Hemp Dogbane (Apocynum cannabinum) Control in Corn (Zea mays) with Selective Postemergence Herbicides

1998 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 631-637 ◽  
Author(s):  
Corey V. Ransom ◽  
James J. Kells
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Herbicide Application ◽  
Time Of Application ◽  
Postemergence Herbicides ◽  
Shoot Emergence

Field studies were conducted from 1994 to 1996 in Michigan to evaluate postemergence (POST) herbicides for hemp dogbane control in corn. Studies were initiated at no-tillage and chisel-plowed sites each of the three years. Nicosulfuron and primisulfuron were evaluated alone and in combination with 2,4-D amine or dicamba. In 1995 and 1996, CGA-152005 plus primisulfuron was also applied alone and in combination with 2,4-D or dicamba. Control varied among years and sites. Nicosulfuron, primisulfuron, and CGA-152005 plus primisulfuron applied alone controlled 30% of the hemp dogbane, and dicamba or 2,4-D alone controlled 42 and 66%, respectively. Tank mixtures of nicosulfuron, primisulfuron, or CGA-152005 plus primisulfuron with dicamba were more effective and more consistent than dicamba alone. Combinations of nicosulfuron, primisulfuron, or CGA-152005 plus primisulfuron with 2,4-D gave the most effective and consistent control across sites, with an average of 93% control. In general, treatments controlled only shoots that had emerged at the time of application. New shoots emerged following herbicide application at the chisel-tillage sites in 1994 and 1995 but not at the no-tillage sites. However, in 1996, shoot emergence following treatment occurred in both no-tillage and chisel-tillage sites.

Effect of pH, Nitrogen, and Tillage on Weed Control and Corn (Zea mays) Yield

Weed Science ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 719-722 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. J. Kells ◽  
R. L. Blevins ◽  
C. E. Rieck ◽  
W. M. Muir
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Corn Yield ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Linear Effect ◽  
Surface Soil Ph

Field studies were conducted to determine the effect of soil surface (upper 5 cm) pH and tillage on weed control and corn (Zea maysL.) yield using simazine [2-chloro-4,6-bis-(ethylamino)-s-triazine] as the herbicide for weed control. Soil pH, weed control, and corn yield were examined under no-tillage and conventional tillage systems with and without added lime and different rates of nitrogen. Increased soil pH significantly increased weed control as compared with added lime vs. no added lime, where the surface soil pH influenced the effectiveness of the applied simazine. Soil pH had a greater effect on weed control under no-tillage than under conventional tillage. Conventional tillage significantly (P<.01) increased weed control, yield, and soil pH over no-tillage. Additions of lime as compared to unlimed treatments resulted in significantly increased weed control (83% vs. 63%), yield (5,930 vs. 5,290 kg/ha) and soil pH (5.91 vs. 5.22). The poorest weed control was observed with no-tillage on unlimed plots. A significant tillage by linear effect of nitrogen interaction for all variables resulted from a greater decrease (P<.01) in weed control and soil pH and a greater increase in yield with increased nitrogen under no-tillage than with conventional tillage.

Common Lambsquarters (Chenopodium album) Control in Corn (Zea mays) with Postemergence Herbicides and Cultivation

1995 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 728-735 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J. Parks ◽  
William S. Curran ◽  
Gregory W. Roth ◽  
Nathan L. Hartwig ◽  
Dennis D. Calvin
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Chenopodium Album ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Alternative Control ◽  
Common Lambsquarters ◽  
Postemergence Herbicides ◽  
Weed Emergence ◽  
Low Rate

