Donor policy on funding livestock research and development

1993 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Scott
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Rural Development ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Research And Development ◽  
Developing World ◽  
Evaluation Studies ◽  
Sustainable Land Use ◽  
Cash Income ◽  
Land Use Systems

AbstractIn recent years there has been a decline in donor support for livestock research and production in the developing world. Evaluation studies suggest that such activities have a mixed record of success. Failures have been ascribed to institutional weaknesses and an inability to identify farmers’ priorities. In addition, there is an increasing donor concern about the adverse environmental effects of livestock, particularly in fragile ecosystems.Concern has been expressed that, if the decreasing support is not reversed, donor supported activities will underplay the important rôle of livestock in rural development.There are, however, signs that many of the lessons of experience have been learned and that there is an improving understanding of the crucial part played by livestock in sustainable land-use systems and in generating cash income.Donors are increasingly appraising livestock activities within an agro-ecological or land-use systems framework and adopting a ‘demand-led’ approach based on farmer's priorities. Past experience suggests that Government institutions should concentrate on regulatory functions and other activities unsuited to the private sector. There is, therefore, a greater willingness to involve private-sector organizations, co-operatives and non-governmental organizations. Environmental impact assessments are becoming an integral part of donor supported rural development activities.Any increase in the levels of funding for livestock research and development will depend on the socioeconomic and environmental impact of livestock in the developing world being better understood and, wherever possible, quantified.

scholarly journals Assessing the Extent of Historical, Current, and Future Land Use Systems in Uganda

Land ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Majaliwa Mwanjalolo ◽  
Barasa Bernard ◽  
Mukwaya Paul ◽  
Wanyama Joshua ◽  
Kutegeka Sophie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Markov Chain Model ◽  
Open Water ◽  
Sustainable Land Use ◽  
Chain Model ◽  
Land Use Systems ◽  
Systems Planning ◽  
Future Prediction ◽  
Ecosystem Interactions

Sustainable land use systems planning and management requires a wider understanding of the spatial extent and detailed human-ecosystem interactions astride any landscape. This study assessed the extent of historical, current, and future land use systems in Uganda. The specific objectives were to (i) characterize and assess the extent of historical and current land use systems, and (ii) project future lan use systems. The land use systems were defined and classified using spatially explicit land use/cover layers for the years 1990 and 2015, while the future prediction (for the year 2040) was determined using land use systems datasets for both years through a Markov chain model. This study reveals a total of 29 classes of land use systems that can be broadly categorized as follows: three of the land use systems are agricultural, five are under bushland, four under forest, five under grasslands, two under impediments, three under wetlands, five under woodland, one under open water and urban settlement respectively. The highest gains in the land amongst the land use systems were experienced in subsistence agricultural land and grasslands protected, while the highest losses were seen in grasslands unprotected and woodland/forest with low livestock densities. By 2040, subsistence agricultural land is likely to increase by about 1% while tropical high forest with livestock activities is expected to decrease by 0.2%, and woodland/forest unprotected by 0.07%. High demand for agricultural and settlement land are mainly responsible for land use systems patchiness. This study envisages more land degradation and disasters such as landslides, floods, droughts, and so forth to occur in the country, causing more deaths and loss of property, if the rate at which land use systems are expanding is not closely monitored and regulated in the near future.

scholarly journals Potential for Hungarian Grasslands in integrated rural development

2009 ◽  
Vol 3 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 37-39
Author(s):  
Géza Nagy
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Rural Development ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Resource Analysis ◽  
Future Expectations ◽  
Land Use Systems ◽  
Integrated Rural Development ◽  
Integrated Agriculture ◽  
Future Prediction

Sustainability and multifunctionality, two key principles, which will determine future development in any activities. On the bases of these principles, society as a whole has already outlined future expectations towards rural areas. Rural functions (economic, ecological and socio-cultural ones) have been declared in European Charter for RuralAreas. To what extend can different rural development initiatives meet these functions? The question may be answered by using the method of multifunctional rural resource analysis (NAGY, 2007). The paper is investigating the potential for Hungarian grasslands by using this methodology. It is concluded that our grasslands, as land use systems in their present conditions can participate in integrated rural development in the most balanced way compared to other land use systems in the county. Economically their potential is good. Ecologically their potential is outstanding. The socio-cultural potential of grassland use in Hungary is also outstanding due to the historical roots.As a future prediction the relative importance of the three grassland functions has been outlined in integrated agriculture and rural development.

