scholarly journals 40 GW Linear Transformer Driver stage for pulse generators of Mega-ampere range

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 371-378 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.M. Kovalchuk ◽  
A.V. Kharlov ◽  
A.A. Zherlitsyn ◽  
E.V. Kumpjak ◽  
N.V. Tsoy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Voltage ◽  
Rise Time ◽  
Inertial Confinement Fusion ◽  
Pulse Length ◽  
Output Pulse ◽  
Inertial Confinement ◽  
High Current ◽  
High Current Electronics ◽  
Isentropic Compression ◽  
Linear Transformer Driver

AbstractLinear transformer driver (LTD) technology is actively developed at the Institute of High Current Electronics in Tomsk, Russia. This technology is being examined for use in high current high voltage pulsed accelerators. Recent development of high voltage low inductance capacitors and low inductance switches enabled to achieve ~100 ns rise time of the LTD output pulse. This technique allows one to eliminate intermediate pulse forming sections, used in the present accelerator technology, which would keep the footprint of an LTD accelerator small. LTD based drivers are currently considered for many applications, including future very high current Z-pinch drivers for inertial confinement fusion, medium current drivers with adjustable pulse length for isentropic compression experiments, and finally relatively low current accelerators for radiography and X-pinches. In this article, we present the design and test results for a new LTD stage, that operates at 100 kV charging voltage. Current amplitude up to 850 kA with ~140 ns rise time was obtained on a 0.05 Ω load. Stack of the LTD stages can be easily assembled in series or in parallel, thus providing voltage or current multiplication, respectively. Design of multi-mega-volt and multi-mega-ampere generators becomes straightforward with the LTD technology.

Simulation of Space Charge Waves in Finite Length High-Current Beams with Wall Resistivity

1982 ◽  
Vol 37 (8) ◽  
pp. 939-945 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Hofmann
Keyword(s):  
Space Charge ◽  
Inertial Confinement Fusion ◽  
Beam Quality ◽  
Inertial Confinement ◽  
High Current ◽  
Charge Effects ◽  
Confinement Fusion ◽  
Subsequent Conversion ◽  
Finite Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Wall Resistivity

Collective space charge effects play an important role in intense unneutralized beams of non relativistic heavy ions, which are of interest in recently proposed high-current accelerators (such as drivers for inertial confinement fusion etc.). Of particular importance is the propagation of wave-like perturbations including the destabilizing effect of dissipation due to finite electrical conductivity in the surrounding walls. The propagation characteristics of such waves are investigated by means of 2½-dimensional computer simulation, with emphasis on dispersion, steepening (leading to solitary waves), and the problem of reflection of a growing wave at the beam tail with subsequent conversion into a damped wave propagating back into the beam. The net result on beam quality is discussed

Super High Voltage System for Ion Beam Inertial Confinement Fusion

1988 ◽  
Vol 57 (7) ◽  
pp. 2233-2236
Author(s):  
Kazuo Imasaki ◽  
Shuji Miyamoto ◽  
Tatsuro Akiba ◽  
Sadao Nakai ◽  
Chiyoe Yamanaka
Keyword(s):  
High Voltage ◽  
Inertial Confinement Fusion ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
Inertial Confinement ◽  
Confinement Fusion ◽  
High Voltage System

scholarly journals Double-cone ignition scheme for inertial confinement fusion

2020 ◽  
Vol 378 (2184) ◽  
pp. 20200015 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Zhang ◽  
W. M. Wang ◽  
X. H. Yang ◽  
D. Wu ◽  
Y. Y. Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inertial Confinement Fusion ◽  
Energy Requirement ◽  
Fusion Energy ◽  
Laser Pulses ◽  
High Gain ◽  
Double Cone ◽  
Inertial Confinement ◽  
Fast Heating ◽  
Isentropic Compression ◽  
Confinement Fusion

While major progress has been made in the research of inertial confinement fusion, significant challenges remain in the pursuit of ignition. To tackle the challenges, we propose a double-cone ignition (DCI) scheme, in which two head-on gold cones are used to confine deuterium–tritium (DT) shells imploded by high-power laser pulses. The scheme is composed of four progressive controllable processes: quasi-isentropic compression, acceleration, head-on collision and fast heating of the compressed fuel. The quasi-isentropic compression is performed inside two head-on cones. At the later stage of the compression, the DT shells in the cones are accelerated to forward velocities of hundreds of km s –1 . The head-on collision of the compressed and accelerated fuels from the cone tips transfer the forward kinetic energy to the thermal energy of the colliding fuel with an increased density. The preheated high-density fuel can keep its status for a period of approximately 200 ps. Within this period, MeV electrons generated by ps heating laser pulses, guided by a ns laser-produced strong magnetic field further heat the fuel efficiently. Our simulations show that the implosion inside the head-on cones can greatly mitigate the energy requirement for compression; the collision can preheat the compressed fuel of approximately 300 g cm −3 to a temperature above keV. The fuel can then reach an ignition temperature of greater than 5 keV with magnetically assisted heating of MeV electrons generated by the heating laser pulses. Experimental campaigns to demonstrate the scheme have already begun. This article is part of a discussion meeting issue ‘Prospects for high gain inertial fusion energy (part 1)’.

