scholarly journals From Yokohama, Hyogo, and Sendai to the World: The Global Legacy of Kobe

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (s1) ◽  
pp. s133-s133
Author(s):  
Frank Archer ◽  
Caroline Spencer ◽  
Dudley McArdle
Keyword(s):  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Disaster Risk Reduction ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
International Strategy ◽  
World Conference ◽  
Disaster Reduction ◽  
Sendai Framework ◽  
The Rich ◽  
The Third World

Introduction:The Hyogo and Sendai Frameworks for Disaster Reduction are well known and have been influential globally. However, less is known of their broader contexts.Aim:A recent opportunity to visit Kobe, Japan, provided an opportunity to experience the rich, and largely unknown tapestry behind the scenes of the Hyogo and Sendai Frameworks. This paper aims to illuminate the journey of the Kobe Legacy and its global influence.Methods:An experiential visit to Kobe and exploring its rich resources relating to disaster risk reduction.Results:The First World Conference on Natural Disasters, was held in Yokohama, Japan, in 1994. Almost immediately, Kobe experienced the Great Hanshin Earthquake, January 17, 1995, resulting in 6,434 dead, 43,792 injured, and 249,180 homes damaged. The United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction (2000 – 2005) culminated in the Second World Conference on Disaster Reduction, Kobe, 2005 and the Hyogo Framework for Action 2005 – 2015. The Great East Japan Earthquake occurred on March 11, 2011, with 18,453 dead or missing, 6157 injured, 1.1M homes damaged, with a tsunami and nuclear accidents. The Third World Conference on Disaster Risk Reduction followed in Sendai in 2015 with the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015 – 2030 agreed on. Subsequently, the Sendai Framework has further evolved. However, behind the scenes, Kobe has developed a rich tapestry of insightful and valuable resources which will be outlined in this presentation.Discussion:In the words of the Mayor of Kobe, Mr. Tatsuo Yada in 2010, “I would like to reaffirm my determination to never allow our experiences of the disaster to fade away. It is our responsibility to make the utmost effort for disaster prevention and mitigation and keep passing on our experiences and the lessons learned to future generations”. This is the real legacy of Kobe.

Quantitative Text Analysis of Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 459-469 ◽  
Author(s):  
Osamu Murao ◽  
◽  
Hiroko Sakaba
Keyword(s):  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Natural Disaster ◽  
Text Analysis ◽  
Disaster Risk Reduction ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
World Conference ◽  
Disaster Reduction ◽  
Sendai Framework ◽  
Quantitative Text Analysis ◽  
Hyogo Prefecture

Three UN world conferences held on reducing disaster damage – the 1994 World Conference on Natural Disaster Reduction held in Yokohama during the International Decade for Natural Disaster Reduction, the 2005 World Conference on Disaster Reduction held in Hyogo Prefecture, and the 2015 World Conference on Disaster Risk Reduction held in Sendai – resulted in the Yokohama Strategy and Plan of Action for a Safer World, the Hyogo Framework for Action 2005-2015 (HFA), and the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030.The sections that follow clarify Sendai Framework features compared to the Yokohama Strategy and the HFA based on a three-stage review of the literature:1) Overviews of the three documents, including framework structures, are arranged with basic conference information and a comparative study.2) A quantitative text analysis is conducted using the KH Coder, which is free quantitative text analysis software. Words occurring frequently in the documents are extracted and compared and a co-occurrence network is analyzed to determine relationships among these words.3) Features of the three documents, mainly focusing on the Sendai Framework, are specified and clarified based on the result of quantitative text analysis.

Promoting Education for Disaster Resilience and the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 402-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aiko Sakurai ◽  
◽  
Takeshi Sato
Keyword(s):  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Disaster Management ◽  
School Safety ◽  
Disaster Risk Reduction ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Disaster Reduction ◽  
Sendai Framework ◽  
Loss And Damage ◽  
Resilient Communities ◽  
Disaster Education

