Somatic chromosome number and ploidy level in three Curcuma spp. from Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-140
Author(s):  
Ishrat Jahan Bonna ◽  
Suma Akter ◽  
Syeda Sharmeen Sultana
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Number ◽  
Staining Pattern ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Chromosome Length ◽  
Basic Chromosome Number ◽  
Essential Factor ◽  
Somatic Chromosome Number ◽  
Interphase Nuclei ◽  
First Time ◽  
Orcein Staining

Three Curcuma L. species were investigated cytogenetically which represent diversed staining pattern of heterochromatins in interphase nuclei and prophase chromosomes with orcein staining. Curcuma longa and C. caesia were found to possess 2n = 3x = 63 somatic chromosomes whereas 2n = 2x = 42 chromosome number in C. zedoaria is reported for the first time from Bangladesh. Total chromosome length recorded in C. longa, C. caesia and C. zedoaria were 145.08 ± 2.85 μm, 164.93 ± 4.29 μm and 97.78 ± 2.41 μm, respectively. This was the first attempt to measure the length of the chromosomes for these species. The experiment confirmed the basic chromosome number x = 21 with triploid (C. longa, C. caesia) and diploid (C. zedoaria) Curcuma plants. Polyploidy could be employed in the evolution and diversification of the genus Curcuma, which is an essential factor to characterize the species of this genus. Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 30(2): 133-140, 2021 (July)

scholarly journals Karyomorphological study of Enhydra fluctuans Lour. (Asteraceae)

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 283-288
Author(s):  
MS Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Number ◽  
Relative Length ◽  
Chromosome Length ◽  
Basic Chromosome Number ◽  
Individual Chromosome ◽  
Interphase Nuclei ◽  
Basic Chromosome ◽  
Gradient Type ◽  
Orcein Staining

In the present study, karyomorphological features of Enhydra fluctuans Lour. were investigated. Orcein-staining was used for the authentic chromosomal characterization and identification. In E. fluctuans ‘Simple Chromocenter Type’ of interphase nuclei was observed with many small heterochromatin blocks after orcein staining. Prophase chromosomes showed ‘Gradient Type’ with orcein staining. This species was found to possess 2n=10x=110 with basic chromosome number x=11 and this is probably the first report for this species. The centromeric formula of this species was ‘38m+70sm+2ac’. The above features indicated that E. fluctuans is an advance polyploid with asymmetric karyotype. The total chromatin length (2n) was 295.92 μm. Individual chromosome length ranged from 1.84-4.26 μm. The relative length of each chromosome ranged from 0.006-0.014. The above mentioned data will be useful for karyomorphological characterization of E. fluctuans from Bangladesh. Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res.54(4), 283-288, 2019

scholarly journals Chromosome counts of eight Iranian endemic species of Nepeta L. (Lamiaceae)

Caryologia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-61
Author(s):  
Maryam Hasaninejad ◽  
Ziba Jamzad ◽  
Saeid Afsharzadeh ◽  
HojJatollah Saeidi
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Number ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Chromosome Length ◽  
Basic Chromosome Number ◽  
Chromosome Counts ◽  
Ploidy Levels ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Karyotypic Diversity ◽  
Karyotype Formula ◽  
First Time

In this survey, the chromosome counts of eight Nepeta L. species were investigated and the karyotypic diversity among these species was studied. The examined species belong to N. cephalotes Boiss. species group, namely N. eremokosmos Rech.f., N. gloeocephala Rech. f., cephalotes Boiss., N. pungens (Bunge) Benth., N. ispahanica Boiss., N. mahanensis Jamzad & Simonds, N. hormozganica Jamzad and N. denudata Benth. collected from different habitats in Iran. The ploidy levels, karyotype formula, chromosome length range, total karyotype length, several karyotype asymmetries values and Stebbins classification were determined in this study. Results showed the same chromosome number, 2n = 2x= 18 for all studied species. The basic chromosome number for the above mentioned species are x = 9. Also, the smallest chromosome length is 1.02 μm in N. mahanensis. The largest chromosome length is 2.3 μm in N. ispahanica. The chromosomes of species were metacentric or submetacentric. According to the Stebbins classification, these species were located into three classes 1A, 2A and 3A. The chromosome numbers for six of studied species are reported here for the first time.

scholarly journals Cytogenetical characterization of Acalypha indica L. in Bangladesh

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-189
Author(s):  
Ishrat Jahan Bonna ◽  
Sheikh Shamimul Alam ◽  
Syeda Sharmeen Sultana
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Staining Pattern ◽  
Chromosome Complement ◽  
Relative Length ◽  
Chromosome Length ◽  
Cytological Investigation ◽  
Interphase Nuclei ◽  
Orcein Staining ◽  
Acalypha Indica