scholarly journals Plasma-filled diode in the electron accelerator on base of a pulsed linear transformer

2010 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 547-552 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.M. Kovalchuk ◽  
A.A. Zherlitsyn ◽  
N.N. Pedin
Keyword(s):  
High Voltage ◽  
High Power ◽  
Rise Time ◽  
Electron Accelerator ◽  
Transmission Efficiency ◽  
Vacuum Diode ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
High Current ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Nanosecond Pulses

AbstractTechnique of a linear transformer allows now to build the generators of high power nanosecond pulses with the current rise time of ~100 ns without intermediate power compression stages. This technique is being examined for use in high current high voltage pulsed accelerators. Plasma-filled diode has several advantages over standard vacuum diode that allow to improve the accelerators parameters. In this paper, plasma-filled diode experiments are described on generation of e-beam in the linear transformer accelerator. Possibility of use in the diode of isolated parallel plasma channels has been proven for the e-beam generation with cross-sectional area up to 50 cm2. The beam with current of 100 kA at voltage more than 400 kV was generated in the plasma-filled diode. Energy transmission efficiency from primary storage into a beam is about 54%.

scholarly journals Powerful Nd:glass laser with composite active elements incorporating WFR cells and output pulse compressors

1993 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 583-585
Author(s):  
V.N. Belousov ◽  
Yu.K. Nizienko
Keyword(s):  
Inertial Confinement Fusion ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Brillouin Scattering ◽  
Phase Conjugation ◽  
Laser System ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Output Pulse ◽  
Inertial Confinement ◽  
Double Pass ◽  
Confinement Fusion

A new scheme for a large-scale solid-state laser system for inertial confinement fusion application is proposed. Double-pass amplifiers composed of a large number of Nd:glass rods and flash lamps between them are used together with phase-conjugation cells and output stimulated Brillouin scattering pulse compressors. The results of the preliminary experimental tests are presented, and the advantages of the proposed scheme are discussed.

Energy gain of a thin DT shell target in inertial confinement fusion

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (11) ◽  
pp. 1450066 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soheil Khoshbinfar
Keyword(s):  
Inertial Confinement Fusion ◽  
Energy Gain ◽  
Ignition Process ◽  
Inertial Confinement ◽  
State Variables ◽  
Simulation Code ◽  
Isentropic Compression ◽  
Gain Curve ◽  
Confinement Fusion ◽  
The Cost

Estimation of maximum possible energy gain for a given energy of driver has always become a key point in inertial confinement fusion. It has direct impact on the cost of produced electricity. Here, we employ a hydrodynamics model to assess energy gain in the case of a symmetrical hydrodynamics implosion where a narrow fuel shell consisting of deuterium–tritium (DT), can experience an isentropic compression in a self-similar regime. Introducing a set of six state parameters {H hs , T hs , U imp , αc, ξhs and μhs}, the final fuel state close to ignition is fully described. It enables us to calculate energy gain curves for specific set of these state variables. The envelope of the energy gain family curves provide a limiting gain curve [Formula: see text]. Next, we took into account the inertial of cold surrounding fuel on the ignition process. It changes the limiting gain curve slope to 0.41. Finally, the analytical model results assessed and validated using numerical simulation code.

scholarly journals Repetitively pulsed high-current accelerators with transformer charging of forming lines

2003 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
GENNADY A. MESYATS ◽  
SERGEI D. KOROVIN ◽  
ALEXANDER V. GUNIN ◽  
VLADIMIR P. GUBANOV ◽  
ALEKSEI S. STEPCHENKO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Characteristic Feature ◽  
High Voltage ◽  
Siberian Division ◽  
High Current ◽  
High Current Electronics ◽  
Tesla Transformer ◽  
Central Conductor ◽  
Long Lifetime ◽  
Voltage Pulses

This article describes the principles of operation and the parameters of the SINUS setups designed at the Institute of High-Current Electronics, Siberian Division, Russian Academy of Science, over the period from 1990 to 2002. A characteristic feature of accelerators of the SINUS type is the use of coaxial forming lines (in particular, with a spiral central conductor) which are charged by a built-in Tesla transformer to produce the accelerating high-voltage pulses. This ensures a reasonable compactness and long lifetime of the setups.

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