The responses of lactating dairy cows to feeding of high molasses levels

1992 ◽  
Vol 1992 ◽  
pp. 109-109
Author(s):  
T. Yan ◽  
D. J. Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Fish Meal ◽  
Lactating Cows ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows ◽  
Complete Diet ◽  
Inclusion Rate ◽  
Soyabean Meal ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Very High

Molasses has been fed to dairy cows for about a century. Extensive studies have shown that its energy value is worth from 75 to 100% that of maize when up to 10% of molasses is fed in a complete diet and high molasses inclusion in the diet can be detrimental to the responses of the animals. Nevertheless, the maximum inclusion rate of molasses in a diet that cows can tolerate has still been unclear. Few publications are available to describle the responses of cows to very high molasses feeding. This is a question, however, that both farmers and advisers are concious of. The present experiment was designed to evaluate the effects on milk yield and composition, feed intake, liveweight gain and health of lactating cows fed on very high levels of molasses, in comparision with those fed a relatively low level.Fifteen British Friesian late lactation cows (168 ± 6 days calved) all in second lactation or more were randomly allocated to a 3 x 3 changeover experiment with 21 day periods. The cattle were fed individually through Broadbent Calan Gates ad libitum on a complete diet of silage plus a liquid supplement including molaferm 20 (a mixture of 80% cane molasses with 20% condensed molasses solubles supplied by United Molasses Ltd.), soyabean meal and fish meal.

Circadian variation in the apparent digetibility of diets measured at the terminal ileum in pigs

1980 ◽  
Vol 94 (2) ◽  
pp. 399-405 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. Livingstone ◽  
Barbara A. Baird ◽  
T. Atkinson ◽  
R. M. J. Crofts
Keyword(s):  
Feed Intake ◽  
Terminal Ileum ◽  
Fish Meal ◽  
Circadian Variation ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Latin Squares ◽  
Apparent Digestibility ◽  
Feeding Methods ◽  
Soyabean Meal ◽  
Ad Libitum

SummaryCircadian variation in the apparent digestibility of diets having different physical characteristics was measured in samples taken from the terminal ileum using simple cannulae and marker ratios. Six pigs were used in three latin squares involving three iso-nitrogenous diets (30 g N/kg D.M.). Diet A was based on barley, weatings, soyabean meal and fish meal, diet B included barley, weatings and oats and diet C was purified. The allocation of diet provided 100 g D.M./kg Weg0·75/24 h and in each latin square a different pattern of feed intake was used; diets were given at intervals of either 1 or 12 h, or ad libitum.Differences in the digestibility of the diets were consistently distinguished by the technique. The circadian variation in digestibility was related to the type of diet and could be modified by changing the number and distribution of feeds per day. The results show that an understanding of the variation associated with different diets and feeding methods is necessary for optimizing the strategy for sampling from the terminal ileum.

The effect of silage preference on the performance of dairy cows

1986 ◽  
Vol 1986 ◽  
pp. 7-7
Author(s):  
R.F. Heller ◽  
R.H. Phipps
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Free Choice ◽  
Young Stock ◽  
Grass Silage ◽  
Lactating Cows ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Present Trial

Numerous factors such as the digestibility value, fermentation characteristics and chop length of silage have all been shown to increase the intake and performance of dairy cows.Although the effect of silage preference has been examined with young stock and dry cows there has only been a limited number of studies involving lactating cows.The aim of the present trial was to determine the effect on intake and performance of lactating dairy cows offered either grass silage alone, a mixture of grass and maize silages blended in a ratio of 1:2 or a free choice of grass and maize silages.Thirty-three British Friesians in weeks 17-24 of lactation were used in the study. All animals received 6 kg/d of a concentrate supplement containing 190 g/kg DM of crude protein and 12.8 MJ ME/kg CM and allowed ad libitum access to the silages.

