scholarly journals Bird faunas of the humid montane forests of Mesoamerica: biogeographic patterns and priorities for conservation

1995 ◽  
Vol 5 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 251-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Blanca E. Hernández-Baños ◽  
A. Townsend Peterson ◽  
Adolfo G. Navarro-Sigüenza ◽  
B. Patricia Escalante-Pliego
Keyword(s):  
Costa Rica ◽  
Los Tuxtlas ◽  
Conservation Action ◽  
Montane Forests ◽  
Sierra Madre Occidental ◽  
Biogeographic Patterns ◽  
Sierra Madre ◽  
Habitat Islands ◽  
Sierra Madre Del Sur ◽  
Isthmus Of Tehuantepec

SummaryThe distribution of 335 species of birds in 33 islands of humid montane forest in Mesoamerica is summarized, and patterns of distribution, diversity and endemism are analysed.The montane forests of Costa Rica and western Panama far exceed other habitat islands considered for species-richness, richness of species endemic to Mesoamerica, and richness of species ecologically restricted to humid montane forests. Other regions, such as the Sierra Madre del Sur of Guerrero and Oaxaca, the Los Tuxtlas region of southern Veracruz and the mountains of Chiapas and Guatemala, also hold rich and endemic avifaunas. Based on patterns of similarity of avifaunas, the region can be divided into seven regions holding distinctive avifaunas (Costa Rica and western Panama; northern Central America and northern Chiapas; southern Chiapas; eastern Mexico north of the Isthmus of Tehuantepec; Sierra Madre del Sur; interior Oaxaca; and Transvolcanic Belt and Sierra Madre Occidental), which serve as useful guides for the setting of priorities for conservation action.Se resumen las distribuciones de 335 especies de aves en 33 islas de bosque húmedo de montaña en Mesoamerica, y se analizan patrones de distributión, diversidad y endemismo. Los bosques montanos de Costa Rica y del oeste de Panamá tienen la más alta riqueza de especies, riqueza de especies endémicas a Mesoamerica, y riqueza de especies ecologicamente restringidas a bosque húmedo de montana. Otras regiones, tales como la Sierra Madre del Sur de Guerrero y Oaxaca, la región de Los Tuxtlas y las montanas de Chiapas y Guatemala, también tienen avifaunas ricas en especies y en endémicas. Basado en patrones de similitud de avifaunas, se puede dividir Mesoamerica en siete regiones que tienen avifaunas distintas (Costa Rica y el oeste de Panamá; el norte de Centroamérica y el norte de Chiapas; el sur de Chiapas; el este de México; la Sierra Madre del Sur; el interior de Oaxaca; y el Eje Neovolcánico y la Sierra Madre Occidental), las cuales pueden servir como guias en el establecimiento de prioridades para la conservatión.

BIOGEOGRAPHIC PATTERNS OF MONTANE MEXICAN AND CENTRAL AMERICAN CARABIDAE (COLEOPTERA)

1994 ◽  
Vol 126 (3) ◽  
pp. 841-860 ◽  
Author(s):  
James K. Liebherr
Keyword(s):  
Sonoran Desert ◽  
General Pattern ◽  
General Area ◽  
Widespread Species ◽  
Sierra Madre Occidental ◽  
Biogeographic Patterns ◽  
The North ◽  
Sierra Madre ◽  
Areas Of Endemism ◽  
Sierra Madre Del Sur

AbstractCarabid taxa inhabiting the montane forests of México and Central America are analyzed using cladistic biogeographic methods. Taxa exhibiting the Nearctic, Meso-American Montane, and Paleo-American distributional patterns are included in the analysis. Widespread taxa are assumed to indicate that the areas of endemism they inhabit are closely related, and the general pattern of area relationships is determined using parsimony analysis. Of the nine areas of endemism recognized in the analysis, the Sierra Madre Oriental is considered the most distinct. The northern Sierra Madre Occidental, Arizona Mountains, and Sonoran Desert comprise one monophyletic set of areas, as do the more southerly areas of the Sierra Transvolcanica, Sierra Madre del Sur, Chiapan–Guatemalan highlands, and Talamancan Cordillera. The southern Sierra Madre Occidental area of endemism is equivocally related to both areas to the north and areas to the south. Biogeographic information derived from widespread species is as congruent with the general area cladogram as information derived from groups with precinctive species, indicating that the same biogeographic barriers often limit distributions of both widespread species and more inclusive clades comprising precinctive species. Taxa exhibiting the Meso-American Montane Pattern are more congruent with the general area cladogram than those representing the Nearctic Pattern, even though they exhibit less fidelity to highland habitats.

