scholarly journals ASPREE-D: Aspirin for the prevention of depression in the elderly

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (10) ◽  
pp. 1741-1748 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Berk ◽  
R. L. Woods ◽  
M. R. Nelson ◽  
R. C. Shah ◽  
C. M. Reid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The Elderly ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Inflammatory Signaling ◽  
Novel Therapy ◽  
Definitive Evidence ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

ABSTRACTBackground:Not only is depression associated with increased inflammation but inflammation is a risk factor for the genesis of depression. Many of the environmental risk factors for depression are transduced through inflammatory signaling. Anti-inflammatory agents show promise for the management of depression in preclinical, epidemiological, and early clinical studies. This opens the door to the potential for anti-inflammatory agents to treat and prevent depression. There are no evidence-based pharmacotherapies for depression prevention.Method:ASPREE-D, aspirin in the prevention of depression in the elderly, is a sub study of ASPREE, which explores the potential of aspirin to prevent a range of inflammation related disorders in the elderly. With a sample size of 19,114, and a duration of 5 years, this placebo controlled study will be one of the largest randomized controlled trials in psychiatry and will provide definitive evidence on the ability of aspirin to prevent depression.Results:This paper presents the rationale for the study and presents a summary of the study design.Conclusions:ASPREE-D may not only define novel therapy but will provide mechanistic proof of concept of the role of inflammation in depression.

scholarly journals Prospective Randomized Controlled Study to assess the Role of Dexmedetomidine on Perioperative Hemodynamics in Patients with Supratentorial Tumor undergoing Surgery

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-17
Author(s):  
Sachin Vaishnav ◽  
Anita Shetty ◽  
Manjula Sarkar
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Placebo Group ◽  
Arterial Blood Pressure ◽  
Randomized Controlled Study ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Supratentorial Tumor ◽  
Duration Of Surgery

ABSTRACT The stress response to an intense painful surgical stimulus is characterized by activation of the sympathetic nervous system and an increased secretion of the stress hormones. The ability of the alpha agonist dexmedetomidine (DEX) to decrease heart rate (HR) and arterial blood pressure in perioperative period was tested. One hundred and thirty two patients undergoing craniotomy for supratentorial tumor were randomly distributed to receive either saline (B group) or DEX (A group). The placebo group received saline, whereas the treatment group (A group) received a single bolus dose of DEX (1μg/kg) intravenously over 10 minutes before induction of anesthesia. Hemodynamic parameters, such as HR and arterial blood pressure were measured. Both the groups were comparable with respect to age, sex, American Society for Anesthesiologist grade, and duration of surgery. The arterial blood pressure and HR were found to be lower in the DEX group when compared with the placebo group. How to cite this article Vaishnav S, Shetty A, Sarkar M. Prospective Randomized Controlled Study to assess the Role of Dexmedetomidine on Perioperative Hemodynamics in Patients with Supratentorial Tumor undergoing Surgery. Res Inno in Anesth 2017;2(1):14-17.

The Role of Novel Bone Forming Agents in the Treatment of Osteoporosis

2020 ◽  
pp. 089719002096122
Author(s):  
Hansita B. Patel ◽  
Lynsie J. Lyerly ◽  
Cheryl K. Horlen
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Population ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Bisphosphonate Therapy ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
First Line ◽  
Treatment Of Osteoporosis ◽  
Cost Effective Treatment

Osteoporosis is a growing epidemic that leads to significant morbidity and mortality among the elderly population due to associated fractures that lead to disabilities and reduced quality of life. Bisphosphonates are well-established as a first-line and cost-effective treatment for osteoporosis. Unfortunately, clinicians are often uncertain as to how to select treatments when bisphosphonates are ineffective as initial treatment or contraindicated. Romosozumab and abaloparatide are 2 alternative agents that have been recently FDA approved for the treatment of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women at high risk for fracture or patients who have failed or are intolerant to other osteoporosis therapies. Currently, the National Osteoporosis Foundation (NOF) has no formal recommendations in regard to these 2 novel agents. The purpose of this review is to help guide pharmacists on how to ensure appropriate utilization of these 2 novel bone-forming agents as potential alternatives to bisphosphonate therapy by providing evidence-based recommendations according to the current literature and key counseling points.

scholarly journals Quality of Life in Patients with Dementia with Lewy Bodies

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chuo-Yu Lee ◽  
Shih-Jung Cheng ◽  
Hui-Chi Lin ◽  
Yu-Lu Liao ◽  
Pei-Hao Chen
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Dementia With Lewy Bodies ◽  
Lewy Bodies ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Specific Instrument ◽  
Pubmed Database

Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) is a complex, multisymptom disorder. When making decisions regarding the treatment of DLB, the patient’s quality of life (QoL) should always be the main consideration. To our knowledge, this is the first review article focusing on the QoL in DLB patients. We searched the PubMed database using the keywords “quality of life” and “dementia with Lewy bodies.” Previously, no specific instrument had been developed for assessing the QoL in DLB patients. Patients with DLB have a decreased QoL compared to patients with Alzheimer’s disease, which is reportedly caused by several factors including level of independence in instrumental activities of daily living, whether the patient is living with the caregiver, apathy, delusion, and dysautonomia. The direct effect of visual hallucination, sleep, and movement disorders on the QoL in DLB patients has not been previously studied. The role of cognitive function on the QoL is still controversial. In a randomized controlled study, memantine may improve the QoL in PDD or DLB patients. We concluded that it is important to develop a specific instrument to assess the QoL in DLB patients. Furthermore, there is an urgent need for large clinical trials to identify factors associated with the QoL and how they can be managed.

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