Pesticide Accidents in Relation to Weather Conditions

1980 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 219-222
Author(s):  
Don Fred ◽  
Edwin Kessler
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Pressure Gradient ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Slight Tendency ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Large Pressure ◽  
Large Pressure Gradient ◽  
Weak Wind

Research has shown that it is inadvisable to spray crops during either near-absolute calms or very windy conditions; therefore, we studied weather maps and reports of herbicide accidents to investigate the hypothesis that the strong positive correlation between largescale pressure gradient and wind-speed can be used to facilitate prediction of favourable spraying times in Oklahoma. We gave detailed study to the conditions of 10 May 1977, the date in that year when the most herbicide accidents were reported. Although a relatively large pressure gradient existed, there was only weak wind at the KTVY meteorologically instrumented tower (150 km distant from the area of the accidents). We also searched for a strong relationship between herbicide accidents and the pressure gradient through tabulations of daily gradients and accident reports. Only a slight tendency is shown for accidents to occur on days with larger gradients. Research and significant findings for this study were hampered by a lack of specificity and detail in accident reports.

scholarly journals Factors associated with maintenance of human Q fever in Vojvodina, Serbia

2018 ◽  
Vol 75 (10) ◽  
pp. 998-1008
Author(s):  
Mioljub Ristic ◽  
Mirjana Strbac ◽  
Sara Savic ◽  
Gorana Dragovac ◽  
Svetlana Ilic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Q Fever ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Outbreak Response ◽  
Average Wind Speed ◽  
Strong Negative Correlation ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics

Background/Aim. Q fever occurs worldwide and can be found in humans as well as in domestic mammals. The aim of this study was to describe the epidemiological characteristics of Q fever and evaluate correlation between the Q fever occurrence and weather conditions. Methods. We conducted a descriptive epidemiological study using data of the Institute of Public Health of Vojvodina, Scientific Veterinary Institute, Novi Sad, and the Republic Hydrometeorological Service of Serbia, from 2006 to 2015. Results. Out of 272 human Q fever cases, 114 (41.9%) patients were aged between 20 and 39 years. Between January and May, a total of 193 (71.0%) cases of disease were registered. In the Central Banat and South Banat, a strong positive correlation between an increase in Q fever detection and an increase of average wind speed (?= 0.69719 and ?=0.62303, respectively) was observed, while a strong negative correlation was determined between the average rainfall with the number of Q fever cases in the Central Banat, the South Banat and Srem district (? = -0.78033, ? = -0.70675 and ? = -0.70431, respectively). During a 10-year period, a strong positive correlation was found between the human Q fever cases compared to the number of cattle and sheep Q cases in the Srem district (r = 0.7989 and r = 0.7966, respectively). Direct contact with domestic animals was the most frequent route of Q fever transmission in Vojvodina. Conclusion. The timely sharing of information between the animal and human health sectors as well as between neighbouring countries is crucial for an appropriate and an early outbreak response, especially during windy and dry months of the year. Additionally, it is essential that people who are exposed to a risk of infection must be permanently educated about reducing the risk of transmission of infection.

scholarly journals Correlation between weather conditions and COVID-19 pandemic in the southeast area of Iran

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Najmeh Parvaz ◽  
Fatemeh Amin ◽  
Ali Esmaeili Nadimi ◽  
Hadi Eslami
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Average Wind Speed ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Affective Factors ◽  
Average Temperature ◽  
Average Wind ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has influenced the live of all people around the world. This study analyzed the relationship between the weather elements (daily temperature, wind speed and humidity) and daily active, recovered and dead cases of covid-19 in Rafsanjan, in the southeast area of Iran. Covid-19 data and meteorological variables were obtained from 29 February 2020 to 20 March 2021 (386 days) from Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences and Meteorological Organization of Iran, respectively. The results showed that there is a significant inverse association between daily average temperature with the number of daily active cases (r: -0.293, p<0.01), recovered cases (r: -0.301, p<0.01) and dead cases (r: -0.198, p<0.01). With decreasing the average wind speed, the number of daily active cases (r: -0.224, p<0.01), recovered cases (r: -0.232, p<0.01) and dead cases has been increased. A nonsignificant positive correlation between daily humidity average and daily active cases (r:0.033, p=0.518) and recovered cases (r:0.044, p=0.390), and significant positive correlation with the number of daily dead cases (r: 0.254, p<0.01) was observed. Therefore, temperature and wind speed can be considered as affective factors in COVID-19 as an auxiliary solution.

