scholarly journals Dismantling Sparse Random Graphs

2008 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 259-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
SVANTE JANSON ◽  
ANDREW THOMASON
Keyword(s):  
Random Graph ◽  
Random Graphs ◽  
Regular Graph ◽  
Random Regular Graph

We consider the number of vertices that must be removed from a graphGin order that the remaining subgraph have no component with more thankvertices. Our principal observation is that, ifGis a sparse random graph or a random regular graph onnvertices withn→ ∞, then the number in question is essentially the same for all values ofkthat satisfy bothk→ ∞ andk=o(n).

Random graphs

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Newman
Keyword(s):  
Random Graph ◽  
Random Graphs ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Random Network ◽  
Graph Model ◽  
Clustering Coefficient ◽  
Giant Component ◽  
Random Graph Model ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Average Size

An introduction to the mathematics of the Poisson random graph, the simplest model of a random network. The chapter starts with a definition of the model, followed by derivations of basic properties like the mean degree, degree distribution, and clustering coefficient. This is followed with a detailed derivation of the large-scale structural properties of random graphs, including the position of the phase transition at which a giant component appears, the size of the giant component, the average size of the small components, and the expected diameter of the network. The chapter ends with a discussion of some of the shortcomings of the random graph model.

scholarly journals The Total Acquisition Number of Random Graphs

10.37236/5327 ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Deepak Bal ◽  
Patrick Bennett ◽  
Andrzej Dudek ◽  
Paweł Prałat
Keyword(s):  
Random Graph ◽  
Random Graphs ◽  
High Probability ◽  
Sharp Threshold ◽  
Positive Weight ◽  
Minimum Value ◽  
Almost All

Let $G$ be a graph in which each vertex initially has weight 1. In each step, the weight from a vertex $u$ to a neighbouring vertex $v$ can be moved, provided that the weight on $v$ is at least as large as the weight on $u$. The total acquisition number of $G$, denoted by $a_t(G)$, is the minimum possible size of the set of vertices with positive weight at the end of the process.LeSaulnier, Prince, Wenger, West, and Worah asked for the minimum value of $p=p(n)$ such that $a_t(\mathcal{G}(n,p)) = 1$ with high probability, where $\mathcal{G}(n,p)$ is a binomial random graph. We show that $p = \frac{\log_2 n}{n} \approx 1.4427 \ \frac{\log n}{n}$ is a sharp threshold for this property. We also show that almost all trees $T$ satisfy $a_t(T) = \Theta(n)$, confirming a conjecture of West.

scholarly journals Connectivity for Random Graphs from a Weighted Bridge-Addable Class

10.37236/2596 ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Colin McDiarmid
Keyword(s):  
Random Graph ◽  
Random Graphs ◽  
Planar Graphs ◽  
Additional Assumption ◽  
General Distribution ◽  
Expected Number ◽  
Recent Interest ◽  
Main Conjecture

There has been much recent interest in random graphs sampled uniformly from the $n$-vertex graphs in a suitable structured class, such as the class of all planar graphs. Here we consider a general bridge-addable class $\cal A$ of graphs -- if a graph is in $\cal A$ and $u$ and $v$ are vertices in different components   then the graph obtained by adding an edge (bridge) between $u$ and $v$ must also be in $\cal A$. Various bounds are known concerning the probability of a random graph from such a   class being connected or having many components, sometimes under the additional assumption that bridges can be deleted as well as added. Here we improve or amplify or generalise these bounds (though we do not resolve the main conjecture). For example, we see that the expected number of vertices left when we remove a largest component is less than 2. The generalisation is to consider `weighted' random graphs, sampled from a suitable more general distribution, where the focus is on the bridges.

Ballots, queues and random graphs

1989 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lajos Takács
Keyword(s):  
Real Number ◽  
Random Graph ◽  
Random Graphs ◽  
Limit Distribution ◽  
Positive Real Number ◽  
Positive Real ◽  
Ballot Theorem

This paper demonstrates how a simple ballot theorem leads, through the interjection of a queuing process, to the solution of a problem in the theory of random graphs connected with a study of polymers in chemistry. Let Γn(p) denote a random graph with n vertices in which any two vertices, independently of the others, are connected by an edge with probability p where 0 < p < 1. Denote by ρ n(s) the number of vertices in the union of all those components of Γn(p) which contain at least one vertex of a given set of s vertices. This paper is concerned with the determination of the distribution of ρ n(s) and the limit distribution of ρ n(s) as n → ∞and ρ → 0 in such a way that np → a where a is a positive real number.

