PP152 Epigenetic In Vitro Diagnostic Test For Early Diagnosis In Lung Cancer: An Early Assessment

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (S1) ◽  
pp. 23-23
Author(s):  
Ana Isabel Hijas-Gómez ◽  
Mar Polo-de-Santos ◽  
Setefilla Luengo-Matos ◽  
Luis Maria Sánchez-Gómez
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Bronchoalveolar Lavage ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Cochrane Central Register ◽  
Medical Database ◽  
Dna Hypermethylation ◽  
Early Assessment ◽  
In Vitro Diagnostic

IntroductionLung cancer is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality, and early diagnosis is essential for patient survival. Epigenetics is an innovative discipline that provides biomarkers to aid in early diagnosis, patient risk classification, or outcome prediction. Each type of tumor may present specific patterns of gene methylation, the analysis of which may be useful as a diagnostic tool. The aim of this study was to conduct an early assessment of novel in vitro diagnostic (IVD) tests based on the identification of DNA hypermethylation epigenetic signatures developed for the early detection of lung cancer.MethodsWe identified this technology through the Early Awareness and Alert System “SINTESIS-new technologies” of the Agencia de Evaluación de Tecnologías Sanitarias - Instituto de Salud Carlos III. A literature search of PubMed, the Trip Medical Database, the International Clinical Trials Registry Platform, ClinicalTrials.gov, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials was conducted. Studies published up to November 2019 were reviewed.ResultsThree tests were identified. Epi proLung® analyzes the hypermethylation status of SHOX2/PTGER4 genes in blood samples using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and showed good discrimination capacity with respect to healthy controls (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.91) and patients with non-malignant lung diseases (AUC = 0.86). The Epi proLung BL Reflex Assay® for determining the hypermethylation state of the SHOX2 gene in bronchoalveolar lavage samples by PCR had modest sensitivity (69%, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 64–75) and high specificity (96%, 95% CI: 97–100). A test in development for determining the hypermethylation state of BCAT1/CDO1/TRIM58/ZNF177 genes in aspirated or bronchoalveolar lavage samples by pyrosequencing yielded a sensitivity of 85 percent and a specificity of 81 percent, with an AUC of 0.91 at the optimal cutoff point.ConclusionsThe evidence for the three tests showed promising results in terms of diagnostic validity. However, although personalized medicine is becoming increasingly widespread in the field of cancer diagnosis, more studies are needed to evaluate the clinical utility of these diagnostic tests, either as a complementary or a screening test, and the economic impact of their use.

scholarly journals Detection of miR-155-5p and imaging lung cancer for early diagnosis: in vitro and in vivo study

2020 ◽  
Vol 146 (8) ◽  
pp. 1941-1951
Author(s):  
Hai-Zhen Zhu ◽  
Chun-Ju Fang ◽  
Yi Guo ◽  
Qi Zhang ◽  
Li-Min Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
In Vivo Study

scholarly journals Hypermethylation involved in DNA profiles of lung cancer specific tumour suppressor genes and epigenetic modification caused by an ultra-highly diluted homeopathic drug, Condurango 30C, in vitro and in vivo

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (47) ◽  
pp. 99-99
Author(s):  
Anisur Rahman Khuda-Bukhsh ◽  
Sourav Sidkar
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Epigenetic Modification ◽  
Tumour Suppressor ◽  
Tumour Suppressor Genes ◽  
Dna Hypermethylation ◽  
Suppressor Genes ◽  
Homeopathic Drug