Since the International Decade for Natural Disaster Reduction began in the 1990s, education has been recognized as having a cross-cutting role in disaster reduction by extending the people’s engagement to the creation and maintenance of sustainable communities internationally. During the same period, Japan has experienced large earthquakes, following which Japan has promoted comprehensive school safety and practical disaster education. Although conditions may vary between Japan and other countries, the approaches, issues and challenges of disaster education have much in common. The 2015-2030 Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction (SFDRR), fully integrates education and includes the overall goal of disaster risk reduction (DRR) in the full disaster management cycle, from prevention, mitigation and preparedness to response, recovery and rehabilitation. Minimizing loss and damage to educational facilities is included as one of global indicators of SFDRR. A comprehensive approach to school safety is emphasized, including the safety of the learning environment, disaster management and DRR education. An awareness of such commonalities, under the SFDRR, international cooperation for promoting education for resilient communities should be promoted in Japan and globally.

Review of Recent Water-Related Disasters and Scientific Activities in Southeast Asia: Lessons Learned and Future Challenges for Disaster Risk Reduction

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 394-401 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuichi Kure ◽  
◽  
Taichi Tebakari ◽  
Mamoru Miyamoto ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Disaster Risk Reduction ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Public Forum ◽  
The Public ◽  
Sendai Framework ◽  
Miyagi Prefecture

This article reports on the public forum conducted by the authors at the Third United Nations World Conference on Disaster Risk Reduction, held in Sendai City, Miyagi Prefecture, Japan, from March 14 to 18, 2015. The conference included case studies of recent water-related disasters in the Southeast Asia region, reviews of academic research, and a description of the current situation about measures for risk reduction. This article also clarifies the relationship between the various recommendations proposed in the public forum and the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030 (the Sendai framework), in order to identify the efforts that are necessary for the implementation of the Sendai framework.

Strengthening National Platforms for Effective Use of Science and Technology for Disaster Risk Reduction

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1199-1206
Author(s):  
Satoru Nishikawa ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Disaster Risk Reduction ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
International Strategy ◽  
Disaster Reduction ◽  
United Nations General ◽  
Primary Responsibility ◽  
Effective Use ◽  
National Disaster

The Guiding Principles of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030 state that “(a) Each State has the primary responsibility to prevent and reduce disaster risk, including through international, regional, subregional, transboundary and bilateral cooperation,” and “(b) Disaster risk reduction requires that responsibilities be shared by central Governments and relevant national authorities, sectors and stakeholders, as appropriate to their national circumstances and systems of governance.” The need for a multi-sectoral national mechanism for disaster reduction was recognized during the International Decade for Natural Disaster Reduction (IDNDR) 1990–2000, and the responsibility was inherited to the International Strategy for Disaster Reduction (ISDR). The United Nations General Assembly Resolution 56/195, which was adopted in December 2001, called upon Governments to establish national platforms or focal points for disaster reduction. At the Global Forum on Science and Technology for Disaster Resilience, held in Tokyo in November 2017, a plenary session focusing on National Platforms was organized and ways for the effective integration of the knowledge and expertise available within the national science and technology community in the national disaster risk reduction activities were discussed. This paper examines how the idea of national platform for disaster reduction evolved since the beginning of IDNDR. This paper further reviews and illustrates the previous discussions on National Platforms from 2005 to 2015 as well as existing guidelines on National Platforms. Based on the discussions carried out during the Forum, five recommendations adopted by the Forum are introduced.

scholarly journals Brief communication: Sendai framework for disaster risk reduction – success or warning sign for Paris?

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. 2189-2193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaroslav Mysiak ◽  
Swenja Surminski ◽  
Annegret Thieken ◽  
Reinhard Mechler ◽  
Jeroen Aerts
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Disaster Risk Reduction ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Warning Sign ◽  
World Conference ◽  
The Third ◽  
Sendai Framework ◽  
Development Goals

Abstract. In March 2015, a new international blueprint for disaster risk reduction (DRR) was adopted in Sendai, Japan, at the end of the Third UN World Conference on Disaster Risk Reduction (WCDRR, 14–18 March 2015). We review and discuss the agreed commitments and targets, as well as the negotiation leading the Sendai Framework for DRR (SFDRR) and discuss briefly its implication for the later UN-led negotiations on sustainable development goals and climate change.

scholarly journals Brief Communication: Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction – success or warning sign for Paris?