scholarly journals Diversificación del grupo Humectus del género Canthon (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) en el occidente de México

2015 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gonzalo Halffter ◽  
Luis Eugenio Rivera Cervantes ◽  
Violeta Halffter
Keyword(s):  
Sierra Madre Occidental ◽  
Sierra Madre ◽  
El Sistema ◽  
Sierra Madre Del Sur

Como una continuación de los trabajos sobre Canthon humectus (Say) (véase Introducción), en este artículo se plantea el estudio taxonómico y biogeográfico de los taxa del grupo humectus del Occidente de México, concretamente de las Sierras del Estado deJalisco. En esta región de accidentada orografía en la que convergen la Sierra Madre Occidental, el Sistema Volcánico Transversal y la Sierra Madre del Sur, se encuentran cuatro taxa de lo que aquí consideramos como grupo humectus. Para establecer esta nueva situación taxonómica y los taxa que comprende, presentamos una descripción del grupo humectus y una clave taxonómica para todas las especies y subespecies que comprende. Se incluye además la diagnosis de los taxa que se encuentran en las sierras y costa de Jalisco: Canthon humectus humectus (Say), C.h. assimilis Robinson, C. riverai Halffter y Halffter nov. st. y C. occidentalis Halffter y Rivera sp. nov. La coexistencia de parejas de estos taxa en varias localidades, sin ejemplares de transición, plantea la necesidad de tratar a algunos de ellos como especies distintas de C.humectus, pero dentro del mismo grupo humectus. La comparación del grado de hibridación entre taxa que se encuentra en las sierras de Jalisco con el ya estudiado en el oriente de México, se considera un resultado de dos tiempos históricos en los procesos de dispersión-especiación del grupo humectus. Esta es una hipótesis cuya confirmación o rechazo dependerá del estudio molecular del ADN de los taxa de Jalisco, en comparación con los del oriente de México.

scholarly journals The geography of evolutionary divergence in the highly endemic avifauna from the Sierra Madre del Sur, Mexico

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Rocha-Méndez ◽  
Luis A. Sánchez-González ◽  
Clementina González ◽  
Adolfo G. Navarro-Sigüenza
Keyword(s):  
Hypothesis Testing ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Demographic History ◽  
Central Valley ◽  
Evolutionary Divergence ◽  
Montane Forests ◽  
Historical Factors ◽  
Sierra Madre ◽  
Valley Of Oaxaca ◽  
Sierra Madre Del Sur

Abstract Background Mesoamerica is a remarkable region with a high geological and ecological complexity. Within northern Mesoamerica, the biotic province of the Sierra Madre del Sur (SMS) in southwestern Mexico harbors exceptionally high avian endemism and diversity. Herein, we searched for spatially and temporally concordant phylogeographic patterns, in four bird genera from three distinct avian orders co-distributed across Mesoamerica and investigated their causes through hypothesis testing regarding historical processes. Selected species include endemic and differentiated populations across the montane forests of Mesoamerica, and particularly within the SMS. Results We gathered mitochondrial DNA sequences for at least one locus from 177 individuals across all species. We assessed genetic structure, demographic history, and defined a framework for the coalescent simulations used in biogeographic hypothesis testing temporal and spatial co-variance. Our analyses suggested shared phylogeographic breaks in areas corresponding to the SMS populations, and between the main montane systems in Mesoamerica, with the Central Valley of Oaxaca and the Nicaragua Depression being the most frequently shared breaks among analyzed taxa. Nevertheless, dating analyses and divergence patterns observed were consistent with the hypothesis of broad vicariance across Mesoamerica derived from mechanisms operating at distinct times across taxa in the SMS. Conclusions Our study provides a framework for understanding the evolutionary origins and historical factors enhancing speciation in well-defined regions within Mesoamerica, indicating that the evolutionary history of extant biota inhabiting montane forests is complex and often idiosyncratic.

