scholarly journals A COMPARISON OF CHROMOSOME NUMBER AND KARYOTYPE IN SOMATIC CHROMOSOMES OF STANGERIACEAE (CYCADALES)

2001 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 475-481 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. KOKUBUGATA ◽  
K. D. HILL ◽  
G. W. WILSON ◽  
K. KONDO ◽  
L. M. RANDALL
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Number ◽  
Staining Method ◽  
Karyotype Analysis ◽  
Mitotic Metaphase ◽  
Chromosomal Change ◽  
First Time ◽  
Orcein Staining

Somatic chromosomes at mitotic metaphase of two species and two undescribed populations of Bowenia, and Stangeria eriopus, which were classified in Stangeriaceae, Cycadales, were compared using the standard aceto-orcein staining method. All Bowenia taxa showed a chromosome number of 2n = 18, while S. eriopus showed a chromosome number of 2n = 16. The chromosome number of 2n = 18 in B. ‘Kuranda’ is reported for the first time. The present karyotype analysis indicates that B. ‘Kuranda’ and another undescribed taxon, B. ‘Tinaroo’, are cytotaxonomically closer to B. spectabilis than B. serrulata, and that the karyotype of Stangeria is unlikely to have been derived from that of Bowenia by a simple chromosomal change such as centromeric fission and deletion.

Comparison of karyotype and rDNA-distribution in somatic chromosomes of Bowenia species (Stangeriaceae, Cycadales)

2000 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Kokubugata ◽  
K. Kondo ◽  
G. W. Wilson ◽  
L. M. Randall ◽  
A. van der Schans ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Number ◽  
Ribosomal Dna ◽  
Staining Method ◽  
In Situ Hybridisation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Mitotic Metaphase ◽  
Rdna Probe ◽  
Hybridisation Signal ◽  
Orcein Staining

Somatic chromosomes at mitotic metaphase of Bowenia serrulata, B. spectabilis and B. sp. ‘Tinaroo’ is investigated by the standard aceto-orcein staining method and the fluorescent in situ hybridisation method (FISH) with ribosomal DNA (rDNA) probe. Bowenia serrulata, B. spectabilis and B. sp. ‘Tinaroo’ each have a chromosome number of 2n = 18. The karyotype of B. serrulata exhibits 10 median-centromeric chromosomes, while B. spectabilis and B. sp. ‘Tinaroo’ exhibit eight median-centromeric chromosomes. By using FISH, B. serrulata, B. spectabilis and B. sp. ‘Tinaroo’ show a hybridisation signal on the satellite of the short arm of two submedian-centromeric chromosomes. However, the other hybridisation signal pattern is different among B. serrulata, B. spectabilis and B. sp. ‘Tinaroo’.

First karyological report in Larnax and Deprea (Solanaceae)

2014 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rocío Deanna ◽  
Gloria E. Barboza ◽  
Marisel A. Scaldaferro
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Number ◽  
Karyotype Analysis ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Asymmetry Index ◽  
Nucleolar Organiser ◽  
Nucleolar Organiser Regions ◽  
Karyotype Formula ◽  
Intrachromosomal Asymmetry ◽  
First Time ◽  
Haploid Karyotype

Somatic chromosomes of 12 samples belonging to seven Larnax Miers species and three Deprea Raf. species are studied. Chromosome number and karyotype analysis of both genera are reported for the first time. All taxa have 2n = 24. The most frequent haploid karyotype formula (8 of 12 samples) is 9 metacentric (m) + 3 submetacentric (sm) chromosomes, whereas L. glabra (Standl.) N.W. Sawyer and Larnax sp. display 10 m + 2 sm. Karyotypes of L. nieva S. Leiva & N.W. Sawyer and D. cuyacensis (N.W. Sawyer & S. Leiva) S. Leiva & Lezama are remarkable for the highest number of sm chromosome pairs, with 7 m + 5 sm and 5 m + 7 sm, respectively, presenting the highest intrachromosomal asymmetry index (A1), whereas Larnax sp. and L. glabra show the lowest A1. Most samples (9 of 12) examined have only one pair of chromosomes with nucleolar organiser regions (NOR), whereas L. glabra, Larnax sp., and D. cuyacensis possess two pairs of NOR. Systematic considerations about the monophyly of Larnax and Deprea are provided. The different karyotype parameters obtained, together with morphological characters, are discussed to single out the species.