Greenhouse studies assessed the susceptibility of three common lambsquarters biotypes to foliar-applied bromoxynil, dicamba, and thifensulfuron. Field studies evaluated the effectiveness of the same herbicides in conjunction with atrazine and row cultivation for the control of common lambsquarters in corn. In the field, bromoxynil was applied at 140, 280, and 420 g/ha, dicamba at 140, 280, and 560 g/ha, and thifensulfuron at 2, 3, and 4 g/ha. In the greenhouse, bromoxynil and thifensulfuron reduced common lambsquarters growth by at least 55%, while dicamba reduced growth 45% or less. Two of the three biotypes were resistant to atrazine. In the field, weed control was up to 70% better in cultivated plots than in noncultivated plots. Cultivation sometimes promoted additional weed emergence, but later emerging weeds rarely reached reproductive maturity. Atrazine improved the level of weed control only if triazine-susceptible weeds were present. The lowest rates of bromoxynil and dicamba (140 g/ha) controlled common lambsquarters 85% or greater even without cultivation, whereas control with the low rate of thifensulfuron (2 g/ha) was acceptable (greater than 85%) 8 wk after planting only in combination with cultivation. Combinations of reduced herbicide rates and mechanical cultivation provided effective, alternative control strategies for both triazine-resistant and susceptible common lambsquarters.

Effect of Incorporation Methods and Time of Application on the Performance of Trifluralin Plus Metribuzin

Weed Science ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. L. Barrentine ◽  
O. B. Wooten ◽  
J. R. Williford
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Subsurface Layer ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Herbicide Application ◽  
Time Of Application ◽  
Crop Injury ◽  
Herbicide Mixture

Disk harrowing, spring tooth harrowing, and bed conditioning, alone or followed by bedding the rows, were evaluated in field studies to determine their efficacy to soil incorporate trifluralin (α,α,α-trifluoro-2,6-dinitro-N,N-dipropyl-p-toluidine) plus metribuzin [4-amino-6-tert-butyl-3-(methylthio)-as-triazine-5 (4H)-one] in soybeans [Glycine max(L.) Merr.]. Effects of the time interval between herbicide application and soybean planting were also evaluated. Effective weed control and adequate crop selectivity were obtained from all incorporation methods except those followed by bedding. Bedding occasionally reduced weed control and soybean stands as compared to incorporation without bedding. Excessive crop injury resulted from the application of a band of the herbicide mixture as a subsurface layer. The herbicide mixture was applied up to 6 weeks before soybean planting without adversely affecting crop or weed selectivity when incorporated with the spring tooth harrow without bedding.

Control of Volunteer Corn and Giant Foxtail in Soybeans

Weed Science ◽  
1976 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 253-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert N. Andersen
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Glycine Max ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Optimum Time ◽  
Time Of Application ◽  
Setaria Faberi ◽  
Greenhouse Study ◽  
Giant Foxtail ◽  
Over The Top

In field studies, HOE 22870 [4-(4′-chlorophenoxy)-phenoxy-α-propionic-isobutylester] and HOE 23408 methyl 2-[4-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)phenoxy] propanoate at 0.84 to 3.36 kg/ha were sprayed over the top of soybeans [Glycine max(L.) Merr.], corn (Zea maysL.), and giant foxtail (Setaria faberiHerrm.). Rates of 0.84 or 1.68 kg/ha of either herbicide controlled corn and giant foxtail. Soybeans tolerated 3.36 kg/ha (the highest rate used) of either herbicide. Both herbicides performed quite similarly, but HOE 22870 was generally more effective on giant foxtail and less effective on corn than was HOE 23408. The optimum time of application, in terms of soybean development, was the first trifoliolate stage. At this stage, corn had four to five leaves and giant foxtail had three to five leaves. HOE 23408 was applied to 32 inbred lines of corn in a greenhouse study. Several inbreds had considerable tolerance. When HOE 23408 at 0.56 kg/ha was applied to these 32 inbreds in a field study, control ranged from 100% for the most susceptible inbred to 22% for the most resistant inbred. At 1.12 kg/ha, control of corn ranged from 100% to 42%.