Cunila socorroae (Lamiaceae) a new species from Sierra Madre Occidental, Durango, Mexico

Phytotaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 453 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-42
Author(s):  
MARÍA DEL ROSARIO GARCÍA-PEÑA ◽  
JESÚS GUADALUPE GONZÁLEZ-GALLEGOS
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Chihuahuan Desert ◽  
Volcanic Belt ◽  
Corolla Tube ◽  
Sierra Madre Occidental ◽  
Sierra Madre ◽  
Sierra Madre Del Sur ◽  
Additional Support ◽  
Floral Bracts ◽  
A New Species

Recent botanical explorations in Durango, Mexico, led to the discovery of a new species endemic to this state: Cunila socorroae (Lamiaceae), which is consequently here described and illustrated. The new species is morphologically most similar to C. jaliscana and C. lythrifolia. It can be distinguished from both in having less flowers per cyme, lanceolate floral bracts, longer calyx tube, and lanceolate calyx teeth and longer. It also deviates from C. jaliscana by the fewer floral internodes, longer floral bract, and generally longer corolla tube. Also, the exfoliating bark, white corollas and internally pubescent, make a clear distinction against C. lythrifolia. The distinctive geographic distribution of these species is an additional support to their separation; the new species is exclusive of the middle portion of Sierra Madre Occidental, whereas C. jaliscana is restricted to the northernmost portion of Sierra Madre del Sur, and C. lythrifolia, though mostly occurs in eastern Tans-Mexican Volcanic Belt, has also some localities in southern Chihuahuan Desert, Sierra Madre Oriental and Sierra Madre del Sur.

Re-evaluation of the Mandevilla subsessilis species complex and resurrection of M. platydactyla (Apocynaceae: Apocynoideae)

Phytotaxa ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 239 (2) ◽  
pp. 155
Author(s):  
Lucio Lozada Pérez ◽  
Leonardo O. Alvarado Cárdenas
Keyword(s):  
Species Complex ◽  
Morphological Analysis ◽  
Separate Species ◽  
Sierra Madre ◽  
Sierra Madre Del Sur ◽  
Isthmus Of Tehuantepec

The present work re-evaluates the Mandevilla subsessilis complex (Apocynaceae: Apocynoideae). Based on morphological analysis, including UPGMA, we recognize two separate species, respectively distributed primarily west and east of the Isthmus of Tehuantepec: M. platydactyla (with M. mollis as a synonym) and M. subsessilis.  Mandevilla platydactyla is found from the Sierras de Chiapas to Nicaragua, whereas M. subsessilis is endemic to Mexico, particularly the Sierra Madre del Sur.

scholarly journals Mitochondrial DNA indicate paraphyletic relationships and resolve disjunct distributions in the Neotoma mexicana species group

Therya ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 411-421
Author(s):  
Giovani Hernández Canchola ◽  
Livia León Paniagua ◽  
Jacob Aaron Esselstyn
Keyword(s):  
Central America ◽  
Volcanic Belt ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Disjunct Distribution ◽  
Southern Mexico ◽  
Mitochondrial Cytochrome B ◽  
Sierra Madre ◽  
The Us ◽  
Sierra Madre Del Sur ◽  
Isthmus Of Tehuantepec

Woodrats (genus Neotoma) comprise 24 species found primarily in the US and Mexico. The Neotoma mexicana species group reaches its southernmost distribution in the highlands of southern Mexico and Central America. Previous research suggested that N. mexicana has a disjunct distribution, and it, N. ferruginea and N. picta have allopatric distributions and limit each other around the lowlands of the Isthmus of Tehuantepec. However, these hypotheses were suggested with incomplete subspecific sampling near the isthmus. We used new samples of N. m. parvidens from the Oaxacan Sierra Madre del Sur and N. m. tropicalis from the Sierra Norte de Oaxaca to assess their taxonomic affinity. With new sequences of the mitochondrial cytochrome-b gene, we found that both subspecies belong to N. ferruginea, not N. mexicana. We therefore suggest that N. mexicana is continuously distributed from the US to the Transmexican Volcanic Belt, N. picta inhabits the Guerreran Sierra Madre del Sur, and N. ferruginea ranges from the Oaxacan Sierra Madre del Sur to Central America. Our findings indicate that the Isthmus of Tehuantepec did not promote speciation in these woodrats, but we did detect intraspecific genetic differentiation between samples of N. ferruginea from east and west of the isthmus.