scholarly journals Karyomorphological variations in some populations of Allium subgenus Melanocrommyum section Acanthoprason in Iran

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 670-675
Author(s):  
HASSAN MASTALI ◽  
MAHBOOBEH ZARE-MEHRJERDI ◽  
MARYAM NOROUZI ◽  
JALAL REZAEI
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Chromosome Number ◽  
Natural Variation ◽  
Karyotype Analysis ◽  
Group Method ◽  
Allium Species ◽  
Arithmetic Average ◽  
Pair Group ◽  
Upgma Cluster Analysis ◽  
First Time

Mastali H, Zare-Mehrjerdi M, Norouzi M, Rezaei J. 2018. Karyomorphological variations in some populations of Allium subgenus Melanocrommyum section Acanthoprason in Iran. Biodiversitas 19: 670-675. Allium is the largest genus of Amaryllidaceae comprising more than 900 species belonging to 15 subgenera. Iran is reported to be a center of diversity for subgenus Melanocrommyum. Acanthoprason is a section in this subgenus. In this paper, karyomorphological variations of nine populations of four species including Allium derderianum, A. kurdistanicum, A. minutiflorum and A. subakaka of the section Acanthoprason growing in Iran were undertaken using squash technique and 2% (w/v) aceto-orcein stain. All of the populations have the same chromosome numbers 2n = 2x = 16 with the exception in Kochka population of A. derderianum 2n = 18. In the present study, the chromosome number of A. minutiflorum and new chromosome number of A. derderianum were revealed for the first time. Chromosomal characteristics were determined using photographs complemented by cluster analysis. According to dendrogram generated by the unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic average (UPGMA) cluster analysis, nine populations studied were separated into five groups at a cut off value of 5. Karyotype analysis indicated that Allium species studied here generally have metacentric and submetacentric chromosomes and symmetric karyotypes. Results of the present study revealed the natural variation in nine populations of four species of Acantoprason section which can further serve conservation and breeding planning.

Cytotaxonomic studies in five species of Rutidosis (Asteraceae) endemic to south-eastern Queensland

2002 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Goro Kokubugata ◽  
Ailsa E. Holland
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Number ◽  
Staining Method ◽  
Chromosome Length ◽  
Basic Chromosome Number ◽  
Gradual Change ◽  
Basic Chromosome ◽  
Taxonomic Treatment ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Orcein Staining

Somatic chromosomes of five species of Rutidosis endemic to south-eastern Queensland were analysed by the aceto-orcein staining method. The five species were classified into two major groups by their basic chromosome number and asymmetry of chromosome length. Rutidosis glandulosa and R. murchisonii exhibited a basic chromosome number of x = 11 and a gradual change in chromosome length. Rutidosis crispata, R. lanata and R. leucantha exhibited a basic chromosome number of x = 12 and the karyotype was bimodal with respect to chromosome length. On the basis of chromosome evidence, we hypothesise that (1) R. glandulosa and R. murchisonii are closely related, (2) R. crispata and R. leucantha are closely related and (3) R. lanata is most likely to be derived from R. crispata by a hexaploidisation. The present results support Holland’s (1994, 1999) taxonomic treatment of the five species.

