scholarly journals The Politics of Culture and the Culture of Politics: Examining the Role of Politics and Diplomacy in Cultural Property Disputes

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 357-383
Author(s):  
Maria Shehade ◽  
Kalliopi Fouseki

Abstract:This article constitutes the first systematic attempt to synthesize the role of politics as an affecting dynamic during the negotiation of cultural property disputes. The article limits its scope to disputes concerning the ownership of cultural artifacts between states and museums settled through negotiation and to the subsequent claims for the return of the contested objects. The discussion focuses on four ways in which the negotiation process is affected when states act as claimants, including the discourse and argumentation used, the available means to pressure the other party to negotiate, the possible political interventions, and the international political scene and its effect on the development of the dispute. Through the examination of multiple case studies, it is argued that in such disputes, several elements related to the role of politics are at interplay affecting the evolution of the negotiation process. Finally, it is also argued that the role of politics as an affecting dynamic during the negotiation process is multi-dimensional, consisting of many different interrelated dynamics that can potentially alter the course of the process.

2017 ◽  
Vol 56 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 385-397 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angappa Gunasekaran ◽  
Yahaya Y. Yusuf ◽  
Ezekiel O. Adeleye ◽  
Thanos Papadopoulos

Author(s):  
TELMO JOSE MAGALHÃES DA SILVA ◽  
PEDRO LUCAS DE RESENDE MELO ◽  
KAREN ESTEVES ◽  
GIANCARLO GOMES

ABSTRACT Purpose: The objective of this research is to understand the actions undertaken by Franchisee Associations (FAs). We aimed to: 1. identify the role played by FAs regarding their relationship with franchisors; 2. understand conflict procedures alongside with franchisors (by means of FAs); and 3. identify FA's abilities to play a relevant governance role in franchisee-franchisor relationships. Originality/gap/relevance/implications: This research complements the researches of Dandridge and Falbe (1994), Cochet and Ehrmann (2007), Lawrence and Kaufmann (2010, 2012), bringing up other perspectives regarding practices in managing relationships, and governance methods proposed by the FA, which are aspects not deeply analyzed in other FA studies. Key methodological aspects: Qualitative research with multiple case studies involving data triangulation. The sample of this study comprised the franchise chain Skill Idiomas, and the interviews involved four Directors, six Franchisees and the Skill franchisor Executive. Summary of key results: There is a strong sense of trust only among some of the network members, as well as a partial cooperation among them. With reference to the governance, one may point out that the rules and the penalties that compose their policies are well known and applied. The influence of the leaders that form the association's board of directors and the voting process in FAs is a determining factor for the resolution of conflicts. Key considerations/conclusions: The lack of trust represented by the other part of the association board and the franchisees indicate that most part of the involved actors does not trust the network of the association. The influence of leaders that compose the membership of the Board was a determining factor in conflict resolution. The way of governance exercised by the FA is applied for all members when rules are infringed.


Author(s):  
Amaya Erro-Garcés ◽  
Giedrius Čyras

Purpose – this article presents empirical evidence of the creation of clusters of value that emerge when creativity, innovation, and entrepreneurship are developed together. These clusters contribute to welfare creation and, to the reduction of youth unemployment. Research methodology – this paper aims to conduct an exploratory qualitative research study through multiple case studies. Findings – findings show the relevance of emotions in social initiatives, the role of teams and experts that recognizes innovations, the relevance of stakeholders wealth to motivate employees and the importance of linking the day-to-day challenges to local apprenticeship programs, as creativity is closely related to these daily lives and everyday concerns. Research limitations – this research paper has some limitations because multiple cases studies not allow for generalizations. An extension of this study encompassing a greater number of case studies could confirm findings. Practical implications – this article describes the role of future entrepreneurs and can be applied in the identification of entrepreneurs’ skills and characteristics. Originality/Value – it is related to how to support entrepreneurs, taking into account the role of key actors, their teams, their local situation, and their intentions. Emotions were essential in the cases presented, and, even more, for the professionals that joined the initiatives


Libri ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Célio Santana ◽  
Amanda Nunes ◽  
Fabio Silva

