Morphologic alterations in bacteroides fragilis following single and combinant beta-lactam exposure

1986 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 304-305
Author(s):  
Michael P. Goheen ◽  
Charles E. Edmiston
Keyword(s):  
Bacteroides Fragilis ◽  
Synergistic Activity ◽  
Beta Lactam ◽  
Clinical Strains ◽  
Drug Activity ◽  
Obligate Anaerobic ◽  
Morphologic Changes

The synergistic activity of antimicrobial combinants against aerobic and facultative microorganisms has been well documented. in comparison, few studies have been performed using obligate anaerobic isolates and antimicrobial combinants. For this study clinical strains of Bacteroides fragilis(BF) were selected to investigate both single/combinant drug activity and cellular morphologic changes when BF is exposed to Imipenem (I), Piperacillin (P), Cefpimizole (C), Imipenem/Piperacillin (I+P), and Imipenem/Cefpimizole (I+C).

Potency and preclinical evidence of synergy of oral azole drugs and miltefosine in an ex vivo model of Leishmania (Viannia) panamensis infection

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga Lucía Fernández ◽  
Mariana Rosales-Chilama ◽  
Natali Quintero ◽  
Bruno L. Travi ◽  
Dawn M. Wetzel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Strategy ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Synergistic Activity ◽  
Ex Vivo Model ◽  
Clinical Strains ◽  
Frequent Use ◽  
Drug Concentrations ◽  
Resistant Lines ◽  
Potential Synergy ◽  
Sensitive Line

Failure of treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis with antimonial drugs and miltefosine is frequent. Use of oral combination therapy represents an attractive strategy to increase efficacy of treatment and reduce the risk of drug resistance. We evaluated the potency of posaconazole, itraconazole, voriconazole and fluconazole, and the potential synergy of those demonstrating the highest potency, in combination with miltefosine (HePC), against infection with Leishmania (Viannia) panamensis . Synergistic activity was determined by isobolograms and calculation of Fractional Inhibitory Concentration Index (FICI), based on parasite quantification using an ex vivo model of human PBMCs infected with a luciferase-transfected, antimony and miltefosine sensitive line of L. panamensis . The drug combination and concentrations that displayed synergy were then evaluated for anti-leishmanial effect in 10 clinical strains of L. panamensis by qRT-PCR of Leishmania 7SLRNA. High potency was substantiated for posaconazole and itraconazole against sensitive as well as HePC and antimony resistant lines of L. panamensis , whereas fluconazole and voriconazole displayed low potency. HePC combined with posaconazole (Poz) demonstrated evidence of synergy at free drug concentrations achieved in plasma during treatment (2 μM HePC + 4 μM Poz). FICI, based on 70% and 90% reduction of infection, was 0.5 for the sensitive line. Combination of 2 μM HePC + 4 μM Poz effected significantly greater reduction of infection by clinical strains of L. panamensis than individual drugs. Orally administrable miltefosine/posaconazole combinations demonstrated synergistic anti-leishmanial capacity ex vivo against L. panamensis , supporting their potential as a novel therapeutic strategy to improve efficacy, and effectiveness of treatment.

scholarly journals R-plasmid mediated transfer of .BETA.-lactam resistance in Bacteroides fragilis.

1990 ◽  
Vol 43 (10) ◽  
pp. 1302-1306 ◽  
Author(s):  
KAZUKIYO YAMAOKA ◽  
KUNITOMO WATANABE ◽  
YOSHINORI MUTO ◽  
NAOKI KATOH ◽  
KAZUE UENO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacteroides Fragilis ◽  
Beta Lactam

scholarly journals Exploring the Potential of CRISPR-Cas9 Under Challenging Conditions: Facing High-Copy Plasmids and Counteracting Beta-Lactam Resistance in Clinical Strains of Enterobacteriaceae

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thaysa Leite Tagliaferri ◽  
Natália Rocha Guimarães ◽  
Marcella de Paula Martins Pereira ◽  
Liza Figueiredo Felicori Vilela ◽  
Hans-Peter Horz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beta Lactam ◽  
Clinical Strains

Morphologic changes produced by amdinocillin alone and in combination with beta-lactam antibiotics: In vitro and in vivo

1983 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 30-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Kramer ◽  
Yolanda R. Mauriz ◽  
Maria D. Timmes ◽  
Tamara L. Robertson ◽  
Roy Cleeland
Keyword(s):  
Beta Lactam ◽  
Beta Lactam Antibiotics ◽  
Morphologic Changes

scholarly journals Evaluation of the presence of AmpC (FOX) beta-lactamase gene in clinical strains of Escherichia coli isolated from hospitalized patients in Tabriz, Iran

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 301-304
Author(s):  
Zahra SADEGHI DEYLAMDEH ◽  
Abolfazl JAFARI SALES
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
Disk Diffusion ◽  
Beta Lactamase ◽  
Beta Lactam ◽  
Beta Lactamases ◽  
Clinical Strains ◽  
Beta Lactam Antibiotics ◽  
Lactamase Gene

Beta-lactamases are the most common cause of bacterial resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics. AmpC-type beta-lactamases hydrolyze cephalosporins, penicillins, and cephamycins. Therefore, the study aims was to determine antibiotic resistance and to investigate the presence of AmpC beta-lactamase gene in clinical strains of Escherichia coli isolated from hospitalized patients in Tabriz. In this cross-sectional descriptive study, 289 E. coli specimens were collected from clinical specimens. Disk diffusion method and combined disk method were used to determine the phenotype of extended spectrum β-Lactamase producing (ESBLs) strains. Then PCR was used to evaluate the presence of AmpC (FOX) beta-lactamase gene in the strains confirmed in phenotypic tests. Antibiotic resistance was also determined using disk diffusion by the Kibry-Bauer method. A total of 121 isolates were identified as generators of beta-lactamase genes. 72 (59.5 %) isolates producing ESBL and 49 (40.5 %) isolates were identified as AmpC generators. In the PCR test, 31 isolates contained the FOX gene. The highest resistance was related to the antibiotics amoxicillin (76.12%), ceftazidime (70.24%) and nalidixic acid (65.05%). The results indicate an increase in the prevalence of beta-lactamase genes and increased resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics, which can be the result of improper use of antibiotics and not using antibiotic susceptibility tests before starting treatment. Also, using phenotypic and molecular diagnostic methods such as PCR together can be very useful.

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