Effect of Soil pH and Tillage on Persistence of Simazine

Weed Science ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. H. Slack ◽  
R. L. Blevins ◽  
C. E. Rieck
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Avena Sativa ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Low Ph ◽  
No Tillage

Field studies on the persistence of simazine [2-chloro-4,6-bis(ethylamino)-s-triazine] showed less persistence under no-tillage corn(Zea maysL. ‘Pioneer 3369A’) culture than conventionally tilled corn. Bioassay studies conducted in the greenhouse using oats(Avena sativaL. ‘Compact’) as indicator crop showed the lowest level of simazine remaining in soils of low pH (5.4 and lower). Persistence of simazine in the soil increased with increasing soil pH.

Differential Control of Four Amaranthus Species by Six Postemergence Herbicides in Soybean (Glycine max)

1995 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher M. Mayo ◽  
Michael J. Horak ◽  
Dallas E. Peterson ◽  
John E. Boyer
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Field Experiment ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Palmer Amaranth ◽  
Common Waterhemp ◽  
Time Of Application ◽  
Greenhouse Experiments ◽  
Redroot Pigweed ◽  
Differential Control ◽  
Postemergence Herbicides

Acifluorfen, lactofen, chlorimuron, thifensulfuron, imazethapyr, and imazaquin were evaluated for control of Palmer amaranth, common waterhemp, redroot pigweed, and tumble pigweed at three application timings in field and greenhouse experiments. Results from field studies indicated that most herbicides provided greater than 90% control of common waterhemp, redroot pigweed, and tumble pigweed regardless of time of application. Palmer amaranth was the most difficult species to control, and only thifensulfuron and imazethapyr provided greater than 80% control at all application timings. In the greenhouse experiment, herbicides were applied when pigweeds averaged 10 cm, 20 cm, and 30 cm in height. Results were similar to the field experiment, except that common waterhemp was more difficult to control.

Soybeans (Glycine max) as a Rescue Crop Following Cyanazine and Procyazine Application

Weed Science ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 263-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. E. Brewer ◽  
F. W. Slife
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Glycine Max ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Herbicide Application ◽  
Visible Injury

Field studies were conducted in 1975 and 1976 at Urbana, Illinois, to evaluate soybeans [Glycine max(L.) Merr. ‘Amsoy 71′] as a potential rescue crop following the use of cyanazine{2-[[4-chloro-6-(ethylamino)-s-triazin-2-yl] amino]-2-methylpropionitrile} and procyazine {2-[[4-chloro-6-(cyclopropylamino)-1,3,5-triazine-2-yl] amino]-2-methylpropanenitrile} with corn (Zea maysL.). Preplant incorporated and preemergence applications of each herbicide were made at the recommended broadcast rates to Dana and Flanagan silt loams. Corn was removed and soybeans were planted 7, 13, and 21 days (1975) or 10, 15, and 23 days (1976) following herbicide application. Visual injury ratings, stands, and yields for soybeans were determined. In spite of varying degrees of visible injury and stand reductions, yields were not reduced significantly when soybeans were planted 3 weeks after cyanazine or procyazine application.

Residual Effect of 2,4-D on Whole-Stalk– and Billet-Planted Sugarcane

2004 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 304-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan D. Siebert ◽  
James L. Griffin ◽  
Curtis A. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Foliar Application ◽  
Residual Effect ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
First Year ◽  
Herbicide Application ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Planting Methods ◽  
Sugarcane Yield ◽  
Shoot Emergence ◽  
Planting System