Karyotype analysis of medicinal plant Liriope spicata var. prolifera (Liliaceae)

Biologia ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Qun Zhou ◽  
Jianqiu Zhou ◽  
Jiachun Chen ◽  
Xiaogang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Number ◽  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Endemic Species ◽  
Secondary Constriction ◽  
Karyotype Analysis ◽  
Basic Chromosome Number ◽  
Separate Species ◽  
Basic Chromosome ◽  
First Time

AbstractKaryotype of Liriope spicata var. prolifera, a Chinese endemic species, was described in detail for the first time. Its proto-variety L. spicata was also investigated for comparison. The basic chromosome number of these two species was x = 18. L. spicata var. prolifera, recorded as triploid 2n = 54, consisted of 30 metacentric chromosomes and 24 submetacentric chromosomes. Only one chromosome of the 11th group had a secondary constriction with a satellite in the short arm. L. Spicata was tetraploid 2n = 72 and consisted of four sets of 6 submetacentric chromosomes and 12 metacentric chromosomes without visible satellites. This paper provides further available data on Liriope chromosomes, and also indicates that L. spicata var. prolifera and L. spicata are probably separate species.

Somatic chromosome number and ploidy level in three Curcuma spp. from Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-140
Author(s):  
Ishrat Jahan Bonna ◽  
Suma Akter ◽  
Syeda Sharmeen Sultana
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Number ◽  
Staining Pattern ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Chromosome Length ◽  
Basic Chromosome Number ◽  
Essential Factor ◽  
Somatic Chromosome Number ◽  
Interphase Nuclei ◽  
First Time ◽  
Orcein Staining

Three Curcuma L. species were investigated cytogenetically which represent diversed staining pattern of heterochromatins in interphase nuclei and prophase chromosomes with orcein staining. Curcuma longa and C. caesia were found to possess 2n = 3x = 63 somatic chromosomes whereas 2n = 2x = 42 chromosome number in C. zedoaria is reported for the first time from Bangladesh. Total chromosome length recorded in C. longa, C. caesia and C. zedoaria were 145.08 ± 2.85 μm, 164.93 ± 4.29 μm and 97.78 ± 2.41 μm, respectively. This was the first attempt to measure the length of the chromosomes for these species. The experiment confirmed the basic chromosome number x = 21 with triploid (C. longa, C. caesia) and diploid (C. zedoaria) Curcuma plants. Polyploidy could be employed in the evolution and diversification of the genus Curcuma, which is an essential factor to characterize the species of this genus. Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 30(2): 133-140, 2021 (July)

scholarly journals Cytogenetical analysis of 12 taxa of Genista L. (Fabaceae) from Turkey

2009 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esra Martin ◽  
Muhittin Dinc ◽  
Ahmet Duran ◽  
Bekir Dogan ◽  
Erdogan E. Hakki
Keyword(s):  
Image Analysis ◽  
Chromosome Number ◽  
Scientific Community ◽  
Karyotype Analysis ◽  
Image Analysis System ◽  
Metaphase Chromosomes ◽  
Plant Taxon ◽  
Analysis System ◽  
Cytogenetical Analysis ◽  
First Time

In this study, cytogenetical analyses of 12 taxa belonging to the genus Genista L. and grown naturally in Turkey were conducted. These taxa include G. acanthoclada, G. albida, G. anatolica, G. aucheri, G. burdurensis, G. carinalis, G. involucrata, G. januensis subsp. lydia, G. sandrasica, G. sessilifolia, G. tinctoria and G. vuralii. Chromosome numbers of all the taxa, except G. tinctoria, are introduced to the scientific community for the first time. Somatic metaphase chromosomes of the genus were determined as 2n = 18, 36, 46, 48, 52, 72 and 144. Polyploidy was observed in the cells of G. albida (2n = 18, 2n = 4x = 36), G. tinctoria (2n = 36, 48, 2n = 4x = 96), G. januensis subsp. lydia (2n = 46, 2n = 4x = 92), G. burdurensis and G. sessilifolia (2n = 48, 2n = 4x = 96). Somatic chromosomes of the G. sandrasica are very small, thus exact ploidy level of polyploidy was not determined. Karyotype analysis of G. albida and G. involucrata were performed via an Image Analysis System.  Keywords: Genista; Leguminosae; chromosome number; karyotype; Turkey. DOI: 10.3329/bjpt.v16i2.3927 Bangladesh J. Plant Taxon. 16(2): 151-156, 2009 (December)

scholarly journals Karyotype analysis of Aeluropus species (Poaceae)

