodic Memories

Abstract Episodic memories are shaped by the representational format of their contents. These formats are not only determined by medial temporal lobe areas, but essentially also by the neocortical regions which these areas control. The representational formats of medial temporal lobe and neocortex are sufficient to determine both, memory contents and subjective memory qualities, without the further need for an attribution system.

scholarly journals Volume Loss of the Medial Temporal Lobe Structures in Subjective Memory Impairment

2010 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadine Striepens ◽  
Lukas Scheef ◽  
Andrea Wind ◽  
Julius Popp ◽  
Annika Spottke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Medial Temporal Lobe ◽  
Memory Impairment ◽  
Volume Loss ◽  
Subjective Memory ◽  
Subjective Memory Impairment

scholarly journals The Possible Contribution of the Amygdala to Memory

1993 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 167-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Babinsky ◽  
P. Calabrese ◽  
H. F. Durwen ◽  
H. J. Markowitsch ◽  
D. Brechtelsbauer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Basal Forebrain ◽  
Medial Temporal Lobe ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Memory Functions ◽  
Memory Disorder ◽  
Neuropsychological Investigation ◽  
Episodic Memories

The processing of episodic memories is believed to depend on the proper functioning of so-called bottleneck structures through which information apparently must pass in order to be stored long term. These regions are seen in the basal forebrain, the medial diencephalon, and the medial temporal lobe. We here report a case with circumscribed bilateral temporal lobe damage, principally involving the amygdaloid area. Neuropsychological investigation demonstrated preserved intelligence, intact general memory and several other undisturbed cognitive functions, but a specific, affect-related, memory disorder. We conclude from these findings that the role of the amygdala is to process mnemonic events in a way that a specific emotional significance can be found and reactivated. Therefore it is suggested that the amygdala is likely to be a bottleneck structure for affect-related long-term memory functions.

scholarly journals Feedforward prediction error signals during episodic memory retrieval

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafi U. Haque ◽  
Sara K. Inati ◽  
Allan I. Levey ◽  
Kareem A. Zaghloul
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Prediction Error ◽  
Medial Temporal Lobe ◽  
Internal Models ◽  
Neural Mechanisms ◽  
Error Signal ◽  
Intracranial Eeg ◽  
Visual Hierarchy ◽  
Eeg Recordings ◽  
Episodic Memories

AbstractOur memories enable us to form expectations for our future experiences, yet the precise neural mechanisms underlying how we compare any experience to our memory remain unknown. Here, using intracranial EEG recordings, we show that episodic memories formed after a single visual experience establish expectations for future experience within neocortical-medial temporal lobe circuits. When subsequent experiences violate these expectations, we find a 80–120 Hz prediction error signal that emerges in both visual association areas and the medial temporal lobe. Critically, this error signal emerges in visual association areas first and then propagates to the medial temporal lobe. This error signal is accompanied by alpha coherence between the two regions. Our data therefore suggest that internal models formed from episodic memories are generated throughout the visual hierarchy after just a single exposure, and that these internal models are then used for comparison with future experiences.

Children show adult-like hippocampal pattern separation for familiar but not novel events

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan L. Benear ◽  
Elizabeth A. Horwath ◽  
Emily Cowan ◽  
M. Catalina Camacho ◽  
Chi Ngo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Episodic Memory ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Medial Temporal Lobe ◽  
Developmental Change ◽  
Pattern Separation ◽  
Developmental Changes ◽  
Similarity Analysis ◽  
Separation Processes ◽  
Parahippocampal Cortex ◽  
Pattern Similarity

The medial temporal lobe (MTL) undergoes critical developmental change throughout childhood, which aligns with developmental changes in episodic memory. We used representational similarity analysis to compare neural pattern similarity for children and adults in hippocampus and parahippocampal cortex during naturalistic viewing of clips from the same movie or different movies. Some movies were more familiar to participants than others. Neural pattern similarity was generally lower for clips from the same movie, indicating that related content taxes pattern separation-like processes. However, children showed this effect only for movies with which they were familiar, whereas adults showed the effect consistently. These data suggest that children need more exposures to stimuli in order to show mature pattern separation processes.

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