The Wild Horse (Equus prjevalskii, Poliakoff)

1904 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 460-468
Author(s):  
J. C. Ewart
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Central Asia ◽  
State Of Nature ◽  
Wild Horse

In the time of Pallas and Pennant, as in the days of Oppian and Pliny, it was commonly believed true wild horses were to be met with not only in Central Asia, but also in Europe and Africa. But ere the middle of the nineteenth century was reached, naturalists were beginning to question the existence of genuine wild horses; and somewhat later, the conclusion was arrived at that the horse had long “ceased to exist in a state of nature.”

British Secret Service Activity in Khorassan, 1887–1908

1984 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 657-675
Author(s):  
L. P. Morris
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Central Asia ◽  
Great Powers ◽  
Secret Service ◽  
Service Activity ◽  
Great Game

When great powers quarrel their lesser neighbours are often worst affected. Cajoled and wooed, they are drawn into conflicts they would prefer to avoid. Such involvement may exacerbate internal weaknesses and end by damaging them long after the causes of the original dispute have faded. Nineteenth-century Iran became drawn into Anglo-Russian rivalries in Central Asia as each sought to secure her assistance. Spectators of the so-called ‘Great Game’ were not allowed: the boxes were part of the field of play.

Central Asia: West and East

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOHN BOARDMAN
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Central Asia ◽  
British India ◽  
Asian Studies ◽  
The West ◽  
Central Asian ◽  
History Of

This chapter discusses the interest of the west in the history of Central Asia. It explains that central Asia has been studied by many western scholars and explorers, including British archaeologist Aurel Stein and traveller Sir John de Maundeville. Central Asia figured prominently in the days of political concerns about the safety of British India in the nineteenth century and this generated the interest of scholars. Today, the boom in Central Asian studies is further encouraged by the presence in Britain of those who have worked in this field and the source of many new publications on both prehistoric and historic periods.

Introduction

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
James Pickett
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Central Asia ◽  
Social Group ◽  
The State ◽  
High Culture ◽  
Independent Source ◽  
Military Elite ◽  
Influential Individuals ◽  
Forms Of Knowledge

This introductory chapter provides an overview of the Islamic scholars of Bukhara during the long nineteenth century. Islamic scholars were among the most influential individuals in their society, and that power rested on their mastery of diverse forms of knowledge rather than birthright. Instead of imagining those varied competencies and practices as embodied by separate professions, this book conceptualizes them as distinct practices and disciplines mastered by a single milieu. Instead of imagining stratified castes of “ulama” as against “sufis” as against “poets,” there is a unified social group of multitalented polymaths selectively performing sharia, asceticism, and poetry as circumstances dictated. These polymaths of Islam were the custodians of the only form of institutionalized high culture on offer in Central Asia. Their authoritative command over many different forms of knowledge — from medicine to law to epistolography and beyond — allowed them to accumulate substantial power and to establish enduring family dynasties. The Turkic military elite relied on these scholars to administer the state, but the ulama possessed an independent source of authority rooted in learning, which created tension between these two elite groups with profound ramifications for the region's history.

Some Notes on Himalayan Mapping

1975 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 795-797
Author(s):  
Allen G. Noble ◽  
Richard Palmieri
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Central Asia ◽  
Human Ecology ◽  
Full Attention ◽  
Mountain System ◽  
Lop Nor ◽  
The Himalaya

The Himalaya, the southern frontier of Central Asia, has been for centuries a geographic enigma akin to the headwaters of the Nile and the wanderings of the Lop Nor. The earlier problems of location and elevation were solved, for the most part, by the pioneering efforts of the Surveyor General of India and the Survey of India, conducted since the mid-nineteenth century. Unfortunately, virtually all of the maps produced by the Surveyor General of India are officially restricted and thus normally not available. Far from satisfying our curiosity of the Himalaya, the Surveyor General and the Survey generated a host of questions regarding the population, cultures, and human ecology of that mountain system. These questions have attracted the full attention of numerous scholars representing many disciplines. Among geographers interested in the Himalaya, the cartographic work of Professor Pradyumna P. Karan is well known.

Main Trends of Islamic Theological Thought from the Late Nineteenth Century to Present Times

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rotraud Wielandt
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Central Asia ◽  
Arab Countries ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Islamic Theology ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
Theological Thought ◽  
Islamic Modernism

This chapter examines the main trends of Islamic theological thought from the late nineteenth century to the present times, tracing developments in various Arab countries, in Turkey, Iran and India, Central Asia and Indonesia. It begins by tackling the question of the relation between indigenous roots and modern Western stimuli, tradition and innovation in Islamic theology during this period. Subsequently the author discussed the innovative trends. An overview of the theological ideas of the pioneers of Islamic modernism, the Indian Sayyid Ahmad Khan and the Egyptian Muḥammad ʿAbduh, is given, followed by an analysis of the views of modernist theological thinkers of the early twentieth century. Next the theology of the Indian philosopher and poet Muhammad Iqbal, an eminent example of theological modernism between the two world wars, is addressed. Another section deals with new hermeneutical and epistemological approaches to the Qurʾānic revelation. Finally the development of the interest in a new kind of philosophy-basedkalāmis delineated from their beginnings with Sayyid Ahmad Khan up to their present-day Iranian, Turkish and Arab protagonists.

The Labor of Capitalism

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sven Beckert
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Central Asia ◽  
Labor History ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cotton Production ◽  
The People ◽  
Global Age ◽  
State Coercion ◽  
Labor Regimes

This chapter begins by discussing the concept transnational labor history and the challenge it poses to labor historians. It then examines the worldwide crisis of cotton production touched off by the American Civil War, emancipation, and the subsequent frantic search for alternatives, including coolie and sharecropping labor systems. It shows that despite the variety of labor regimes, cotton cultivators everywhere faced essentially similar challenges of labor in the global age: market fluctuations, state coercion, inescapable debt and contract regimes, and political marginalization. These were the people who would grow ever-larger amounts of cotton, from India to Central Asia, from Egypt to the United States, and the new labor regimes in which they found themselves symbolized one of the most significant changes of the nineteenth century.

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