PhD Abstracts

Many students complete PhDs in functional programming each year. As a service to the community, twice per year the Journal of Functional Programming publishes the abstracts from PhD dissertations completed during the previous year. The abstracts are made freely available on the JFP website, i.e. not behind any paywall. They do not require any transfer of copyright, merely a license from the author. A dissertation is eligible for inclusion if parts of it have or could have appeared in JFP, that is, if it is in the general area of functional programming. The abstracts are not reviewed. We are delighted to publish five abstracts in this round and hope that JFP readers will find many interesting dissertations in this collection that they may not otherwise have seen. If a student or advisor would like to submit a dissertation abstract for publication in this series, please contact the series editor for further details. Graham Hutton PhD Abstract Editor

Processing of Electronic journalism on Tourism Topics in The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

The aim of the study is to recognize Saudi Arabia's online newspaper's handling process of tourism topics formally and contently using analytical study, and the nature of process that used by newspapers sample Study in presenting tourist topics. The study falls within the framework of descriptive studies regenerated from analytical survey method, and used tool to analyze the content in both quantitative and qualitative ways. The researcher analyzed the content of tourist materials published in two newspapers Sabq and Ealmkan, during period from November 11, (2019) to May 11 (2020). Journalistic forms, news, report, talk, investigation and article were study analysis units in this study. The study concluded that: The general results of the study showed Ealmkan newspaper came first in the quantity of Tourism subjects published during the study period by (54)٪Followed by Sabq newspaper (46)٪This is due to the tourism specialization of the Ealmkan newspaper unlike Sabq newspaper that handled general Journal topics. The results showed that (75)٪of the newspapers topics that dealt with tourism topics In the Saudi online newspapers of the samples study was news materials based on the use of news scoops and art. This indicate that tourism topics have taken the lead in other journalistic topics in the two online newspaper that been studied. The results also showed the acquisition of a positive trend in press processing tourist topics the largest percentage (63) of the total materials that Published about tourism, while neutral trend came second with (33)٪ of the total material Published, negative-trend came last with (4)٪ The results reveal that general tourism topics articles came first with (35)٪ of the total articles with Tourist topics published in the two newspapers, while the religious tourist topics came last give (0)٪ in both journals samples study. The results in terms of geographical area Covered in tourist topics in the sample papers of the study was by a large percentage (51) (General area and non-specific), While did not include areas (al-Baha, Jazan, Hail) in both newspapers during Analysis process.

The Semantics of Chinese Noun Phrases

Chinese nominal phrases are typologically distinct from their English counterparts in many aspects. Most strikingly, Chinese is featured with a general classifier system, which not only helps to categorize nouns but also has to do with the issue of quantification. Moreover, it has neither noncontroversial plural markers nor (in)definite markers. Its bare nouns are allowed in various argument positions. As a consequence, Chinese is sometimes characterized as a classifier language, as an argumental language, or as an article-less language. One of the questions arising is whether these apparently different but related properties underscore a single issue: that it is the semantics of nouns that is responsible for all these peculiarities of Mandarin nominal phrases. It has been claimed that Chinese nouns are born as kind terms, from which the object-level readings can be derived, being either existential or definite. Nevertheless, the existence of classifiers in Chinese is claimed to be independent of the kind denotation of its bare nouns. Within the general area of noun semantics, a number of other semantic issues have generated much interest. One is concerned with the availability of the mass/count distinction in Mandarin nominal phrases. Another issue has to do with the semantics of classifiers. Are classifiers required by the noun semantics or the numeral semantics, when occurring in the syntactic context of Numeral/Quantifier-Classifier-Noun? Finally, how is the semantic notion of definiteness understood in article-less languages like Mandarin Chinese? Should its denotation be characterized with uniqueness or familiarity?

Mobility Need-Adaptive Housing Platforms: The Benefit of a Commute Time Search Feature

The growing influx of people to urban areas has resulted in a tense housing market in many places, making the search for a suitable residence an increased challenge. Dedicated online platforms facilitate this process and offer two distinct approaches to find suitable accommodations concerning its location. Traditionally, users can search for a general area like a city to narrow down the results displayed. Additionally, some platforms offer searches based on the maximum commute time between apartments and points of interest. This paper investigates the benefit such approaches yield concerning technology acceptance and the fit of the task and information representation. Thus, a prototypically implemented online platform with and without a commute time search feature was evaluated in an online experiment. The treatment specification achieved significantly better results in terms of information quality and technology acceptance, implicating that such a design should be preferred for websites that facilitate the search for apartments. These insights can contribute to an enhanced understanding of visual system design to reduce the negative sustainability impacts of traffic induced by a divergence of residential and workplaces.

The Effect of COVID-19 Measures in Hotels on Tourists' Perceptions of Safe Tourism Service

For a tourist, the perception of safety is the most important element of the holiday purchase decision process. With the COVID-19 pandemic, people's health concerns have also increased. The expectation of safe tourism on holiday has become more prominent. Hotel management takes the necessary precautions to provide safer service to its customers. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of COVID-19 measures in hotels on tourists' perception of safe tourism service. A total of 734 questionnaires were collected from local tourists at four- and five-star hotels. Factor analysis, correlation, and regression analyses were used to examine the hypotheses. The results of this study have been revealed that while general COVID-19 measures, restaurant services, room services, and human resources measures significantly affect safe tourism service, general area services, pool-beach services, and bar services do not have a significant effect.