Abstract This paper presents the participation of bots in the process of disinformation in the Brazilian political/electoral scenario between 2014 and 2018. The justification for this research was the growth of ideological polarization and the emergence of hate speech linked to political positioning that culminated in a massive campaign of disinformation, evidenced by fake news and other forms of manipulation. In this research multiple case studies were used referring to three moments: the 2014 elections, the 2016 impeachment and the 2018 election. We found studies investigating these events, and they were used as data sources for analysis of the conjuncture and the interpretation of these facts in a chronological perspective pointed toward the role of bots and the results of such actions. It has been observed that the use of bots has occurred since 2014; however, they were only engaged in propagating false content from 2015. The automation of the messages was sophisticated between 2014 and 2018, when bots ceased to be players who replicated posts indiscriminately (spam) to become users’ catalysts with the intention of creating or expanding new bubbles of disinformation. Finally, we observed that the same botnet active in Brazil was also involved in electoral processes around the world, making Brazil simply one more piece in this grand network of disinformation where who is involved and what their purpose might be is not known.


2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 4632
Author(s):  
Varun Gupta ◽  
Luis Rubalcaba

Context: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic led to a turbulent business environment, resulting in market uncertainties, frustrations, and rumors. Wrongly held beliefs—or myths—can hinder startups from turning new market opportunities into their favor (for example, by failing at diversification decisions) or undertaking wrong business decisions, e.g., diversifying in industries that have products of no real market value). Objectives: The objective of the paper is to identify the beliefs that drive the business decisions of startups in a pandemic and to isolate those beliefs that are merely myths. Further, this paper proposes strategic guidelines in the form of a framework to help startups make sound decisions that can lead to market success. Method: The two-step research method involved multiple case studies with five startups based in India, France, Italy, and Switzerland, to identify perceptual beliefs that drove strategic business decisions, followed by a case study of 36 COVID-19-solution focused startups, funded by the European Union (EU). The findings were validated through a survey that involved 102 entrepreneurs. The comparative analysis of two multiple case studies helped identify beliefs that were merely “myths”; myths that drove irrational strategic decisions, resulting in business failures. Results: The results indicate that startups make decisions in pandemic situations that are driven by seven myths, pertaining to human, intellectual, and financial resources. The decision on whether to diversify or continue in the same business operation can be divided into four strategic options of the Competency-Industry Relatedness (C-IR) framework: ignore, delay, phase-in, and diversify. Diversification in the same (or different industry) is less risky for startups if they have the skills, as needed, to diversify in related industries. Diversification in related industries helps startups leverage their experiences and learning curves (those associated with existing product lines) to adapt their existing products in new markets, or utilize their technologies to solve new problems via new products. The desired outcome for these startups should be sustainable business growth—to meet sustainability goals by contributing to the society and the economy. Conclusion: The C-IR framework is a strategic guide for startups to make business decisions based on internal factors, rather than myths. Accurately assessing skill diversity and the nature of new industries (or markets) will help startups leverage their existing resources optimally, without the need for (pricey) external funding. This will foster sustained business growth resulting in a nation economic development. Knowledge transfer from the Innovation ecosystem will further strengthen the C-IR framework effectiveness.


Author(s):  
Tom Yoon ◽  
Bong-Keun Jeong

Using a multiple case studies and surveys, this article finds that factors essential to successful Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) implementations include establishing effective SOA governance, establishing SOA registries, starting with a small project, collaboration between business and IT units, strengthening trust among business units, and training. This article also explores business and IT motivations for SOA implementation and the benefits realized from this implementation. The findings from this article can provide a guidance for practitioners on the successful implementation of SOA.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huseyin Unlu ◽  
Ali Gorkem Yalcin ◽  
Dilek Ozturk ◽  
Guliz Akkaya ◽  
Mert Kalecik ◽  
...  

2017 ◽  
Vol 06 (02) ◽  
pp. 1740005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Shoji ◽  
H. Fuke ◽  
K. Hamada ◽  
I. Iijima ◽  
C. Ikeda ◽  
...  

Stratospheric balloons have been used worldwide for more than half a century for various scientific missions. However such balloon operations are facing safety issues due to the reduction in appropriate sites for landing. Instead of landing on the ground, landing and recovering on the sea can be a radical solution to this problem. Marine search-and-recovery operations for balloons are not conducted commonly; however, such the operation has been uniquely developed in Japan for more than 40 years. This study describes the methodology for such search-and-recovery of balloons and gondolas through examination of multiple case studies.


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