On colouring random graphs

1975 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 313-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. R. Grimmett ◽  
C. J. H. McDiarmid
Keyword(s):  
Random Graph ◽  
Random Graphs ◽  
Complete Subgraph ◽  
Vertex Set ◽  
Image Position

AbstractLet ωn denote a random graph with vertex set {1, 2, …, n}, such that each edge is present with a prescribed probability p, independently of the presence or absence of any other edges. We show that the number of vertices in the largest complete subgraph of ωn is, with probability one,

The Impact of Edge Correlations in Random Networks

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 525-537
Author(s):  
András Faragó ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Random Graph ◽  
Random Graphs ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Graph Model ◽  
Random Networks ◽  
Random Graph Model ◽  
Special Cases ◽  
Graph Parameters ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Good Number

Random graphs are frequently used models of real-life random networks. The classical Erdös–Rényi random graph model is very well explored and has numerous nontrivial properties. In particular, a good number of important graph parameters that are hard to compute in the deterministic case often become much easier in random graphs. However, a fundamental restriction in the Erdös–Rényi random graph is that the edges are required to be probabilistically independent. This is a severe restriction, which does not hold in most real-life networks. We consider more general random graphs in which the edges may be dependent. Specifically, two models are analyzed. The first one is called a p-robust random graph. It is defined by the requirement that each edge exist with probability at least p, no matter how we condition on the presence/absence of other edges. It is significantly more general than assuming independent edges existing with probability p, as exemplified via several special cases. The second model considers the case when the edges are positively correlated, which means that the edge probability is at least p for each edge, no matter how we condition on the presence of other edges (but absence is not considered). We prove some interesting, nontrivial properties about both models.

scholarly journals On Komlós’ tiling theorem in random graphs

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-127
Author(s):  
Rajko Nenadov ◽  
Nemanja Škorić
Keyword(s):  
Chromatic Number ◽  
Random Graph ◽  
Random Graphs ◽  
Upper Bound ◽  
Minimum Degree ◽  
Arbitrary Graph ◽  
Spanning Subgraph ◽  
Delta G ◽  
Image Position ◽  
Vertex Disjoint

AbstractGiven graphs G and H, a family of vertex-disjoint copies of H in G is called an H-tiling. Conlon, Gowers, Samotij and Schacht showed that for a given graph H and a constant γ>0, there exists C>0 such that if $p \ge C{n^{ - 1/{m_2}(H)}}$ , then asymptotically almost surely every spanning subgraph G of the random graph 𝒢(n, p) with minimum degree at least $\delta (G) \ge (1 - \frac{1}{{{\chi _{{\rm{cr}}}}(H)}} + \gamma )np$ contains an H-tiling that covers all but at most γn vertices. Here, χcr(H) denotes the critical chromatic number, a parameter introduced by Komlós, and m2(H) is the 2-density of H. We show that this theorem can be bootstrapped to obtain an H-tiling covering all but at most $\gamma {(C/p)^{{m_2}(H)}}$ vertices, which is strictly smaller when $p \ge C{n^{ - 1/{m_2}(H)}}$ . In the case where H = K3, this answers the question of Balogh, Lee and Samotij. Furthermore, for an arbitrary graph H we give an upper bound on p for which some leftover is unavoidable and a bound on the size of a largest H -tiling for p below this value.

Random Graphs from a Minor-Closed Class

2009 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 583-599 ◽  
Author(s):  
COLIN McDIARMID
Keyword(s):  
Poisson Distribution ◽  
Random Graph ◽  
Generating Function ◽  
Random Graphs ◽  
Giant Component ◽  
Closed Class ◽  
Exponential Generating Function ◽  
Excluded Minor ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Labelled Graphs

A minor-closed class of graphs is addable if each excluded minor is 2-connected. We see that such a classof labelled graphs has smooth growth; and, for the random graphRnsampled uniformly from then-vertex graphs in, the fragment not in the giant component asymptotically has a simple ‘Boltzmann Poisson distribution’. In particular, asn→ ∞ the probability thatRnis connected tends to 1/A(ρ), whereA(x) is the exponential generating function forand ρ is its radius of convergence.

Ballots, queues and random graphs

1989 ◽  
Vol 26 (01) ◽  
pp. 103-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lajos Takács
Keyword(s):  
Real Number ◽  
Random Graph ◽  
Random Graphs ◽  
Limit Distribution ◽  
Positive Real Number ◽  
Positive Real ◽  
Ballot Theorem

This paper demonstrates how a simple ballot theorem leads, through the interjection of a queuing process, to the solution of a problem in the theory of random graphs connected with a study of polymers in chemistry. Let Γ n (p) denote a random graph with n vertices in which any two vertices, independently of the others, are connected by an edge with probability p where 0 &lt; p &lt; 1. Denote by ρ n (s) the number of vertices in the union of all those components of Γ n (p) which contain at least one vertex of a given set of s vertices. This paper is concerned with the determination of the distribution of ρ n (s) and the limit distribution of ρ n (s) as n → ∞and ρ → 0 in such a way that np → a where a is a positive real number.

scholarly journals Large triangle packings and Tuza’s conjecture in sparse random graphs

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 757-779 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Bennett ◽  
Andrzej Dudek ◽  
Shira Zerbib
Keyword(s):  
Greedy Algorithm ◽  
Random Graph ◽  
Random Graphs ◽  
Maximum Size ◽  
Packing Number ◽  
Edge Disjoint ◽  
Large Triangle

AbstractThe triangle packing number v(G) of a graph G is the maximum size of a set of edge-disjoint triangles in G. Tuza conjectured that in any graph G there exists a set of at most 2v(G) edges intersecting every triangle in G. We show that Tuza’s conjecture holds in the random graph G = G(n, m), when m ⩽ 0.2403n3/2 or m ⩾ 2.1243n3/2. This is done by analysing a greedy algorithm for finding large triangle packings in random graphs.

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