Acalypha indica L. was cytogenetically characterized after staining with orcein, CMA and DAPI. In this species "Simple Chromocenter Type" of interphase nuclei was observed with a few small heterochromatin blocks following orcein staining. Prophase chromosomes showed “Interstitial Type” of staining pattern with orcein which indicated the tendency of aggregation of heterochromatin in interstitial regions of chromosome. This plant was found to possess 2n = 20 metacentric chromosomes. The total length of 2n chromosome complement was 55.33 μm. Individual chromosome length ranged from 1.84 to 3.50 μm. The relative length of each chromosome ranged from 0.03 to 0.06. After staining with CMA, three bright bands were observed at different locations of chromosomes. A total of four DAPI-positive bands were also found of which two bands were centromeric and other two were entirely fluoresced with DAPI. The results of the cytological investigation may be useful for future characterization of this plant species. Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 27(2): 183-189, 2018 (July)

Cytotaxonomic studies in five species of Rutidosis (Asteraceae) endemic to south-eastern Queensland

2002 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Goro Kokubugata ◽  
Ailsa E. Holland
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Number ◽  
Staining Method ◽  
Chromosome Length ◽  
Basic Chromosome Number ◽  
Gradual Change ◽  
Basic Chromosome ◽  
Taxonomic Treatment ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Orcein Staining

Somatic chromosomes of five species of Rutidosis endemic to south-eastern Queensland were analysed by the aceto-orcein staining method. The five species were classified into two major groups by their basic chromosome number and asymmetry of chromosome length. Rutidosis glandulosa and R. murchisonii exhibited a basic chromosome number of x = 11 and a gradual change in chromosome length. Rutidosis crispata, R. lanata and R. leucantha exhibited a basic chromosome number of x = 12 and the karyotype was bimodal with respect to chromosome length. On the basis of chromosome evidence, we hypothesise that (1) R. glandulosa and R. murchisonii are closely related, (2) R. crispata and R. leucantha are closely related and (3) R. lanata is most likely to be derived from R. crispata by a hexaploidisation. The present results support Holland’s (1994, 1999) taxonomic treatment of the five species.

scholarly journals Karyotype and genome size variation in white-flowered Eranthis sect. Shibateranthis (Ranunculaceae)

PhytoKeys ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 187 ◽  
pp. 207-227
Author(s):  
Elizaveta Yu. Mitrenina ◽  
Andrey S. Erst ◽  
Lorenzo Peruzzi ◽  
Mikhail V. Skaptsov ◽  
Hiroshi Ikeda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Number ◽  
Diploid Species ◽  
Size Variation ◽  
Chromosome Length ◽  
Basic Chromosome Number ◽  
Somatic Chromosome Number ◽  
Genome Size Variation ◽  
Basic Chromosome ◽  
Acrocentric Chromosomes ◽  
Intrachromosomal Asymmetry

Comparative karyomorphological analyses of six out of the eight white-flowered species of Eranthis sect. Shibateranthis have been carried out. All studied specimens of E. byunsanensis, E. lobulata, E. pinnatifida, and E. stellata had a somatic chromosome number 2n = 16 with basic chromosome number x = 8. On the contrary, E. tanhoensis and E. sibirica had a basic chromosome number x = 7. The specimens of E. tanhoensis were diploid with 2n = 14, while the specimens of E. sibirica were polyploid with 2n = 42. Monoploid chromosome sets of the investigated diploid species had 4–5 metacentric chromosomes and 2–4 submetacentric/subtelocentric/acrocentric chromosomes. The highest level of interchromosomal asymmetry, estimated via CVCL, was found in E. byunsanensis and E. pinnatifida. The highest levels of intrachromosomal asymmetry (MCA) and heterogeneity in centromere position (CVCI) were found in E. lobulata and E. byunsanensis, while E. sibirica had the most symmetric karyotype. A multivariate PCoA analysis of basic karyotype parameters (2n, x, THL, CVCL, MCA, and CVCI) highlighted no overlap among species accessions, which was also confirmed by LDA. The average absolute monoploid DNA content (1Cx) of the 23 investigated samples of six Eranthis species varied from 9.26 ± 0.25 pg in E. sibirica to 15.93 ± 0.32 pg in E. stellata. Overall karyological affinity was highlighted between E. lobulata and E. stellata, on one side, and between E. byunsanensis and E. pinnatifida, on the other side. Interestingly, there was no significant correlation between total haploid (monoploid) chromosome length (THL) and 1Cx values in these species.

scholarly journals Karyomorphology of Justicia adhatoda L. by differential staining

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-181
Author(s):  
Chandan Kumar Dash ◽  
Sheikh Shamimul Alam ◽  
Syeda Sharmeen Sultana
Keyword(s):  
Staining Pattern ◽  
Chromosome Complement ◽  
Relative Length ◽  
Chromosome Length ◽  
Differential Staining ◽  
Interphase Nuclei ◽  
Fluorescent Banding ◽  
Chromosomal Data ◽  
Justicia Adhatoda ◽  
Orcein Staining

