scholarly journals Childhood adversity, externalizing behavior, and substance use in adolescence: Mediating effects of anterior cingulate cortex activation during inhibitory errors

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (04) ◽  
pp. 1439-1450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole M. Fava ◽  
Elisa M. Trucco ◽  
Meghan E. Martz ◽  
Lora M. Cope ◽  
Jennifer M. Jester ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Problem Behavior ◽  
Anterior Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Inhibitory Control ◽  
Externalizing Behavior ◽  
Childhood Adversity ◽  
Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Late Adolescence ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Early Adolescent

AbstractChildhood adversity can negatively impact development across various domains, including physical and mental health. Adverse childhood experiences have been linked to aggression and substance use; however, developmental pathways to explain these associations are not well characterized. Understanding early precursors to later problem behavior and substance use can inform preventive interventions. The aim of the current study was to examine neurobiological pathways through which childhood adversity may lead to early adolescent problem behavior and substance use in late adolescence by testing two prospective models. Our first model found that early adolescent externalizing behavior mediates the association between childhood adversity and alcohol, cigarette, and marijuana use in late adolescence. Our second model found that activation in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) during an inhibitory control task mediates the association between childhood adversity and early adolescent externalizing behavior, with lower ACC activation associated with higher levels of adversity and more externalizing behavior. Together these findings indicate that the path to substance use in late adolescence from childhood adversity may operate through lower functioning in the ACC related to inhibitory control and externalizing behavior. Early life stressors should be considered an integral component in the etiology and prevention of early and problematic substance use.

scholarly journals Childhood trauma moderates inhibitory control and anterior cingulate cortex activation during stress

NeuroImage ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 185 ◽  
pp. 111-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zu Wei Zhai ◽  
Sarah W. Yip ◽  
Cheryl M. Lacadie ◽  
Rajita Sinha ◽  
Linda C. Mayes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anterior Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Childhood Trauma ◽  
Inhibitory Control ◽  
Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Anterior Cingulate

scholarly journals Anterior Cingulate Cortex Signals the Need to Control Intrusive Thoughts During Motivated Forgetting

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maité Crespo García ◽  
Yulin Wang ◽  
Mojun Jiang ◽  
Michael Anderson ◽  
Xu Lei
Keyword(s):  
Anterior Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Inhibitory Control ◽  
Effective Connectivity ◽  
Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Blood Oxygen Level Dependent ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Reactive Control ◽  
Dorsal Anterior Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Dynamic Interactions ◽  
Hippocampal Activity

How do people limit awareness of unwanted memories? Evidence suggests that when unwelcome memories intrude, a retrieval stopping process engages the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (rDLPFC; Michael C. Anderson et al., 2004) to inhibit hippocampal activity (Benoit & Anderson, 2012; Benoit, Hulbert, Huddleston, & Anderson, 2015; Gagnepain, Hulbert, & Anderson, 2017) and disrupt retrieval. It remains unknown how and when the need to engage prefrontal control is detected, and whether control operates proactively to prevent an unwelcome memory from being retrieved, or must respond reactively, to counteract its intrusion. We hypothesized that dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) achieves this function by detecting signals indicating that an unwanted trace is emerging in awareness, and transmitting the need for inhibitory control to right DLPFC (Alexander & Brown, 2011; Botvinick, Braver, Barch, Carter, & Cohen, 2001). During a memory suppression task, we measured trial-by-trial variations in dACC's theta power and N2 amplitude, two electroencephalographic (EEG) markers of the need for enhanced control (Cavanagh & Frank, 2014). With simultaneous EEG-fMRI recordings, we tracked dynamic interactions between the dACC, rDLPFC and hippocampus during suppression. EEG analyses revealed a clear role of dACC in detecting the need for memory control, and in upregulating prefrontal inhibition. Importantly, we identified dACC contributions before episodic retrieval could have occurred (500 ms) and afterwards, indicating distinct proactive and reactive control signalling. Stronger proactive control by the dACC led to reduced hippocampal activity and diminished overall blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) signal in dACC and rDLPFC, suggesting that pre-empting retrieval early reduced overall control demands. However, when dACC activity followed the likely onset of recollection, retrieval was cancelled reactively: effective connectivity analyses revealed robust communication from dACC to rDLPFC and from rDLPFC to hippocampus, tied to successful forgetting. Together, our findings support a model in which dACC detects the emergence of unwanted content, triggering top-down inhibitory control, and in which rDLPFC countermands intruding thoughts that penetrate awareness.

scholarly journals Cortical thickness of the insula and prefrontal cortex relates to externalizing behavior: Cross-sectional and prospective findings

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Michal Tanzer ◽  
Mélodie Derome ◽  
Larisa Morosan ◽  
George Salaminios ◽  
Martin Debbané
Keyword(s):  
Anterior Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Cortical Thickness ◽  
Externalizing Behavior ◽  
Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Male Adolescents ◽  
Structure Morphology ◽  
Age Range