Field studies conducted for two growing seasons evaluated the effect of 2,4-D applied at 1.6 kg ai/ha to ‘LCP 85-384’ sugarcane 7, 5, 3, and 1 wk before planting (WBP). Sugarcane was planted in mid September using both whole stalks and billet (45 cm) stem sections. When 2,4-D was applied 5 wk or closer to planting, sugarcane shoot emergence and population averaged across planting methods and years were reduced up to 28 wk after planting (WAP) relative to the nontreated control. By 52 WAP, sugarcane had compensated and stalk population was equivalent among treatments. Sugarcane height in response to 2,4-D varied between years, and only in 2001 at 52 WAP was a height reduction observed when 2,4-D was applied 1, 3, or 5 WBP. Crop injury in 2001 was further reflected in reduced sugarcane yield (at least 11%) and sugar yield (at least 12%) more than 1 yr after 2,4-D had been applied 5 wk or closer to harvest of sugarcane for seed. Sugarcane and sugar yields were equivalent for the nontreated control and the 7 WBP 2,4-D treatment in 2001, but 2,4-D application in 2002 did not negatively affect yield. Even though sugarcane shoot populations across the growing seasons were consistently higher for the billet planting system, yields averaged across 2,4-D application timings were greater for billets (18%) compared with whole stalks only for the first year. Because 2,4-D can have a residual effect on sugarcane yield more than 1 yr after the initial foliar application, a 7-wk period should be allowed between herbicide application and harvest of LCP 85-384 for billet or whole-stalk planting.

Reduced Rates of Postemergence Herbicides for Weed Control in Sweet Corn (Zea mays)

1993 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 995-1000 ◽  
Author(s):  
John O'Sullivan ◽  
William J. Bouw
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Annual Grass ◽  
Experiment Station ◽  
Postemergence Herbicides

The efficacy of reduced rates of POST herbicides for weed control in sweet corn was evaluated over a three-year period in field studies conducted at the Horticultural Experiment Station, Simcoe, Ontario. POST applications of metolachlor/cyanazine, cyanazine/atrazine and metolachlor/atrazine at 1/2X and 1/4X of labelled rates controlled broadleaf weeds comparable to that of standard labelled rates. Control exceeded 94% each year. Annual grass control was reduced with below-label rates, especially for cyanazine/atrazine and metolachlor/atrazine. A 1/2X application of nicosulfuron/rimsulfuron, following the 1/4X rate of cyanazine/atrazine, significantly improved grass control, compared to cyanazine/atrazine applied alone. Below-label rates did not result in decreased sweet corn yields.

Purple and Yellow Nutsedge (Cyperus rotundusandC. esculentus) Response to Postemergence Herbicides in Cotton

2008 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 615-621 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian C. Burke ◽  
Shawn C. Troxler ◽  
John W. Wilcut ◽  
W. David Smith
Keyword(s):  
Herbicide Application ◽  
Percent Reduction ◽  
Purple Nutsedge ◽  
Time Of Application ◽  
Yellow Nutsedge ◽  
Postemergence Herbicides

Greenhouse studies were conducted to evaluate the nature of the cotton postemergence (POST) herbicides followed by (fb) MSMA postemergence-directed (LAYBY) for foliar and tuber reduction of yellow and purple nutsedge when applied to nutsedge at two different application timings. Trifloxysulfuron at 4 and 6 g ai/ha fb MSMA LAYBY reduced 10- to 15- and 20- to 30-cm purple and yellow nutsedge root and shoot dry weights by at least 56%. However, the effect of weed size at the time of application was significant for trifloxysulfuron at 6 g/ha for percent root and shoot reductions in yellow nutsedge and percent root reduction in purple nutsedge. Significance of herbicide rate was only observed for percent shoot and root reduction of 10- to 15-cm yellow nutsedge. Trifloxysulfuron treatments reduced purple and yellow nutsedge shoot and root dry weights equivalent to treatments involving glyphosate POST fb MSMA LAYBY. MSMA at 1,120 and 2,240 g/ha and glufosinate POST fb MSMA LAYBY were effective for reducing purple and yellow nutsedge shoot dry weights, although percent reduction was influenced by nutsedge height at herbicide application. Treatments involving pyrithiobac POST fb MSMA LAYBY slightly increased 10- to 15-cm yellow nutsedge root dry weights. MSMA at either rate produced additive responses when included in tank mixtures with trifloxysulfuron at either rate or pyrithiobac POST fb MSMA LAYBY in yellow nutsedge. Other tank mixes or sequential combinations did not cause additive or synergistic responses.

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