Mechanism for radiation damage in borosilicate glasses

1991 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 1128-1129
Author(s):  
S.D. Dascomb ◽  
D.G. Howitt
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Phase Separation ◽  
Radiation Damage ◽  
Bubble Formation ◽  
Borosilicate Glasses ◽  
Phase Decomposition ◽  
Damage Rate ◽  
Oxygen Bubble ◽  
Gamma Irradiated

Oxygen bubble formation has been observed in sodasilicate glasses during irradiation. Although the irradiation always produces a consistent microstructure of oxygen microbubbles and an amorphous phase decomposition, there is a substantial difference between the rate at which the damage occurs. When a sample has been previously gamma irradiated, the damage occurs at much greater rates when compared to in situ irradiation in the electron microscope. It has been suggested that it is not the radiation damage rate that is responsible for this behavior but rather the presence of an electric fieldFigure 1 illustrates the microstructure found in a sodasilicate glasses showing the characteristic bubble formation on the perimeter of the area illuminated by the beam and the phase separation within the interior.

Radiation Effects in Nuclear Waste Glasses

1981 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. F. Denatale ◽  
D. K. Mcelfresh ◽  
D. G. Howitt
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Damage ◽  
Nuclear Waste ◽  
Radiation Effects ◽  
Bubble Formation ◽  
Waste Glass ◽  
Phase Decomposition ◽  
Saturated Water ◽  
Oxygen Bubble ◽  
Nuclear Waste Glass

ABSTRACTThe radiation damage of a nuclear waste glass is shown to be associated with enhanced phase decomposition, oxygen bubble formation, and, when the glass is exposed to air saturated water, enhanced leaching.

Direct observations of radiation-enhanced transformations in glass

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 354-355
Author(s):  
J. F. DeNatale ◽  
D. G. Howitt
Keyword(s):  
Glass Matrix ◽  
Diffusion Mechanism ◽  
Bubble Formation ◽  
Silicate Glasses ◽  
Phase Decomposition ◽  
Direct Observations ◽  
Thin Foils ◽  
Oxygen Bubble ◽  
Electron Energy Loss ◽  
Kinetics Of

The electron irradiation of silicate glasses containing metal cations produces various types of phase separation and decomposition which includes oxygen bubble formation at intermediate temperatures figure I. The kinetics of bubble formation are too rapid to be accounted for by oxygen diffusion but the behavior is consistent with a cation diffusion mechanism if the amount of oxygen in the bubble is not significantly different from that in the same volume of silicate glass. The formation of oxygen bubbles is often accompanied by precipitation of crystalline phases and/or amorphous phase decomposition in the regions between the bubbles and the detection of differences in oxygen concentration between the bubble and matrix by electron energy loss spectroscopy cannot be discerned (figure 2) even when the bubble occupies the majority of the foil depth.The oxygen bubbles are stable, even in the thin foils, months after irradiation and if van der Waals behavior of the interior gas is assumed an oxygen pressure of about 4000 atmospheres must be sustained for a 100 bubble if the surface tension with the glass matrix is to balance against it at intermediate temperatures.

scholarly journals In-situ electron microscope observations and analysis of radiation damage in tungsten

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (S3) ◽  
pp. 117-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoou Yi ◽  
Michael L Jenkins ◽  
Marquis A Kirk ◽  
Steven G Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Radiation Damage

Electron Radiation Damage in Cu(In,Ga)Se2 analysed in-situ by Cathodoluminescence in a Transmission Electron Microscope

2005 ◽  
Vol 865 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanne Scheel ◽  
Gerhard Frank ◽  
Niels Ott ◽  
Wolfram Witte ◽  
Horst P. Strunk
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscope ◽  
Defect Formation ◽  
Luminescence Spectra ◽  
Electron Dose ◽  
Voltage Range ◽  
Damage Rate ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Damage Process

AbstractWe have equipped our transmission electron microscope (accelerating voltage up to 300 kV) with a cathodoluminescence (CL) system that covers a wavelength range of 180 — 1800 nm and temperatures from 10 K upwards. This contribution shows how this system can be utilized to study the initial damage process due to electron irradiation in Cu(In,Ga)Se2 thin solar films. This damage leads essentially to atomic defects that cannot structurally be imaged in the transmission electron microscope, but influence the luminescence spectra. We analyse in-situ the spectral evolutions with electron dose of Cu(In1-xGax)Se2 with [Ga]/([Ga]+[In]) ratio x ranging from x=0 to x=1 and interpret the defect formation kinetics with a first model. The obtained results indicate that the films with equal Ga and In concentration are the least radiation sensitive. The voltage dependence of the damage rate indicates that the damage arises essentially due to displacement by electron knock-on (in the voltage range 150 — 300 kV).

Exploring Photothermal Pathways via in Situ Laser Heating in the Transmission Electron Microscope: Recrystallization, Grain Growth, Phase Separation, and Dewetting in Ag0.5Ni0.5 Thin Films

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 647-656 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yueying Wu ◽  
Chenze Liu ◽  
Thomas M. Moore ◽  
Gregory A. Magel ◽  
David A. Garfinkel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Phase Separation ◽  
Grain Growth ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscope ◽  
Growth Phase ◽  
Continuous Wave ◽  
Optical Power ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Transmission Electron

AbstractA new optical delivery system has been developed for the (scanning) transmission electron microscope. Here we describe the in situ and “rapid ex situ” photothermal heating modality of the system, which delivers >200 mW of optical power from a fiber-coupled laser diode to a 3.7 μm radius spot on the sample. Selected thermal pathways can be accessed via judicious choices of the laser power, pulse width, number of pulses, and radial position. The long optical working distance mitigates any charging artifacts and tremendous thermal stability is observed in both pulsed and continuous wave conditions, notably, no drift correction is applied in any experiment. To demonstrate the optical delivery system’s capability, we explore the recrystallization, grain growth, phase separation, and solid state dewetting of a Ag0.5Ni0.5 film. Finally, we demonstrate that the structural and chemical aspects of the resulting dewetted films was assessed.

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