Effect of replacing soyabean meal with maize distillers grains on feed intake and milk yield of lactating dairy cows

2001 ◽  
Vol 2001 ◽  
pp. 181-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. H. Phipps ◽  
J. D. Sutton ◽  
A. K. Jones ◽  
J. G. Perrott ◽  
M. Witt
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Distillers Grains ◽  
Maize Silage ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows ◽  
Soyabean Meal ◽  
Metabolisable Energy

Maize distillers grains (MDG) is a high quality by-product feed containing 317 g crude protein (CP)/kg DM and 13.5 MJ metabolisable energy/kg DM, and as such is a valuable traceable feed resource. An earlier study conducted at the Centre for Dairy Research (Suttonet al.2000) with cows in late lactation using a total mixed ration (TMR) based on maize silage, compared the protein value of MDG with that of soyabean meal (SB). The study showed that MDG could be used to replace SB on a total nitrogen (TN) basis without effecting feed intake or nutrient digestion in the rumen, or flow of non-ammonia nitrogen to the duodenum. The aim of the current study was to determine the effect of replacing SB with MDG on a TN basis, on DM intake and milk production in high yielding lactating dairy cows.

scholarly journals Effect of Somatotropin on Thyroid Hormones and Cytokines in Lactating Dairy Cows During Ad Libitum and Restricted Feed Intake

2001 ◽  
Vol 84 (11) ◽  
pp. 2430-2439 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.V. Capuco ◽  
D.L. Wood ◽  
T.H. Elsasser ◽  
S. Kahl ◽  
R.A. Erdman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Hormones ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Restricted Feed Intake

Methane emissions and digestive physiology of non-lactating dairy cows fed pasture forage

2007 ◽  
Vol 87 (4) ◽  
pp. 601-613 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. S. Pinares-Patiño ◽  
G. C. Waghorn ◽  
A. Machmüller ◽  
B. Vlaming ◽  
G. Molano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Large Animal ◽  
Digestive Physiology ◽  
Kinetics Parameters ◽  
Lactating Cows ◽  
Voluntary Feed Intake ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows ◽  
Digestion Kinetics ◽  
Jersey Cows

The objective of this study was to identify intake and digestion characteristic(s) responsible for variation in methane (CH4) emissions from non-lactating cows fed pasture forage. Nine Friesian × Jersey cows ranked low, medium or high CH4 emitters [group means 15.3, 19.2 and 24.8 g kg-1 dry matter intake (DMI), respectively; P = 0.015] were selected from a herd of 302 lactating cows. The selected cows were dried-off, rumen-fistulated, and fed indoors on fresh pasture forage at 0700 and 1700. Voluntary feed intake (VFI), feeding behaviour and intake rates (IR) were measured over 5 d. Feed allowance was reduced to 90% of VFI for measurement of CH4 emissions and rumen fermentation and digestion kinetics parameters. Although some variation in CH4 yield remained among the animals (26.4 ± 3.6 g kg-1 DMI), the previous ranking of cows during lactation was no longer evident during this study (P = 0.41). The change in CH4 yields may have resulted from lower feed intakes of lower quality pasture compared with grazing. Regression analysis showed that absolute CH4 emission (g d-1) was best described by DMI and rumen acetate concentration (ACE) before the PM feeding (ACE 1700) (R2 = 0.88), whereas CH4 yield (g kg-1DMI) was mainly a function of ACE 1700 h alone (R2 = 0.84). We suggest that large animal-to-animal variations in CH4 yield are most likely associated with high intakes and concomitant effects of salivation and rumen digestion and passage. Key words: Methane, animal variation, feed intake, rumen digestion, dairy cows, pasture

The effect of fish meal and soyabean meal supplements on milk production of autumn calving cows given ad libitum access to ryegrass silage

1986 ◽  
Vol 1986 ◽  
pp. 9-9
Author(s):  
R C Rae ◽  
A J Golightly ◽  
D R Marshall ◽  
C Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Fish Meal ◽  
Protein Supplements ◽  
Grass Silage ◽  
Soyabean Meal ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Present Trial