scholarly journals The geography of evolutionary divergence in the highly endemic avifauna from the Sierra Madre del Sur, Mexico

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Rocha-Méndez ◽  
LUIS A. SÁNCHEZ-GONZÁLEZ ◽  
CLEMENTINA GONZÁLEZ ◽  
ADOLFO G. NAVARRO-SIGÜENZA
Keyword(s):  
Hypothesis Testing ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Demographic History ◽  
Central Valley ◽  
Evolutionary Divergence ◽  
Montane Forests ◽  
Historical Factors ◽  
Sierra Madre ◽  
Valley Of Oaxaca ◽  
Sierra Madre Del Sur

Abstract Background Mesoamerica is a remarkable region with a high geological and ecological complexity. Within northern Mesoamerica, the biotic province of the Sierra Madre del Sur (SMS) in western Mexico harbors exceptionally high avian endemism and diversity. Herein, we searched for spatially and temporally concordant phylogeographic patterns, in four bird genera from three distinct avian orders co-distributed across Mesoamerica and investigated their causes through hypothesis testing regarding historical processes. Selected species include endemic and differentiated populations across the montane forests of Mesoamerica, and particularly within the SMS. Results We gathered mitochondrial DNA sequences for at least one locus from 177 individuals across all species. We assessed genetic structure, demographic history, and defined a framework for the coalescent simulations used in biogeographic hypothesis testing temporal and spatial co-variance. Our analyses suggested shared phylogeographic breaks in areas corresponding to the SMS populations, and between the main montane systems in Mesoamerica, where the Central Valley of Oaxaca and the Nicaragua Depression being the most frequently shared breaks among analyzed taxa. Nevertheless, dating analyses and divergence patterns observed were consistent with the hypothesis of broad vicariance across Mesoamerica derived from mechanisms operating at distinct times across taxa in the SMS. Conclusions Our study provides a framework for understanding the evolutionary origins and historical factors enhancing speciation in well-defined regions within Mesoamerica, indicating that the evolutionary history of extant biota inhabiting montane forests is complex and often idiosyncratic.

scholarly journals VACÍOS Y OMISIONES EN CONSERVACIÓN DE LAS ECORREGIONES DE MONTAÑA EN MÉXICO

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (17) ◽  
pp. 10-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
César Martín Cantú Ayala ◽  
Josué Raymundo Estrada Arellano ◽  
María Magdalena Salinas Rodríguez ◽  
José Guadalupe Marmolejo Moncivais ◽  
Eduardo Andrés Estrada Castillón
Keyword(s):  
Sierra Madre Occidental ◽  
Sierra Madre ◽  
Sierra Madre Del Sur

Las montañas son ecosistemas que albergan gran biodiversidad y representan una fuente importante de servicios ambientales para la sociedad. En el presente estudio se determinó la representatividad en áreas naturales protegidas, y su grado de cobertura de vegetación, así como los usos del suelo para las montañas clase 5 (clasificación de Kapos) dentro de las ecorregiones nivel IV de México, para lo cual se aplicó la metodología análisis de vacíos y omisiones de conservación (Gap). En 45 ecorregiones se registraron 20 109 804 ha montañosas, que comprenden las siete categorías del nivel I (Semiáridas). En las ecorregiones Sierras Templadas 30 % de su superficie son montañas, que equivalen a 2.1% del territorio de las Grandes Planicies; mientras que a las áreas naturales protegidas les corresponde 14.4%; en cambio, en el mundo el porcentaje es de 32%. La vegetación natural de las montañas contribuye con 1.9% al total del país, con 1.5% de la vegetación primaria, y para las zonas con usos antrópicos con 2.9%, muy por debajo del 13.3% registrado a nivel mundial. Las ecorregiones de la Sierra Madre del Sur tienen la segunda mayor cobertura nacional de montañas con 20.5%, después de las existentes en la Sierra Madre Occidental (25.3%). Situación alarmante, dada la elevada tasa de deforestación existente en el sureste, donde solo 21.4% de su territorio tiene vegetación primaria, respecto al 49.3% registrado en el país. Es necesario emprender acciones para proteger los ecosistemas de montaña en México, principalmente, en la región sureste.