Turczaninowia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 88-92
Author(s):  
Maryam Keshavarzi ◽  
Samaneh Mosaferi ◽  
Fatemeh Abivardi
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Number ◽  
Karyotype Analysis ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Chromosome Counts ◽  
Gene Manipulation ◽  
Genetic Source ◽  
Coastal Marshlands ◽  
Base Chromosome Number ◽  
First Time

Aeluropus, a member of Poaceae subfam. Chloridoideae, includes six species, three of which occur in Iran. They are perennial halophytes of deserts and coastal marshlands of Iran. The genus is considered as a rich genetic source for gene manipulation and using it for crop improvement. Previous studies showed that members of Chloridoideae have small chromosomes and the base chromosome number n = 10. There are few chromosome records for Aeluropus species. Somatic metaphases of seven populations of three Aeluropus species were studied. The first chromosome counts (2n = 20) based on Iranian material for three species, A. macrostachyus, A. littoralis and A. lagopoides, are concordant with previous records outside Iran; mitotic number for A. macrostachyus is recorded here for the first time.

scholarly journals New Contribution to the Knowledge on the Chromosome Numbers of Turkish Cerambycidae (Coleoptera)

2021 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-99
Author(s):  
Yavuz Koçak ◽  
Elmas Yağmur
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Number ◽  
Sex Determination ◽  
Chromosome Numbers ◽  
Chromosome Count ◽  
Chromosomal Number ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Karyological Data ◽  
First Time

Information on the karyotypes of Turkish species of Cerambycidae is scanty. Our study contributes to the knowledge of the karyological data (chromosomal number and mechanism of sex determination) of five Turkish longicorn beetles; karyotypes of four taxa, one endemic, are described for the first time and for the remaining one, Purpuricenus budensis (Götz, 1783), the previously published chromosome count is confirmed. The chromosome number of Purpuricenus desfontainii inhumeralis Pic, 1891 and Purpuricenus budensis (Götz, 1783) (Cerambycinae, Trachyderini) was found to be 2n = 28 (13 + Xyp); Clytus rhamni Germar, 1817 and Plagionotus floralis (Pallas, 1773) (Cerambycinae, Clytini) 2n = 20 (9 + Xyp); and the endemic Dorcadion triste phrygicum Peks, 1993 (Lamiinae, Dorcadionini) 2n = 24 (11 + Xyp). In view of the paucity of data available until now, our study is important for both to improve the poor karyological knowledge of Turkish Cerambycidae and to provide an incentive for other researchers.

scholarly journals Karyotype Analysis of Alnus Mill. (Betulaceae) Species Originating From Northeastern Asia

2010 ◽  
Vol 59 (1-6) ◽  
pp. 219-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liu Jun ◽  
Ren Bao-Qing ◽  
Luo Peigao ◽  
Ren Zhenglong
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Number ◽  
Chromosome Numbers ◽  
Karyotype Analysis ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Northeastern Asia ◽  
Ploidy Levels ◽  
Genetic Makeup ◽  
Fossil Records

Abstract Alnus Mill. (alder) is an ecologically valuable tree genus. It is essential to study its genetic makeup in order to use alder trees to their full potential. Five specimens from four Alnus species (A. mandshurica, A. pendula, A. sibirica, and A. sieboldiana), found in northeastern Asia, were subjected to karyotype analysis. The analysis showed that these tree samples could be divided into three categories based on chromosome numbers or ploidy levels: viz., 2n = (4x) = 28, 2n = (8x) = 56 and 2n = (16x) = 112. The differences in chromosome number and karyotype parameters among Alnus species and even within the same species possibly resulted from natural polyploidization. Comparing the chromosome numbers of Alnus species in China with those in Japan showed that there appear to be only two categories in China, whereas there are up to five categories in Japan. The earliest fossil records of Alnus pollen were also discovered in Japan. We conclude that the center origin of Alnus spp. is Japan rather than China.

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