When grass silage is available ad libitum, compound feeds depress the intake of silage by cattle. Castle and Watson (1976) and Gill and England (1984) reported that silage intake was not depressed when protein supplements rather than cereals were given to dairy and beef cattle, respectively. The aim of the present trial was to examine protein supplements as alternatives to cereal based compounds to increase the milk yield of dairy cows without reducing silage intake.

scholarly journals Effect of the Addition of Various Levels of Green Tea Grounds Silage at on the Feed Intake and Milk Production in Lactating Dairy Cows

2005 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 295-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bayaru ERUDEN ◽  
Takehiro NISHIDA ◽  
Hiroki MATSUYAMA ◽  
Kenji HOSODA ◽  
Shigeru SHIOYA
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Green Tea ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows

scholarly journals Evaluation of Precision Xceed® for on-site monitoring of blood ß-hydroxybutyric acid and glucose in dairy cows

2017 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 109 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. PANOUSIS (Ν. ΠΑΝΟΥΣΗΣ) ◽  
M. KRITSEPI (Μ. ΚΡΙΤΣΕΠΗ) ◽  
I. KARAGIANNIS (Ι. ΚΑΡΑΓΙΑΝΝΗΣ) ◽  
E. KALAITZAKIS (ΕΜ. ΚΑΛΑΪΤΖΑΚΗΣ) ◽  
E. LAFI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Laboratory Method ◽  
Hydroxybutyric Acid ◽  
Subclinical Ketosis ◽  
Lactating Cows ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows ◽  
Site Monitoring ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Positive Correlations

The aim of the study was to evaluate the usefulness of the Precision Xceed® hand-held meter as an on-site method for determining blood ß-hydroxyboutyric acid (BHBA) and glucose concentrations, for the diagnosis of subclinical ketosis in dry and lactating dairy cows. A total of 163 clinically healthy Holstein cows (113 lactating, 8-50 days-in-milk; and 50 dry, 10-40 days pre-partum) from 5 farms located around Thessaloniki region, were blood-sampled once, from the jugular vein of each animal, 5 to 8 hours after the start of morning feeding. BHBA was determined in all 163 cows, whereas glucose only in 114 cows (50 dry and 64 lactating cows). These analyses were performed, for each cow, by both laboratory method (in serum) and Precision Xceed® meter (in whole blood, cowside). Using laboratory serum BHBA concentrations > 1.2 mmol/L as the cut-off point, 11/163 (6.7%) of the tested cows were considered as subclinically ketotic, whereas raising the cut-off to > 1.4 mmol/L, 9/163 (5.5%) cows had subclinical ketosis. All these cows (11 and 9, respectively) were lactating. None of the dry cows had subclinical ketosis at BHBA cut-off of > 1.4 mmol/L. One out of the 50 dry cows (2%) and 15/113 (13.3%) lactating cows sampled were classified as subclinically ketotic when the Precision Xceed® meter was set at BHBA concentrations > 1.2 mmol/L. Overall, mean BHBA and glucose concentrations were not statistically different (P>0.05) between the two methods. Significant positive correlations were found for BHBA (strong correlation: r=0.99; n=163; P<0.01) and glucose (moderate correlation: r=0.63; n=114; P<0.01) concentrations between Precision Xceed® and laboratory results. Precision Xceed® is less accurate for measuring glucose (glucometer) compared to BHBA (ketometer). The low percentage of false positive (<0.6%) and false negative (<4%) indicating that the Precision Xceed® meter is an accurate screening test and its results are highly reliable under field conditions. Precision Xceed® meter was highly sensitive (90.9%) and specific (96.05%) at cut off point of BHBA concentrations > 1.2 mmol/L and it had excellent test agreement for detection of subclinical ketosis when using a threshold of blood BHBA > 1.4 mmol/L.

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