Сhrysaspis patens and Сh. patens × Сh. campestre (Fabaceae) іn the flora of Ukraine

Data about distribution of Сhrysaspis patens (Schreb.) Holub (Trifolium patens Schreb.) and Сh. patens × Сh. campestre (Schreb.) Holub (T. patens × T. campestre Schreb.) (Fabaceae Lindl.) in the Ukrainian flora are analyzed. For the first time, according to LE and KW Herbarium materials, in 1990 and 1996, the species, Сh. patens, was noted by Yu. Roskov from the territory of Transcarpathian Region (Zakarpats’ka Oblast’): in the vicinity of the village of Malyi Bereznyi of Velykyi Bereznyі District (1954), and village Lazy (1958) of Uzhgorod Distr., later – between villages Nevytske and Kamianytsa (1970, 1972) of these district of the Region. One specimens from the Malyi Bereznyi (LE) was determined by Yu. Roskov as hybrid: Сh. patens × Сh. campestre. Before 2019 in Checklist and regional flora’s these taxa was not mentioned. Traditionally, the species is considered as part of the sect. Сhrysaspis of genus Chrysaspis Desv. or sect. Chronosemium Seringe subgen. Chronosemium (Seringe) Hossain of the genus Trifolium L. Taxonomically, the species is close to Сh. campestris. The main distinguishing features between these species are: morphological characteristics of vegetative and generative organs, mainly size and form of leaves and parts of flower. Taxonomic citations, morphological characteristics, primary and secondary areas, ecological and coenotic peculiarities of Ch. patens are given. The general area of the species is including Middle Europe, Mediterraneum and Asia minor; at the last years species was noted from the territory of Azerbaijan, Finland and New Zealand. The species grows on meadow, among shrubs, in wet and rocky places, on pastures, along roadsides and railway tracks, etc. In the South European country Ch. patens is a characteristic species of cl. Molinio-Arrhenatheretea Tuxen 1957. The florogenetic status of the species is discussed, in particular in the Transcarpathia region, as well as in the neighboring Hungary and Slovakia Ch. patens is considered as element of native fraction of the flora. At the northern parts of species distribution range, e.g. in Poland, Germany, etc. the species is a kenophyte. A schematic map of the distribution of the species in the Transcarpathia region is given.

Φεμινισμός και ψυχολογία: Συνέπειες στην έρευνα, στην κλινική πρακτική και στη συλλογική κοινωνική δράση

The papers of this special issue fall into the general area of the feminist critical psychology, since they reveal the special and often marginalized experience of different groups of women, place and interpret the issues discussed within the context of the existing social-cultural ideology regarding to gender and/or ethnic identity and connect the scientific research with practice, the empowerment of the participants and the social-political action. This commentary underlies three important issues that have been brought into the front by this feminist critique on psychology and which are also discussed among all the papers. These are (a) the adaptation of qualitative methodology in psychological research, (b) the recognition of the interaction between the identity of gender and other identities, as well as (c) the notions of social justice and social action

2021 IUPAC-Solvay International Award for Young Chemists—Call for applicants

The 2021 IUPAC-SOLVAY International Award for Young Chemists is intended to encourage outstanding young research scientists at the beginning of their careers. The awards are given for the most outstanding Ph.D. theses in the general area of the chemical sciences, as described in a 1000-word essay. The award is generously sponsored by Solvay.

Deceiving Autonomous Drones

This speculative article examines the concept of deceiving autonomous drones that are controlled by artificial intelligence (AI) and can work without operational input from humans. This article examines the potential of autonomous drones, their implications and how deception could possibly be a defence against them and /or a means of gaining advantage. It posits that officially, no truly autonomous drone is operational now, yet the development of AI and other technologies could expand the capabilities of these devices, which will inevitably confront society with a number of deep ethical, legal, and philosophical issues. The article also examines the impact of autonomous drones and their targets in terms of the power/deception nexus. The impact of surveillance and kinetic impacts on the target populations is investigated. The use of swarms can make deception more difficult although security can be breached. The Internet of Things can be considered as based on the same model as a swarm and its impact on human behaviour indicates that deception or perhaps counter-deception should be considered as a defence. Finally, the issues raised are outlined. However, this article does not provide definitive answers but, hopefully, exposes a number of issues that will stimulate further discussion and research in this general area.

Axiological approach in reporting polish political issues in 1989–2005

The article explores the “post-communist syndrome” in the functioning of the Polish state. The analysis is carried out on the example of certain specific features of the political culture of Polish society: axiological, that is, the predominance of traditional moral values in public opinion. Axiologicality is a general area of Polish political journalism. The values and political problems in the context of morality are put first. The article analyzes the axiological aspects of the problem of coverage of the functioning of the Polish state 1989–2005 years. The analysis is carried out on the example of publications: “Tygodnik Powszechny” and “Niedziela”. Socio-political communication of Polish journalism in problem-thematic content is investigated in thematic blocks ‒ several articles of Polish publications, united in one topic. The general analysis of the articles is carried out in such thematic blocks, which express the main problems of the Polish editions: “Solidarnost’” ‒ publications on the liberation movement in Poland, the organization Solidarnost’; “Postcommunist consciousness” is a thematic block whose main focus is on the critical rethinking of the communist past; “Contemporary Polish politics” is a discussion of the modern formation of the Polish state, structure, regime, modern politics, as well as the thematic block “Ecumenical combination” ‒ articles “Niedzieli”, which promote the religious and national association of churches.