scholarly journals The geography of evolutionary divergence in the highly endemic avifauna from the Sierra Madre del Sur, Mexico

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Rocha-Méndez ◽  
LUIS A. SÁNCHEZ-GONZÁLEZ ◽  
CLEMENTINA GONZÁLEZ ◽  
ADOLFO G. NAVARRO-SIGÜENZA
Keyword(s):  
Hypothesis Testing ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Demographic History ◽  
Central Valley ◽  
Evolutionary Divergence ◽  
Montane Forests ◽  
Historical Factors ◽  
Sierra Madre ◽  
Valley Of Oaxaca ◽  
Sierra Madre Del Sur

Abstract Background Mesoamerica is a remarkable region with a high geological and ecological complexity. Within northern Mesoamerica, the biotic province of the Sierra Madre del Sur (SMS) in southwestern Mexico harbors exceptionally high avian endemism and diversity. Herein, we searched for spatially and temporally concordant phylogeographic patterns, in four bird genera from three distinct avian orders co-distributed across Mesoamerica and investigated their causes through hypothesis testing regarding historical processes. Selected species include endemic and differentiated populations across the montane forests of Mesoamerica, and particularly within the SMS. Results We gathered mitochondrial DNA sequences for at least one locus from 177 individuals across all species. We assessed genetic structure, demographic history, and defined a framework for the coalescent simulations used in biogeographic hypothesis testing temporal and spatial co-variance. Our analyses suggested shared phylogeographic breaks in areas corresponding to the SMS populations, and between the main montane systems in Mesoamerica, with the Central Valley of Oaxaca and the Nicaragua Depression being the most frequently shared breaks among analyzed taxa. Nevertheless, dating analyses and divergence patterns observed were consistent with the hypothesis of broad vicariance across Mesoamerica derived from mechanisms operating at distinct times across taxa in the SMS. Conclusions Our study provides a framework for understanding the evolutionary origins and historical factors enhancing speciation in well-defined regions within Mesoamerica, indicating that the evolutionary history of extant biota inhabiting montane forests is complex and often idiosyncratic.

scholarly journals The geography of evolutionary divergence in the highly endemic avifauna from the Sierra Madre del Sur, Mexico

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Rocha-Méndez ◽  
LUIS A. SÁNCHEZ-GONZÁLEZ ◽  
CLEMENTINA GONZÁLEZ ◽  
ADOLFO G. NAVARRO-SIGÜENZA
Keyword(s):  
Hypothesis Testing ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Demographic History ◽  
Central Valley ◽  
Evolutionary Divergence ◽  
Montane Forests ◽  
Historical Factors ◽  
Sierra Madre ◽  
Valley Of Oaxaca ◽  
Sierra Madre Del Sur

Abstract Background: Mesoamerica is a remarkable region with a high geological and ecological complexity. Within northern Mesoamerica, the biotic province of the Sierra Madre del Sur (SMS) in southwestern Mexico harbors exceptionally high avian endemism and diversity. Herein, we searched for spatially and temporally concordant phylogeographic patterns, in four bird genera from three distinct avian orders co-distributed across Mesoamerica and investigated their causes through hypothesis testing regarding historical processes. Selected species include endemic and differentiated populations across the montane forests of Mesoamerica, and particularly within the SMS. Results: We gathered mitochondrial DNA sequences for at least one locus from 177 individuals across all species. We assessed genetic structure, demographic history, and defined a framework for the coalescent simulations used in biogeographic hypothesis testing temporal and spatial co-variance. Our analyses suggested shared phylogeographic breaks in areas corresponding to the SMS populations, and between the main montane systems in Mesoamerica, with the Central Valley of Oaxaca and the Nicaragua Depression being the most frequently shared breaks among analyzed taxa. Nevertheless, dating analyses and divergence patterns observed were consistent with the hypothesis of broad vicariance across Mesoamerica derived from mechanisms operating at distinct times across taxa in the SMS. Conclusions: Our study provides a framework for understanding the evolutionary origins and historical factors enhancing speciation in well-defined regions within Mesoamerica, indicating that the evolutionary history of extant biota inhabiting montane forests is complex and often idiosyncratic.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document