Karyomorphological features of Justicia adhatoda L. were investigated in this study after differential staining with orcein, CMA and DAPI for proper characterization. In this species "Simple Chromocenter Type" of interphase nuclei was observed with many small heterochromatin blocks after orcein staining. Prophase chromosomes showed "Interstitial Type" of staining pattern which indicated the tendency of aggregation of heterochromatin in interstitial regions of chromosome. This species was found to possess 2n = 34 metacentric chromosomes. The total length of 2n chromosome complement was 132.17 μm. Individual chromosome length ranged from 2.57 to 5.43 μm. The relative length of each chromosome ranged from 0.02 to 0.04. A total of seven CMA-positive bands were observed in this species whereas no band was found after DAPIstaining. This result suggested the absence of AT-rich portions and occurrence of GC-rich portions in the respective banded chromosomes. Except 2n chromosome number, the other karyological and fluorescent banding information probably was the first report for this species and it might help to enhance the chromosomal data base with detailed karyomorphological information of this plant species in Bangladesh. Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 27(2): 175-181, 2018 (July)

Chromosome studies on African plants. 9. Chromosome numbers in Ehrharta (Poaceae: Ehrharteae)

Bothalia ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. J. Spies ◽  
E. J. L. Saayman ◽  
S. P. Voges ◽  
G. Davidse
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Number ◽  
Ploidy Level ◽  
Chromosome Numbers ◽  
Basic Chromosome Number ◽  
B Chromosomes ◽  
Basic Chromosome ◽  
Cytogenetic Studies ◽  
African Plants ◽  
First Time

Cytogenetic studies of 53 specimens of 14 species of the genus  Ehrharta Thunb. confirmed a basic chromosome number of 12 for the genus. Chromosome numbers for 13 species are described for the first time. The highest ploidy level yet observed in the genus (2n = lOx = 120) is reported for E. villosa var.  villosa. B chromosomes were observed in several specimens of four different species.

scholarly journals Karyotype analysis with orcein and CMA from leaf base cells of Rauvolfia serpentina Benth. et Kurz

1970 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Syeda Sharmeen Sultana ◽  
ANM Rubaiyath Bin Rahman ◽  
Sheikh Shamimul Alam
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Karyotype Analysis ◽  
Chromosome Length ◽  
Entire Length ◽  
Leaf Base ◽  
Interphase Nuclei ◽  
Rich Region ◽  
Rauvolfia Serpentina ◽  
Fluorescent Banding ◽  
Orcein Staining

Many prominent darkly stained heterochromatic blocks were found in the interphase nuclei of Rauvolfia serpentina following orcein staining. The prophase chromosomes of this species became stained homogeneously throughout the entire length. This species was found to possess 2n = 20 metacentric chromosomes revealing symmetric karyotype but if the chromosome length (6.67 - 3.17 μm) is considered, it indicates asymmetric karyotype. Total GC-rich region was 15.62% of the total chromatin length. Eight CMA-positive bands on different locus revealed the accumulation of GC-rich repeats. The two entirely CMA-banded chromosomes were so unique that could be used as marker for this species. Key words: Karyotype; Rauvolfia serpentina; Fluorescent banding DOI: 10.3329/bjb.v38i1.5133 Bangladesh J. Bot. 38(1): 55-63, 2009 (June)

scholarly journals A taxonomic study on Centaurea sect. Rhizocalathium and C. sect. Pseudoseridia (Asteraceae, Cardueae–Centaureinae) in Iran

Phytotaxa ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 174 (1) ◽  
pp. 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazem Negaresh ◽  
MOHAMMAD REZA RAHIMINEJAD ◽  
MASSOUD RANJBAR
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Number ◽  
Basic Chromosome Number ◽  
New Combination ◽  
Taxonomic Study ◽  
Basic Chromosome ◽  
New Subspecies ◽  
Taxonomic Review ◽  
First Time

A taxonomic review of Centaurea sect. Rhizocalathium Tzvelev and C. sect. Pseudoseridia Wagenitz in Iran was carried out. The latter, with only one species, Centaurea stevenii, is reported here as new to Iran. In Centaurea sect. Rhizocalathium, C. lasiorhiza is treated as a correct name, C. ispahanica subsp. sirjanensis is described as a new subspecies and C. ispahanica subsp. macrocarpa is proposed as a new combination. Finally, C. ispahanica is typified and its chromosome number is reported for the first time, and a new basic chromosome number for C. sect. Rhizocalathium is proposed.

scholarly journals A report on new chromosome number of three Dioscorea species

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-150
Author(s):  
Chiranjit Paul ◽  
Bimal Debnath
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Number ◽  
Somatic Chromosome ◽  
Chromosome Count ◽  
Somatic Chromosome Number ◽  
Chromosome Counts ◽  
North East India ◽  
North East ◽  
Forest Belts ◽  
Dioscorea Species ◽  
First Time

Chromosomal study conducted in nine species of Dioscorea from different forest belts of Tripura revealed that their somatic chromosome number ranged from 2n=40 to 2n=60. The record of 2n=40 chromosome in the sexual phenotypes of Dioscorea hamiltonii, Dioscorea glabra and Dioscorea pubera are the first time report from Tripura, North East India. Moreover the somatic chromosome counts of 2n=60 in Dioscorea pentaphylla would be attributed as a new cytotype. However at the respective ploidy level no difference in somatic chromosome count was observed between their sexes.

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