Background and objectives: DNA hyper-methylation is an important aspect involved in carcinogenesis and cancer progression, which affects mainly CpG islands of DNA and causes inactivation of tumour suppressor genes. Therefore DNA hypermethylation status of the genomic DNA in both the transformed cancerous cell lines and in carcinogen-induced lung cancer was ascertained by analysis of expressions of certain major lung cancer specific tumour suppressor genes. The other objective was to examine if ultra highly diluted homeopathic drug, Condurango 30C, had ability to modulate DNA methylation. Methods: DNA methylation activity, if any, has been ascertained in H460-NSCLC cells in vitro and in BaP-induced lung cancer of rats in vivo, in respect of tumour suppressor genes like p15, p16, p18 and p53 by using PCR-SSCP analyses. The ability of modulation of DNA methylation, if any, by Condurango 30C was also verified against placebo control in a blinded manner. Results: Condurango 30C-treated DNA showed significant decrease in band-intensity of p15 and p53 genes especially in methylated condition, in vitro, at the IC50 dose (2.43µl/100µl). SSCP analysis of p15 and p53 genes in Condurango 30C-treated DNA also supported ability of Condurango 30C to modulate methylation state, in vitro. Inhibition of p15 hypermethylation was observed after post cancer treatment of rat with Condurango 30C. SSCP results gave a better indication of differences in band-position and single strand separation of p15 and p53 in Condurango 30C treated samples. Conclusion: Condurango 30C could trigger epigenetic modification in lung cancer via modulation of DNA hypermethylation but placebos could not.

An integrated screening method for evaluating the pulmonary toxicity of inhaled particulates: Role of microscopic techniques in assessing pulmonary macrophage clearance functions

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 826-827
Author(s):  
David B. Warheit ◽  
Lena Achinko ◽  
Mark A. Hartsky
Keyword(s):  
Bronchoalveolar Lavage ◽  
Pulmonary Toxicity ◽  
Screening Method ◽  
Pulmonary Response ◽  
Inhaled Particles ◽  
Cytochemical Analysis ◽  
Pulmonary Macrophages ◽  
Integrated Screening

There is a great need for the development of a rapid and reliable bioassay to evaluate the pulmonary toxicity of inhaled particles. A number of methods have been proposed, including lung clearance studies, bronchoalveolar lavage analysis, and in vitro cytotoxicity tests. These methods are often limited in scope inasmuch as they measure only one dimension of the pulmonary response to inhaled, instilled or incubated dusts. Accordingly, a comprehensive approach to lung toxicity studies has been developed.To validate the method, rats were exposed for 6 hours or 3 days to various concentrations of either aerosolized alpha quartz silica (Si) or carbonyl iron (CI) particles. Cells and fluids from groups of sham and dust-exposed animals were recovered by bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL). Alkaline phosphatase, LDH and protein values were measured in BAL fluids at several time points postexposure. Cells were counted and evaluated for viability, as well as differential and cytochemical analysis. In addition, pulmonary macrophages (PM) were cultured and studied for morphology, chemotaxis, and phagocytosis by scanning electron microscopy.

Role of 4-O Galloylchlorogenic Acid in Lung Cancer- An Insilico Approach

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaynthy C. ◽  
N. Premjanu ◽  
Abhinav Srivastava
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
In Silico ◽  
Computational Study ◽  
Regulation Mechanism ◽  
Down Regulation ◽  
Fruit Extract ◽  
In Vitro Techniques ◽  
Discovery Studio

Cancer is a major disease with millions of patients diagnosed each year with high mortality around the world. Various studies are still going on to study the further mechanisms and pathways of the cancer cell proliferation. Fucosylation is one of the most important oligosaccharide modifications involved in cancer and inflammation. In cancer development increased core fucosylation by FUT8 play an important role in cell proliferation. Down regulation of FUT8 expression may help cure lung cancer. Therefore the computational study based on the down regulation mechanism of FUT8 was mechanised. Sapota fruit extract, containing 4-Ogalloylchlorogenic acid was used as the inhibitor against FUT-8 as target and docking was performed using in-silico tool, Accelrys Discovery Studio. There were several conformations of the docked result, and conformation 1 showed 80% dock score between the ligand and the target. Further the amino acids of the inhibitor involved in docking were studied using another tool, Ligplot. Thus, in-silico analysis based on drug designing parameters shows that the fruit extract can be studied further using in-vitro techniques to know its pharmacokinetics.

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