Attachment security in children with autism

1994 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 249-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Capps ◽  
Marian Sigman ◽  
Peter Mundy
Keyword(s):  
Joint Attention ◽  
Attachment Security ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Receptive Language ◽  
Reciprocal Relationship ◽  
Emotional Understanding ◽  
Autistic Children ◽  
Social Emotional ◽  
Strange Situation ◽  
Pathological Development

AbstractNineteen autistic children were examined in a modified version of Ainsworth's Strange Situation. The attachment security of 15 children could be classified. Each of these children displayed disorganized attachment patterns, but almost half (40%) of them were subclassified as securely attached. To assess the validity of the attachment classifications, children and their mothers were observed in a separate interaction. Mothers of children who were subclassified as securely attached displayed greater sensitivity than mothers of children who were subclassified as insecurely attached. Children who were subclassified as securely attached more frequently initiated social interaction with their mothers than did children who were subclassified as insecurely attached. Children with secure and insecure subclassifications were compared to investigate correlations between attachment organization and representational ability and social-emotional understanding. Although children with underlying secure attachments were no more likely to initiate joint attention, they were more responsive to bids for joint attention, made requests more frequently, and demonstrated greater receptive language ability than children subclassified as insecurely attached. Discussion focuses on dynamics that may contribute to individual differences in the attachment organization of autistic children and on the reciprocal relationship between advances in our understanding of normal and pathological development.

Joint attention and social-emotional approach behavior in children with autism

1995 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Mundy
Keyword(s):  
Joint Attention ◽  
Social Information Processing ◽  
Skill Development ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Social Emotional ◽  
Approach Behavior ◽  
The Social ◽  
Affective Processes ◽  
Approach Behaviors ◽  
Emotional Approach

AbstractAutism is a development disorder that is characterized by a significant disturbance of social development. Research strongly suggests that this disorder results from neurological anomalies or deficits. However, both the specific neural systems involved in autism, and the most pertinent behavioral functions of those systems remains unclear. One current topic of debate concerns the degree to which the social disturbance of autism may result from developmental anomalies in neurological systems that subserve cognitive, or affective processes. In this paper a model of the neurological, cognitive, and affective processes involved in the pathogenesis of autism will be described in the context of an attempt to understand dissociations in the early social-skill development of these children. Young children with autism are better able to use social-communication gestures to request objects or events than they are able to use similar gesture simply to initiate joint or socially shared attention relative to an object or event. An integration of recent research suggests that joint attention skill development differs from requesting skill development with regard to affective and cognitive processes that may be associated with frontal and midbrain neurological systems. In particular, this integration of the literature suggests the following: (a) there is a specific neurological subsystem that regulates and promotes what are called social-emotional approach behaviors; (b) the tendency to initiate joint attention bids is prototypical of a social-emotional approach behavior; and (c) attenuation of social-approach behaviors in children with autism leads to a specific impoverishment of social information processing opportunities. This impoverishment has a lifelong negative effect on the social cognitive development of these children.

Emotional and adrenocortical regulation in early adolescence

2014 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 142-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gottfried Spangler ◽  
Peter Zimmermann
Keyword(s):  
Early Adolescence ◽  
Emotional Regulation ◽  
Attachment Security ◽  
Computer Game ◽  
Social Regulation ◽  
Social Emotional ◽  
Strange Situation ◽  
Infant Attachment ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Attachment Disorganization

The aim of the present study was to examine differences in emotion expression and emotion regulation in emotion-eliciting situations in early adolescence from a bio-psycho-social perspective, specifically investigating the influence of early mother-infant attachment and attachment disorganization on behavioural and adrenocortical responses. The sample consisted of 96 children of the Regensburg Longitudinal Study IV. At age 12 months, attachment security and disorganization were assessed in the Strange Situation. At age 12 years, the adolescents were observed together with their mother during a computer game (eliciting anger) and the “Talk Show Task” (eliciting fear). Analyses included self-ratings and mother-ratings of the adolescents’ emotions (anger and fear), observations of the adolescents’ emotional expression and emotional regulation (social regulation, effective regulation) as well as concurrent maternal emotional support. In addition, adrenocortical activity was assessed from saliva samples before and after observation. The findings revealed different patterns of social-emotional responses depending on early attachment security. Adolescents with secure infant attachment reported more anger, when anger was induced, were rated as less anxious by their mothers, and their emotion self-ratings were more similar to their mothers’ ratings compared to adolescents with an early insecure attachment. An increased adrenocortical response was only found in the group of adolescents with attachment disorganization in infancy, especially with increased fear.

scholarly journals Implementation of Mobile Robots Approach for Autistic Children Media Therapy