Occlusion pressures vs. micropipette pressures in the pulmonary circulation

1989 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 1277-1285 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. S. Hakim ◽  
S. Kelly
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Gradient ◽  
Autologous Blood ◽  
Lower Lobe ◽  
Venous Occlusion ◽  
Pulmonary Capillary ◽  
Large Pressure ◽  
Catheterization Technique ◽  
Large Pressure Gradient ◽  
Occlusion Technique ◽  
Arteries And Veins

Because of the discrepancies between the arterial and venous occlusion technique and the micropuncture technique in estimating pulmonary capillary pressure gradient, we compared measurements made with the two techniques in the same preparations (isolated left lower lobe of dog lung). In addition, we also obtained direct and reliable measurements of pressures in 0.9-mm arteries and veins using a retrograde catheterization technique, as well as a microvascular pressure made with the double-occlusion technique. The following conclusions were made from dog lobes perfused with autologous blood at normal flow rate of 500–600 ml/min and pressure gradient of 12 mmHg. 1) The double-occlusion technique measures pressure in the capillaries, 2) a small pressure gradient (0.5 mmHg) exists between 30- to 50-micron arteries and veins, 3) a large pressure gradient occurs in arteries and veins greater than 0.9 mm, 4) the arterial and venous occlusion techniques measure pressures in vessels that are less than 900 microns diam but greater than 50 microns, very likely close to 100 microns, 5) serotonin constricts arteries (larger and smaller than 0.9 mm) whereas histamine constricts veins (larger and smaller than 0.9 mm). Thus three different techniques (small retrograde catheter, arterial and venous occlusion, and micropuncture) show consistent results, confirming the presence of significant resistance in large arteries and veins with minimal resistance in the microcirculation.

Cavitation Bubble Collapse Observations in a Venturi

1966 ◽  
Vol 88 (3) ◽  
pp. 649-657 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. D. Ivany ◽  
F. G. Hammitt ◽  
T. M. Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Gradient ◽  
Cavitation Bubble ◽  
Small Bubble ◽  
Bubble Collapse ◽  
Cavitating Flows ◽  
Spherical Bubble ◽  
Slowing Down ◽  
Large Pressure ◽  
Large Pressure Gradient ◽  
The Asymmetry

Bubbles collapsing in water in a cavitating venturi are photographically observed. The large pressure gradient in the venturi causes the bubbles to collapse by flattening in the direction of flow. In many cases a torus is formed, implying the existence of a central jet which, as has been suggested by other investigators, may well be the primary damaging mechanism in cavitating flows. The effect of adjacent bubbles upon each other is visually observed. Numerous bubble rebounds, even in relatively degassed water, are noted. A comparison of observed collapse rates with incompressible theory for a spherical bubble indicates that the slowing down of collapse herein observed at small bubble radii probably results primarily from the asymmetry of the collapse and perhaps also from metastable compression of vapor within the bubble.

scholarly journals Nonlinear Simulation of Collapse Phenomenon in Helical Plasma with a Large Pressure Gradient

2008 ◽  
Vol 3 (0) ◽  
pp. S1034-S1034
Author(s):  
Naoki MIZUGUCHI ◽  
Yasuhiro SUZUKI ◽  
Nobuyoshi OHYABU
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Gradient ◽  
Nonlinear Simulation ◽  
Large Pressure ◽  
Large Pressure Gradient
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