scholarly journals Soil Properties Affected by Land Use Systems in Western Chitwan, Nepal

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 265-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.P. Chauhan ◽  
K.R. Pande ◽  
S. Thakur
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Sustainable Land Use ◽  
Block Designs ◽  
Forest Land ◽  
Pasture Land ◽  
Land Use Systems ◽  
Vegetable Farm

Field experiments were conducted in acidic soils of Mangalpur and Fulbari VDCs in western Chitwan, Nepal to study the effects of different land use systems on soil properties. Seven land use systems (cereal based lowland, cereal based upland, vegetable farm land, fruit orchard land, pasture land, forest land and farmer’s field) were used and they were replicated four times in randomized complete block designs. Composite soil samples were collected from each study sites and were analyzed in laboratory for soil physicochemical properties. The data obtained were analyzed using MSTAT-C. Soil properties were significantly affected by land use systems in western Chitwan condition. Soil organic matter and total soil nitrogen were significantly higher from pasture land (4.69 % and 0.23 %) and the lowest were from farmer’s field (2.40 % and 0.08 %). However, available soil phosphorous content was significantly higher from cereal based upland (448.3 kg ha-1) and it was the lowest from forest land (13.0 kg ha-1). Soil bulk density and pH were not significantly affected by land use systems. Since land use systems and management practices significantly affect soil physical and chemical properties, an appropriate and sustainable land use management option is necessary for fertile and healthy soil. Conservation tillage with the addition of sufficient organic inputs can be suggested based on this study to maintain soil health for sustained production and optimum activity of soil organisms under the western Chitwan land use systems. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijasbt.v2i3.10660  DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijasbt.v2i3.10660 Int J Appl Sci Biotechnol, Vol. 2(3): 265-269  

Rural development and sustainable land use in the hillsides of Honduras.

2009 ◽  
pp. 159-180
Author(s):  
H. G. P. Jansen ◽  
J. Pender ◽  
A. Damon ◽  
W. Wielemaker ◽  
R. Schipper
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Rural Development ◽  
Sustainable Land Use

scholarly journals Impact of sustainable land-use management practices on soil carbon sequestration and soil quality in the west coast of India

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paramesh Venkatesh ◽  
SURENDRA SINGH ◽  
Deepak Mohekar ◽  
Vadivel Arunachalam ◽  
Shiva Misra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Soil Quality ◽  
West Coast ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Sustainable Land Use ◽  
Areca Nut ◽  
Land Use Management ◽  
Coastal Plains ◽  
Land Use Systems ◽  
Soc Stocks

The evaluation of sustainable land management practices is imperative under particular soil type, climate, and cropping sequence following area-specific best management practices. The alternative land-use system (ALUS-natural forest, pasture, cashew, areca nut, coconut) on hills and agricultural land-use system (AGLUS-rice-rice, rice-pulse) in the coastal plains of west coast India was evaluated in this study. The present study assessed the impact of sustainable land-use management practices on different fractions of SOC and soil quality under ALUS and AGLUS. The total SOC stocks under different land-use systems varied from 14.4 Mg ha−1 in rice–rice rotations to 133.7 Mg ha−1 in cashew and more than 75% of total SOC stock were found as a passive carbon pool. The higher lability index, available nutrients, and biochemical properties were found in ALUS. This variation in the levels of SOC and soil quality was due to land use and management practices. The results indicated land use with areca nut (0.8) on the hills and rice–pulses (0.25) rotations on the coast had maintained soil quality of high order. On upscaling the different land-use systems by growing cashew, areca nut, coconut, pasture, and rice-pulses rotations, SOC stocks of Goa can increase from 6.33 Tg at present to 32 Tg. We recommend promoting sustainable agriculture with ALUS on the hills and with AGLUS on the coastal plains of Goa for enhancing SOC sequestration and improving soil quality.

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