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2.3) ◽  
pp. 95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anip Febtriko ◽  
Tri Rahayuningsih ◽  
S Sukri ◽  
Haris Tri Saputra
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Robot ◽  
Mobile Robots ◽  
Play Therapy ◽  
Neural Development ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Reciprocal Relationship ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Fine Motor ◽  
Autistic Children

Autism is neural development disorder which complex and is characterized by difficulties in social interaction, communication, emotion and limited behaviour, repetitive and stereotyped characters. The development of people with autism experienced a very significant increase. Autistic fine motoric development of children with autism is done through the hands by using tools or creative media such as brushes, pencils, paper, scissors, clay, plastisin, foam, and others. One way to improve fine motor in autistic children is to play mobile robot therapy. Mobile robots media is an activity to control and regulate the movement of the robot that involves and requires coordination between the eyes, hands, and concentration. It is necessary to approach and use mobile robot in the effectiveness of play therapy in children with autism. Mobile robot as a medium that becomes a play therapy tool with mobile robot capability that can move and move from one place to another by following the pattern of lines that have been designed. The main purpose of this research is to design creativity according to the level of complexity of mobile robot use for children with autism. Besides the use of mobile robot as a medium of play therapy there is also analysis in research using Pre experimental design. Population in the sampling amounted to 20 children. Autistic children who become samples aged between 6 years to 12 years in Special School Kids Pekanbaru. Data collection to study the fine motor of autistic children, collected data analysed by descriptive analysis and Rank Wilcoxon test. The result of the research is a reciprocal relationship which means there is a difference of reciprocal relationship before and after the approach of using mobile robot in play therapy to improve fine motor in autistic children.  

Joint attention, developmental level, and symptom presentation in autism

1994 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 389-401 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Mundy ◽  
Marian Sigman ◽  
Connie Kasari
Keyword(s):  
Joint Attention ◽  
Normal Development ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Developmental Level ◽  
Symptom Presentation ◽  
Autistic Children ◽  
Developmental Models ◽  
Mental Age ◽  
Attention Skills ◽  
Skill Deficits

AbstractRecent data suggest that a disturbance in the development of joint attention skills is a specific characteristic of young autistic children. This observation may have both theoretical and clinical significance. However, many pertinent issues remain to be addressed with regard to the parameters of joint attention disturbance in children with autism. This study attempted to address several of these issues. The study examines the effects of mental age and IQ on the joint attention skills of children with autism, mental retardation, and normal development. The study also examined the relation of joint attention behaviors to the parent's report of symptoms presented by children with autism. The results suggested that, differences in IQ and mental age may be related to differences in the type of joint attention skill deficits displayed by children with autism. The results also suggested that joint attention disturbance is associated with a circumscribed, but social cluster of symptoms observed among young autistic children by their parents. The implications of these findings for developmental models of autism are discussed.

Teaching receptive language to children with autism: A selective overview.

2004 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 378-385 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lillian V. Pelios ◽  
Amy Sucharzewski
Keyword(s):  
Children With Autism ◽  
Receptive Language

STRATEGI KOPING ORANG TUA TERHADAP ANAK AUTIS DAN POLA ASUH ORANG TUA

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 196-204
Author(s):  
Asirotul Ma’rifah ◽  
Naning Puji Suryantini Suryantini ◽  
Rina Mardiyana
Keyword(s):  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Adaptive Coping ◽  
Autistic Children ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Authoritarian Parenting ◽  
Cross Tabulation ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Autism is still a nightmare for most parents. Parents with autism can be very stressful when dealing with a hyperactive child's behavior, aggressive and passive. Stress experienced by parents of children with autism will affect the ability of parents in the parenting role, especially in relation to coping strategies have in dealing with problems of children. The participation of parents is crucial the success of socializing with children with autism in the general population. This study aims to determine the relationship of coping strategies parents of autistic children and parenting parents. This type of research is an analytic correlation with cross sectional approach. The population in this study were all parents of autistic children in SLB Muhammadiyah Mojokerto numbering 15 people. Samples in this study were all parents of autistic children in SLB Muhammadiyah Mojokerto which totaled 15 people by using total sampling technique. Collecting data using questionnaires. Data analized use cross tabulation, presented in a frequency distribution. On cross-tabulation obtained results tend to use maladaptive coping strategies permissive parenting that is 8 (53.3%), there are also respondents who use adaptive coping strategies using authoritarian parenting as much as one person (16.7%), and adaptive coping strategies tend using democratic parenting style as much as 5 people (33.3%). Expected parents still seeking information to broaden their parents on coping strategies of parents of autistic children and parenting parents as well as parents to give special attention for children with autism to the development and advancement of their lives because they have the same rights as any other normal child.

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