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 3955-3966 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Mysiak ◽  
S. Surminski ◽  
A. Thieken ◽  
R. Mechler ◽  
J. Aerts
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Disaster Risk Reduction ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Warning Sign ◽  
World Conference ◽  
The Third ◽  
Sendai Framework ◽  
Development Goals

Abstract. In March 2015, a new international blueprint for disaster risk reduction (DRR) has been adopted in Sendai, Japan, at the end of the Third UN World Conference on Disaster Risk Reduction (WCDRR, 14–18 March 2015). We review and discuss the agreed commitments and targets, as well as the negotiation leading to the Sendai Framework for DRR (SFDRR) and discuss briefly its implication for the later UN-led negotiations on sustainable development goals and climate change.

scholarly journals Views from the Frontline: A critical assessment of local risk governance in South Africa

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Doret Botha ◽  
Dewald Van Niekerk
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Disaster Risk Reduction ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Global Network ◽  
International Strategy ◽  
Risk Governance ◽  
Disaster Reduction ◽  
Local Risk

In 2005 the United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction introduced the ‘Hyogo Framework for Action’ (HFA) aimed at mainstreaming disaster risk reduction. Subsequently, the ‘Global Network for Disaster Reduction’ (GNDR) was formed to support the implementation of the HFA. The GNDR initiated a country-based, international research project called ‘Views from the Frontline’ (VFL) in order to measure progress at local level in terms of compliance with the HFA. The VFL 2011 project focused on local risk governance, which is critical for effective implementation of policy and provision of resources at grassroots level. This article provides insight into the findings for South Africa. The project made use of quantitative and qualitative data. Quantitative data was gathered by means of a survey and/or questionnaire consisting of 20 questions on ‘indicators’ which assessed progress toward the goals of the HFA. The surveys also provided for qualitative commentary. The target population for this research consisted of local government officials and community representatives. Based on the quantitative scores for all the different indicators, the research showed that South Africa could still improve significantly in terms of compliance with the HFA. More attention must be given to operationalise the HFA at local level, a culture of safety must be fostered, local actors and communities must be involved directly and consulted, indigenous knowledge must be recognised, and significant capacity development for disaster risk reduction is necessary.

Development and validation of a geospatial model for monitoring indicators of the Sendai framework using the example of flooding in Ecuador

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel Urrutia ◽  
Guido Riembauer ◽  
Angel A. Valdiviezo-Ajila ◽  
Stalin Jímenez ◽  
Antonio R. Andrade ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Disaster Risk Reduction ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Geospatial Data ◽  
Sendai Framework ◽  
Loss And Damage ◽  
Flood Loss ◽  
Information Products ◽  
Development And Validation

<p>The Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction (SFDRR) provides a concrete agenda for evidence-based policy for disaster risk reduction as a key component of the post-2015 global development agenda. However, the progress of implementing the seven Global Targets of the SFDRR at the national level via the monitor of a set of thirty-eight indicators is obstructed due to a lack of available, accessible, and validated data on disaster-related loss and damage, especially in developing countries. This weakens the accuracy, timeliness, and quality of the Sendai monitoring process. In the case of floods, which account for the highest number of people affected by hazards,[WY1]  there is a strong need for innovative and  appropriate tools for monitoring and reporting flood impacts.</p><p>The country of Ecuador and their validated national flood loss and damage database, which stretches back to 1970, is a stark counterpoint to the norm and serves as the case study for this research. In this research we develop a geospatial model approach, which combines earth observation-based information products with additional geospatial data to result quantitative measures for selected indicators of the SFDRR and validate them based on an existing database on flood loss and damage in Ecuador. Specifically, we build on automated  derivation of flood event characteristics from a full year of Sentinel-1 synthetic aperture radar data to assess flood hazard in Ecuador, and complement this with geospatial data on flood-related exposure and vulnerability to model selected indicators of the SFDRR in a spatially explicit way. The validation process of this geospatial model is conducted in reference to in situ loss and damage data related to flooding for the years 2017, 2018, and 2019. The derivation of information products is conducted in close collaboration with the National Service for Risk and Emergency Management of the Government of Ecuador, the country office of the United Nations Development Program, and the United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction. It is thereby assured that the development and validation of this methodology is in line with the national and international approach of implementing the SFDRR.</p><p> </p>

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