Abstract Externalizing behaviors (EBs) pertain to a diverse set of aggressive, antisocial, and potentially destructive behaviors directed toward the external environment. They range from nonclinical to clinical in severity, associated with opposition, aggression, hyperactivity, or impulsivity, and are considered a risk factor for the emergence of psychopathology later in adulthood. Focusing on community adolescents (N = 102; 49 female and 53 male adolescents; age range 12–19 years), this study aimed to explore the relations between EBs and the cortical thickness of regions of interest as well as to identify possible risk markers that could improve understanding of the EB construct. Using a mixed cross-sectional and prospective design (1-year follow-up), we report specific associations with cortical thickness of the left insular, right orbitofrontal, and left anterior cingulate cortex. Specifically, thinner left insular and right orbitofrontal cortex was associated with higher EBs, and thinner left anterior cingulate cortex predicted less reduction in EBs 1 year later. In addition, further examination of the aggression and rule-breaking subscales of the Youth/Adult Self-Report, used to assess EBs, revealed specific associations with insular subregions. Findings suggest that cortical structure morphology may significantly relate to the expression and maintenance of EBs within the general population of adolescents.

scholarly journals Developing Functional Network Connectivity of the Dorsal Anterior Cingulate Cortex Mediates Externalizing Psychopathology in Adolescents with Child Neglect

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarita Silveira ◽  
Simone Boney ◽  
Susan F. Tapert ◽  
Jyoti Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Anterior Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Child Neglect ◽  
Childhood Adversity ◽  
Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Dorsal Anterior Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Functional Brain ◽  
Externalizing Psychopathology ◽  
Increased Risk

AbstractChildhood adversity in form of child abuse and neglect is associated with elevated risk for psychopathologies. We investigated whether development of functional brain networks important for executive function (EF) could serve as potential mediators of this association. We analyzed data of 475 adolescents, a subsample of the multisite longitudinal NCANDA (National Consortium on Alcohol and Neurodevelopment in Adolescence) cohort with completed measures of childhood trauma, resting-state functional brain connectivity data, and internalizing/externalizing psychopathological syndrome data at baseline and follow-up years 1-4. Using parallel process latent growth models, we found that childhood adversity was associated with increased risk for externalizing/internalizing behaviors. We specifically investigated whether functional connectivity of the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) to brain regions within the cingulo-opercular (CO) network, a well-known EF network that underlies control of attention and self-regulation, mediates the association between adversity and psychopathological behaviors. We found that childhood adversity, specifically neglect was negatively associated with functional connectivity of the dACC within the CO network, and that this connectivity mediated the association between child neglect and externalizing behaviors. Our study advances a mechanistic understanding of how childhood adversity may impact the development of psychopathology, highlighting the relevance of dACC functional networks particularly for externalizing psychopathology.

scholarly journals Sex differences in distributed error-related neural activation in binge drinking young adults

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jillian E Hardee ◽  
Alexander Samuel Weigard ◽  
Mary Heitzeg ◽  
Meghan E. Martz ◽  
Lora M. Cope
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Cognitive Control ◽  
Binge Drinking ◽  
Anterior Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Neural Activation ◽  
Summary Measure

Detecting and responding to errors is central to goal-directed behavior and cognitive control, which are thought to be supported by a network of structures that includes the anterior cingulate cortex and anterior insula. Notable sex differences in the maturational timing of cognitive control neural systems create differential periods of vulnerability for psychiatric conditions, such as substance use disorders, between males and females. Here we examined sex differences in error-related activation across an array of distributed brain regions during a go/no-go task in a sample of binge drinking college students. Regions of interest previously linked to error-related activation, including the anterior cingulate cortex, insula, and frontoparietal structures, were selected in a term-based meta-analysis and individual differences in their activation were indexed using a multivariate summary measure. Males exhibited significantly higher levels of this multivariate summary measure than females. Males also reported significantly greater substance use; however, substance use did not significantly predict neural activation in a linear regression analysis. These findings suggest that males have more marked responses to errors across a network of regions linked to performance monitoring and cognitive control.

scholarly journals Aberrant Functional Connectivity between Reward and Inhibitory Control Networks in Pre-Adolescent Binge Eating Disorder

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stuart B. Murray ◽  
Celina Alba ◽  
Christina J. Duval ◽  
Jason M. Nagata ◽  
Ryan P. Cabeen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Binge Eating ◽  
Anterior Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Inhibitory Control ◽  
Binge Eating Disorder ◽  
Orbitofrontal Cortex ◽  
Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Control Networks

AbstractBackgroundBehavioral features of binge eating disorder (BED) suggest abnormalities in reward and inhibitory control. Studies of adult populations suggest functional abnormalities in reward and inhibitory control networks. Despite behavioral markers often developing in children, the neurobiology of pediatric BED remains unstudied.Methods58 pre-adolescent children (aged 9-10-years) with BED and 66 age, BMI and developmentally-matched control children were extracted from the 3.0 baseline (Year 0) release of the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study. We investigated group differences in resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) functional connectivity (FC) within and between reward and inhibitory control networks. A seed-based approach was employed to assess nodes in the reward (orbitofrontal cortex, nucleus accumbens, amygdala) and inhibitory control (dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, anterior cingulate cortex) networks via hypothesis-driven seed-to- seed analyses, and secondary seed-to-voxel analyses.ResultsOur findings revealed reduced FC between the dlPFC and amygdala, and between the anterior cingulate cortex and orbitofrontal cortex in pre-adolescent children with BED, relative to age, gender, BMI and developmentally matched controls. These findings indicating aberrant connectivity between nodes of inhibitory control and reward networks were corroborated by the whole-brain FC analyses.ConclusionsEarly-onset BED may be characterized by diffuse abnormalities in the functional synergy between reward and cognitive control networks, without perturbations within reward and inhibitory control networks, respectively. The decreased capacity to regulate a reward-driven pursuit of hedonic foods, which is characteristic of BED, may in part, rest on this dysconnectivity between reward and inhibitory control networks.

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